(Warm tips: This article is about 6800 words, with 24 pictures, the original is not easy, thank you for your patience.) ）
I don't know whether it is out of nostalgia for the "glory" of the past, or the unwillingness to lose the war, there is a plausible reflective tendency in the literary and artistic works of post-war Japan that reflect the theme of World War II, and the 2019 Japanese war film "Archimedes" is such a work, telling a bizarre story about the origin of the strongest battleship "Yamato". The plot of the popular manga is fictional, but some of the characters and events have historical basis, especially the core event: the controversy among the Japanese Navy's top brass about the construction of the successor ship "Kongo", that is, the "King Kong" case. In the film, this incident is interpreted as the confrontation between the battleship faction and the aircraft carrier faction, which is not the case of the real "King Kong ship" in history, but the competition between the two battleship design schemes, and the personal grudge of the two top shipbuilding experts.
■ Poster of the 2019 Japanese war film Archimedes.
Navy Holiday
The so-called "Kongo-dai" is a new type of battleship planned by the Japanese Navy to replace the battleship "Kongo", which has been in service for many years, and the discussion of the "Kongo-dai" in the film takes place in 1933, and in fact, it has been on the agenda as early as 1928, five years ago. Why the Japanese Navy should study the "Kongo Generation Ship" at this point in time is from the "Washington Treaty", which is hated by many fans of large ships and cannons.
In February 1922, the five major naval powers signed the Treaty on the Limitation of Naval Armaments at the Washington Conference, and the countries agreed to stop building capital ships for 10 years, thus beginning the famous "naval holiday". At the same time, the treaty limits the tonnage of capital ships and the technical specifications of newly built capital ships maintained by the contracting states, the standard displacement of capital ships does not exceed 35,000 tons, the maximum caliber of the main gun is 16 inches (406 mm), the treaty also stipulates that active capital ships must be in service for 20 years before new ships can be replaced, and the replacement battleships must be laid no earlier than the 17th year of the completion of the replacement battleships, and a clear timetable is set for the construction of replacement warships for each country.
■A manga based on the 1922 Treaty of Washington shows the ratio of the tonnage of capital ships of Britain, the United States, and Japan.
According to the "Washington Treaty", the Japanese Navy was forced to accept that the tonnage of the capital ships was 60% of britain and the United States, abandoned the ambitious "Eighty-Eight Fleet" case, abandoned a large number of old warships, and stopped building new warships. After the entry into force of the treaty, the Japanese Navy can maintain 10 battleships after 1922, namely 4 Kongo-class, 2 Fuso-class, 2 Ise-class and 2 Nagato-class, of which the longest ship is the "Kongo" entered service in 1913, which will reach 20 years of service in 1933, combined with the terms of the treaty, the Japanese Navy can start to build the replacement ship "Kongo" in 1931, and then build new ships at the rate of one ship per year, and complete the construction of all 10 replacement ships by 1942. After the new ship enters service, the replaced ship will be decommissioned and dissolved according to the agreement.
■ The hull of the battleship Tosa, which was suspended and abandoned in accordance with the provisions of the Treaty of Washington.
Based on the plan to start the construction of replacement ships in 1931, the Japanese Navy launched technical research on new battleships in advance in 1928, and the then Minister of the Navy, Keisuke Okada, received a research report from the relevant departments, proposing that the standard displacement of the "Kongo generation ship" was 35,000 tons, equipped with 12 410 mm guns! However, considering that the strongest Nagato class of the Japanese Navy at that time had a displacement of only 32,700 tons and was equipped with 8 410 mm naval guns, while the "Kongo generation ship" increased its firepower by 50% while the displacement increased by only 2300 tons, it was foreseeable that it would be difficult to achieve, in fact, only the montana class of the US Navy achieved a firepower configuration of 12 16-inch guns in the future, but its displacement was already as high as 60500 tons!
■ The 1914 battlecruiser Kong had been in service for 20 years and could build alternative ships.
On the basis of the initial research report, the Naval Command, after repeated discussions, finally formed the basic technical indicators of the "King Kong Warship": the standard displacement is 35,000 tons, equipped with more than 8 410 mm naval guns, and the speed is medium. It should be said that this indicator is still relatively close to reality, which is in line with the provisions of the treaty and also refers to the current situation of battleships in active service in various countries in the world at that time. In the treaty era, there were only 7 battleships equipped with 16-inch guns in the world, that is, the famous "Big Seven", of which the Nagato class of Japan and the Colorado class of the United States were equipped with 8 main guns, the British Nelson class was equipped with 9 main guns, in terms of speed, the Colorado class was 21 knots, the Nelson class was 23 knots, and the Nagato class was 26.5 knots. Therefore, the new "King Kong warship" is equal to or exceeds the existing battleships of the same class in terms of firepower and speed is the most basic requirement.
■ The 1931 battleship Nagato, the Nagato class was the most powerful battleship of the Japanese Navy during the treaty era.
According to the design standards of the Military Command, the fourth division of the Naval Administration Headquarters began to design under the leadership of the basic design director Fujimoto Kikuo Shipbuilding Daisa, and in 1929 completed the basic design plan, which was submitted to the Naval Higher Technical Council for consideration in the name of the "Ship Administration Headquarters Case" (hereinafter referred to as the Ship Case, also known as the Fuji Case). Unexpectedly, Vice Admiral Hiraga, then director of the Naval Institute of Technology, also submitted a design plan in his personal name, known as the "Hiraga Private Case" or "Hiraga Case", and as a result, the "King Kong Battleship" case formed a situation in which two males competed. As a senior shipbuilding expert in the Navy, Vice Admiral Hiraga's opinion on the design of the new ship is understandable, but he started a new project and independently designed a new plan, which is equivalent to a total denial of Fuji's case, and his move is largely due to his personal grudge with Fujimoto.
The battle between gods and ghosts
Hiraga and Kihisa Fujimoto are among the most famous figures in the history of japanese naval shipbuilding. Hiraga was born in 1878, after the samurai, graduated from the Shipbuilding Department of the Faculty of Engineering of Tokyo Imperial University, had a doctorate in engineering, studied in The United Kingdom, participated in the design of the capital ships at all levels in the "Eighty-Eight Fleet" case, and his famous works were the pioneering experimental light cruiser "Yubari", the Koying class and the Myō Senior Heavy Cruiser, and in 1920 he became the director of the fourth department of the Ship Administration Headquarters, and was known as the "God of Shipbuilding" in the industry. Born in 1888 and graduated from the Shipbuilding Department of Tokyo Imperial University, Fujimoto participated in the Geneva Naval Disarmament Conference as a plenipotentiary attaché and became the director of basic design for the fourth department of the Naval Administration Headquarters in 1927. Fujimoto worked under Hiraga in his early years and participated in the design of a large number of ships, and was known as a "shipbuilder genius" because of his bold and innovative ideas and unconventional designs, and his most famous work was the heavy mine-mounted, high-speed special destroyer.
■ Two major Japanese shipbuilders of the Taisho and Showa periods: Hiraga (left) and Kihisa Fujimoto (right).
It can be said that Hiraga and Fujimoto are both shipbuilding experts with the spirit of Japanese craftsmen, but their personalities and technical concepts are completely different. Hiraga Jean is a scholar with a strict academic background, stubborn and rigid personality, stubborn behavior, not easy to compromise, people give the nickname "Hiraga do not let go", in terms of technology Hiraga is biased towards conservative tradition, skeptical about new technologies, in the design of ships attach importance to stability. Kikuo Fujimoto has the momentum and innovative spirit of a rising star, dares to try new things, is keen on the application of new technologies, and is sleek, good at coordinating interpersonal relationships, and knows how to make trade-offs in order to achieve goals, which seems to be the negative model of Hiraga In all aspects. If you describe the two in terms of art genre, Hiraga is a decent classical master, while Fujimoto is a pioneer of modernism that is new and advanced.
■ Hirayama Tadanodo, who appeared in the film Archimedes, is based on Hiraga Jean.
Just as the so-called one mountain is difficult to tolerate two tigers, it is almost impossible for two elites with very different personalities and different ideas not to have contradictions in the same department. As early as the design of the Nagato class, Hiraga had been troubled by the problem of the front chimney smoke exhaust affecting the bridge, Fujimoto suggested using a curved flue to solve the problem, but Hiraga flatly refused: "The chimney of the battleship should be straight!" However, curved flues proved effective and were widely used on many ships. In the early 1920s, Fujimoto was commissioned to preside over the aircraft carrier reconstruction design of "Akagi" and "Kaga", and he borrowed from the British aircraft carrier to introduce a unique three-stage flight deck in order to achieve mutual non-interference in take-off/landing operations, but Hiraga insisted on adding heavy guns to the aircraft carrier, and forced two 200 mm twin turrets into the front of the mid-deck flight deck, so that Fujimoto's original intention could not be fully realized. In addition, hiraga and Fujimoto also have opposing views on the application of welding technology and the promotion of diesel engines.
■ The battleship Nagato in the early 1930s, note its backward curved front chimney.
The final rupture between Hiraga and Fujimoto occurred during the design phase of the Myo Senior Heavy Cruiser. In Hiraga's original design, Mio-sen was not equipped with torpedo armament, and the military hoped to have lightning strike capability, but Hiraga did not accept it. Later, taking advantage of Hiraga's expedition to Europe, Fujimoto modified the design according to the military's wishes and added torpedo armament. After returning to Japan, Hiraga was extremely angry about this, and angrily withdrew from the fourth department of the Naval Administration Headquarters and transferred to the Naval Technical Research Institute, and from then on, he regarded Fujimoto as an enemy. Both men have their own supporters in the shipbuilding department, thus forming two factions of forces, fighting each other openly and secretly, and internal friction.
■ Comparison of the side line of sight of the Fuji case (top) and the Hiraga case (bottom) in the "King Kong Battleship" case.
Under the entanglement of grievances, Hiraga naturally did not stand idly by for the design of the "King Kong Ship" presided over by Fujimoto. Although he had left the ship design department, his authority in the field of naval shipbuilding was still there, and he was also a member of the Naval High Technical Committee, and he had a wide network in the Navy, so he could submit the design proposal in his personal name and challenge Fujimoto's official design, which was a violation of the law, but it was enough to see Hiraga's disposition and influence.
Ship Administration Headquarters Case
As the official design case of the "King Kong Warship", the ship administration headquarters case, that is, the Fuji case, did not leave complete information, only a small amount of basic data and a brief line map remained, and many details of the information could even be speculated. According to the existing information, the basic scale and power data of the fuji case are: the standard displacement is 35,000 tons, the public test displacement is 39,250 tons, the public test water line is 237 meters long, the maximum ship width is 32 meters, the average draft is 8.7 meters, the steam turbine drive is used to reduce the gear, the four-axis propulsion, the main engine power is 73,000 horsepower, and the maximum speed is 25.9 knots.
■ Side view and overhead line view of the "King Kong Battleship" vine case.
In terms of armament, the main gun of the Fuji case is configured as 9 50 times diameter 410 mm naval guns, installed in 3 triple turrets, using the first two and the back one layout, this gun is likely to be the Nagato class used 45 times diameter 410 mm three-year naval gun development type, it is worth mentioning that there is information that the Fuji case also has an alternative main gun scheme, that is, equipped with 10 410 mm main guns, using 1 twin gun and 2 quadruple guns, similar to the layout of the later King George V class battleships The secondary guns are configured for 12 152 mm naval guns of unknown type, installed in 6 twin gun turrets, and their layout is completely different from the conventional, located on the bow and aft decks in front of and behind the main guns, of which the bow deck is arranged side by side, and the aft deck is arranged in two rows of 4, theoretically all the secondary guns can fire on the same side when firing at a large elevation angle, but the number of secondary guns fired in a single salvo at normal engagement distance is 6; the anti-aircraft armament is 8 45 times diameter 120 mm anti-aircraft guns, using 4 double gunes. Two groups were mounted on the port of the front and rear superstructures above the main turret; the aviation armament was 1 catapult and 2 seaplanes, and the catapult was placed on top of the main turret no. 3.
■ The 45-caliber 410 mm triennial naval gun preserved in the Yamato Memorial Hall today is from the battleship Mutsu.
In terms of defense, the vine case left no details, both the armor layout and the armor thickness are undocumented. According to some sources, Fujimoto Kihisa is more inclined to the German-style comprehensive defense design, that is, in addition to the main defensive division, the side armor belt will be extended to the bow and stern direction, expanding the armor protection area, considering that he placed the secondary gun on the bow and stern, in order to protect the auxiliary shell ammunition depot and extend the waterline armor belt is also an inevitable choice, in addition, the fuji case may also use the method of refining the watertight zoning to improve the anti-sinking and enhance the indirect defense capability. The armor layout structure of fuji's case is speculated to be similar to that of the Miao High Class and Kaohsiung Class designed at the same time. According to some data, the total hull of the rattan case is about 9,000 tons, while the armor weight is as high as 15,000 tons, accounting for about 42% of the standard displacement! This figure is quite staggering, even the Yamato's armor weight is only 30%.
■ The Japanese Navy's heavy cruiser "Kaohsiung", the defense design of fujitsu is speculated to be similar to the Kaohsiung class.
The Ship Administration Headquarters case fully demonstrates Fujimoto Kihisa's innovative design style, especially in the layout of the main gun, which can be described as leading the trend, and the layout of the secondary gun is even more imaginative. Fujimoto's three-mounted triplet main gun and front two-back layout were later considered the best battleship's main gun layout, which balanced maintaining firepower, shortening the armored zoning, and controlling hull length, and was later adopted by battleships including yamato-class, lion-class, Veneto-class, and battleships from the North Carolina-class to the Iowa-class. However, when Fujimoto designed the "Kongo Generation Ship", no battleship in the world had adopted this layout. At the same time, the use of triple turrets was also the first in the design of warships in the Japanese Navy.
■ USS North Carolina of the U.S. Navy. From the North Carolina class to the Iowa class, the U.S. Navy's battleships at all levels used the same main gun layout as the Vines case.
Compared with the layout of the main gun, the layout of the secondary gun chosen by Fujimoto is somewhat difficult to understand, and the biggest advantage of placing the secondary gun at the end and end of the warship compared to the usual side layout is that it expands the secondary gun firing range, especially in the direction of the head and tail can better carry out the secondary gun firepower. However, the drawbacks of this layout are also obvious, all secondary guns are within the firing range of the main gun, which will obviously hinder the shooting of the main gun, and the explosion of the main gun will also have a serious impact on the secondary gun, even if the turret secondary gun is also difficult to ignore. In addition, placing the secondary gun at the end also necessarily requires increasing the corresponding armor protection, or extending the main armor belt to the end, or setting up a separate armor structure in the bow and stern, either option will adversely affect the armor layout and hull strength. There is also a theory that Fujimoto placed the secondary gun at the head and tail because the power compartment in the middle section of the hull was large and could not provide space to accommodate the base of the secondary gun and the ammunition depot, which is difficult to confirm due to the lack of information on the power layout of the fuji case.
■ The French Navy battleship Jean Barr had a secondary gun group on the aft deck, one of the few examples in the history of warships where secondary guns were deployed at the stern.
According to ship researcher Akira Endo, there is also an expanded record of the Fuji case, and it is planned to develop a high-speed battleship based on the "Kongo Generation Ship" after the expiration of the treaty: the hull is extended by 24 meters, a main turret is added, and four 460 mm twin main guns are used to increase the power output and the speed is increased to 30 knots, reflecting Fujimoto's foresight for the post-treaty era.
Hiraga private case
As a counter-plan in Fuji's case, Hiraga Jean can be said to be tit-for-tat everywhere in his private design, slightly better than Fuji's case in terms of main performance indicators, and at the same time, it is very different in design characteristics, and even quite different from Hiraga's previous design. According to the existing information, the basic scale and dynamic performance of the Hiraga private case are as follows: the standard displacement is 35,000 tons, the public test displacement is 39,200 tons, the full load displacement is 44,000 tons, and the total length is 234 meters. The length of the public test line is 231.65 meters, the maximum ship width is 33.53 meters, the average draft is 9.3 meters, the use of gear reduction steam turbine drive, three-axis propulsion, the main engine power of 80000 horsepower, the maximum speed of 26.3 knots, the normal state can carry 3600 tons of heavy fuel, the endurance of 9000 nautical miles / 14 knots. The Scale of the Hiraga Case is similar to that of the Fuji Case, but the main force is greater, the speed is increased by 0.4 knots, and the more special is the use of triaxial propulsion, which is the only case in the history of Japanese battleship design. However, there are also sources that show that the power system of the Hiraga case is a four-axis propulsion.
■ Side-by-side and overhead view of the "Kongo Dynasty" Hiraga private case.
The main gun of the Hiraga case used 10 50-caliber 410 mm naval guns, 1 more main gun than the fuji case, installed in 2 double turrets and 3 triple turrets, using a very rare 2-3-3-2 layout, about this main gun layout is particularly interesting, detailed below. The secondary guns were 16 152 mm naval guns, mounted in 4 twin turrets and 8 single gun profiles, of which 4 secondary turrets were located on both sides of the middle of the superstructure, 2 on each side, and the 8 gun profiles were divided into four groups in two groups, which were arranged on the sides of the front and rear main gun groups, although the firing range was limited, but the single-side firepower reached 8, which was still better than the vine case. The anti-aircraft weapons are also 8 45-caliber 120 mm anti-aircraft guns, using 4 twin guns, located on the higher portholes in front of and behind the mast. Aviation facilities include 1 catapult and 2 seaplanes, although there are also data showing the installation of 2 catapults, located on top of main turrets II and III respectively. In addition, the Hiraga case was equipped with four 610 mm underwater torpedo tubes.
■ Later generations drew a side view of the "King Kong Ship" Hiraga case.
The information remaining from the defensive design of the Hiraga case is more detailed. Hiraga was exposed to the design materials of the Nelson class during his expedition to Britain, and was deeply influenced by the British concept of centralized defense, and thoroughly implemented in the design of the "Kongo Generation Ship". In order to shorten the length of the armor defense zone as much as possible, Hiraga compressed the main turret and superstructure in the middle of the hull, which accounted for about one-third of the total length.
■ Armored structure diagram of the central hull of the "Kongo Daishiro" Hiraga private case.
The main armor belt of the Hiraga case was set inside the hull, It is 15 to 13.8 degrees inward tilt, with a thickness of 381 mm to 351 mm, and the thickness of the front and rear transverse armor next door is 381 mm and has a 15 degree tilt; the main armor belt is connected to the underwater defense armor underneath and extends all the way to the bottom of the ship, and its thickness and inclination angle are gradually decreasing, with a thickness of 335 to 89 mm and an inverted angle of 13.2 to 3.5 degrees; the main horizontal armor is arranged in the middle deck position, with a thickness of 213 mm, and a section of 299 mm thick inclined part is connected to the main armor belt; the main turret base and the commander tower side armor thickness is 483 mm; the rudder cabin side armor thickness is 457 to 127 mm 432 to 269 mm of armor was also placed around the flue. In terms of thickness, the armor protection of the Hiraga case in the key parts is quite thick, and some sources say that its defense target is immune to the attack of 410 mm Type 91 armor-piercing shells at a distance of 17,000 to 27,000 meters, and the underwater defense can resist the attack of 610 mm torpedoes and 200 kg charge mines. The weight of the armor in the Hiraga case was 13,380 tons, the displacement was 34%, and the weight of the hull structure was 11,184 tons.
■ Layout of the armored zoning of the "Kongo Dynasty Ship" Hiraga case.
The Hiraga case has several technical points worth playing, first of all, in order to shorten the length of the main defensive division and very compact superstructure layout, the upper half of its mast building is slightly forward-leaning, the chimney is greatly tilted backwards, both are in a V-shape, the purpose is to reduce the impact of smoke exhaust on the bridge, this is still an idea learned from Fujimoto, it feels a bit of a slap in the face; secondly, the main gun layout, the Hiraga case's 2-3-3-2 layout is the same as the U.S. Navy Pensacola class heavy cruiser, but it is not certain that Hiraga borrowed the American idea, Because the Pensacola class was still under construction when designing the "Kongo Generation Ship", in fact, the 1-2-2-1 mixed turret layout had been adopted on the light cruiser "Yubari" designed before Hiraga, and the "Kongo Generation Ship" case may be regarded as an upgraded version; finally, the mixed-and-match style of the secondary gun, the use of the gun contour secondary gun was later regarded as a sign of Hiraga's technical conservatism, but the author thought it was a compromise on the layout of the power compartment, based on the centralized main turret and superstructure layout, the length of the power module was only 60 meters, In order to make full use of the space, it expanded to the two sides, squeezing the space for the secondary guns in the middle of the hull, thus forcing most of the secondary guns to move towards the bow and stern, and configured in the form of a gun profile. It is worth noting that the turret secondary gun in the middle of the hull adopts a staggered piggyback layout, which expands the firing range while reducing the turret spacing.
■ Side-view and top-down view of the U.S. Navy's Pensacola-class heavy cruisers, with the same main gun layout as the Hiraga case.
The source of "Yamato"
The Fuji case and the Pinghe case have been submitted to the navy high level for study, which is a contest between two design schemes, and it is also a confrontation between two first-class shipbuilding engineers. Due to the serious lack of information in the Fuji case, we are now unable to make a comprehensive and objective comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the two, at least from the paper point of view, the Hiraga case has an advantage in the firepower of one more main gun and a speed advantage of 0.4 knots than the Fuji case, but this advantage is really weak and not enough to make Hiraga win. As for defensive capabilities, although concentrated defense became mainstream in the post-Jutland era, given the outstanding performance of German comprehensive defense design in actual combat and the indirect defensive advantages brought about by refining the watertight zoning, the survivability of the Fuji case was not lost to the Hiraga case. With the signing of the 1930 London Naval Treaty, the states agreed to extend the period of suspension of capital ships for 5 years, and the replacement period of active capital ships from 20 years to 25 years, which meant that the Japanese Navy would not be able to start new ships until 1936 at the earliest. Therefore, the "King Kong Warship" case was locked in the safe as a technical research material.
■ Battleship "King Kong" after a major refit in 1936. After the abortive of the "Kongo Generation" plan, the Japanese Navy turned to the implementation of large-scale modifications of active battleships.
The battle between Hiraga and Fujimoto continued for several more years, and finally ended in a special way. The "Tomotsuru Incident" of 1934 and the "Fourth Fleet Incident" of 1935 fully exposed the shortcomings of Fujimoto's design in terms of resilience and structural strength, and under great pressure, Fujimoto Kihisa died of a sudden cerebral hemorrhage in early 1935, and Hiraga's protégé Keiji Fukuda took over as the director of the fourth basic design, and suppressed fujimoto's supporters, who expressed dissatisfaction with the fierce destruction of data, which is one of the reasons why the information in the case of the "KongoDai" Fuji has not survived. Since then, the Hiraga faction has controlled the discourse power of the Japanese Navy's shipbuilding technology. To be fair, Hiraga and Fujimoto have their own strengths and weaknesses, Hiraga's rigor and stability are the basis for ensuring excellent ship design, and Fujimoto's innovation and change is the driving force for ship technology innovation, if they can complement each other, it will undoubtedly effectively promote the progress of Japanese naval ship technology. Fujimoto's tragedy was largely caused by the japanese navy's one-sided pursuit of combat effectiveness in the treaty era, but he did lack the courage to say "no" to the military's unreasonable demands compared to Hiraga.
■ The Japanese Navy's "Tomozuru" mine boat, which capsized in 1934, led to the loss of power of the Fujimoto faction.
Although the battle between gods and ghosts has ended, the story of the "King Kong Ship" case is not over. As the "Naval Holiday" drew to a close, the Japanese Navy restarted the study of new battleships in 1934, and Keiji Fukuda, who presided over the work, invited the retired Hiraga to participate in the design as a technical consultant, and eventually gave birth to the Yamato-class battleships, and the technical characteristics of the "Kongo Generation Ship" Hiraga case were almost all presented on the Yamato class: the defense concept of the two was in the same vein, the armored protective structure was highly similar, and the centralized superstructure layout was adopted, etc., and the "Kongo generation ship" could also be seen on the Yamato class. Traces of the Fuji case, such as the layout of the main gun of the first two and the second one and the design of half of the secondary guns along the central line, and during the design stage Hiraga suggested that the 2-3-3-2 layout be one of the choices for the layout of the main guns of the Yamato class.
■ The battleship Yamato, which is being outfitted, hiraga was involved in the design of this super battleship.
Looking back at history, the "Kongo Generation Ship" case from 1928 to 1930 was the first time that the Japanese Navy carried out technical exploration of the design of new battleships under the framework of the treaty, which was limited by the treaty, and it was impossible to improve it, but both included the ship designers' thinking about the future development trend of battleships, so it was bound to have a profound impact on the design of the Yamato class, which is also the common view of many ship history researchers at present. From this point of view, the fictional film "Archimedes" reflects at least one fact: the "King Kong Ship" case is indeed the source of the Yamato class!
■ The "King Kong Ship", which appeared in the film "The Battle of Archimedes", can be regarded as a combination of the real Fuji case and the Hiraga case.