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Qilu Network Lightning News October 2 news "Squatting along the Yellow Line, listening to the good voice of the Yellow River." The seventh issue of the Lightning News series "The Voice of the Yellow River" lets us follow the travel route of a couple of white pelicans (tí hú) to Dongying Guan Wanli Yellow River rushing into the sea, listening to the ecological protection achievements of the Yellow River Delta sung by the birds of Yongyong.
In the first half of this year, the staff of the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve found the figure of the white pelican during the wetland patrol. There are two white pelicans found this time, they are about 1.6 meters long, the body feathers are pink and white, and the yellow mouth is very conspicuous and easy to identify. They sometimes swim side by side, sometimes plunging their heads deep into the water to hunt, appearing unusually leisurely.
In November 2020, the autumn migration period of white pelicans stopped for the first time in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, and this year, the spring migration period of white pelicans came to the reserve again to migrate and stop.
The white pelican belongs to the national key protected birds, there are 8 species of pelicans in the world, only 3 species in China, and 2 species have been recorded in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, namely the white pelican and the curly-wing pelican. After the first record of the Curly Pelican in the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve in 2006, it migrates and stops here every spring and autumn, and as the ecological environment improves, the white pelican is also expected to become a local "regular visitor".
In May, the reserve ushers in the breeding season of black-billed gulls. Black-billed gulls are small, with an average length of 30 cm, weigh less than 250 grams, and have poor individual defenses. Coupled with the fact that black-billed gulls build their nests on the ground and are vulnerable to predators, their nests are usually distributed in pairs in the same vegetation. The thick roots of the alkali grass provide a natural convenience for the black-billed gull to make a nest, and the denser branches shield the black-billed gull from the wind and rain. This year, the black-billed gulls in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve have bred more than 5,000 nests, and the population has exceeded 10,000.
In recent years, the erythrophyllum has seriously affected the survival of native species in the mudflats of the Yellow River Delta. Through scientific research and scientific research, the reserve uses physical methods such as ecological cofferdams and rotary farming by machine farming boats, and will treat a total of 3,800 mu of mutual flowers and rice grasses in 2020.
The Eastern White Stork is very demanding on the living environment of the breeding grounds. In recent years, with the implementation of ecological water replenishment and wetland restoration projects, the overall environment of the yellow river delta wetlands has been significantly improved, and more and more oriental white storks have chosen to settle here and breed offspring. It is understood that the Oriental White Stork began to nest and breed in the reserve in 2003, and as of 2020, it has accumulated 1954 breeding chicks, and the number of chicks bred this year is expected to reach a new high. Of the 49 young eastern white storks in the previous years of the Conservation Area's Research Center, nine were monitored this year to return to the Yellow River Delta to breed and nest.
In order to protect the nascent wetland ecosystem and rare and endangered birds, since 2002, dongying Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve has adopted ecological water replenishment with the main content of opening up the large circulation of wetlands and the Yellow River, and restored the large circulation and surface runoff of the Yellow River and the wetlands on both sides by building diversion channels, diversion sluices, connecting sluices, and drainage sluices, ensuring the normal exchange of fresh water, the total soil nitrogen and total phosphorus removal rate has basically remained above 40%, and the soil water content has been significantly improved. The total salinity of the soil is lower than before the restoration of the wetland, and the water quality is maintained at three levels, providing superior environmental conditions for birds to inhabit and feed.
In 2020, the Yellow River Delta returned 72,500 mu of farmland to wet land and 72,500 mu to the beach; the cumulative ecological water replenishment was 174 million cubic meters, more than double the average value of the past 10 years. During the period of large-flow ecological replenishment, the river-sea confluence extends up to 23 kilometers to the farthest point, which greatly curbs the trend of seawater irrigation and destruction of wetland ecosystems, and enhances the natural restoration ability of delta wetland ecosystems.
At present, the number of observed birds in the Dongying Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve has increased from 187 when the district was established in 1990 to 370 species and 6 million, and more and more migratory birds have become "resident birds". The story here continues...
Lightning News reporters Li Jinyan, Zhang Kan, Yin Chengqian, He Xiaofei, And Yu Jiao reported