The reading course emphasizes that in the real historical relics and environment, through the selection of different reading materials, the cultural core contained in the literary text and the humanistic time and space condensed by the historical relics are opened, and the aesthetic ideas, philosophical meanings, literary feelings, and moral pursuits hidden in the cultural relics landscape are mobilized, and the feelings and experiences of teachers and students on the humanistic core are naturally generated.
The reading materials of the reading course can be divided into five categories, which play a corresponding role in guiding, stimulating, infecting, and stimulating the inquiry of different characteristics of the reading course.
The first category is thematic books. Mainly for the big theme walk for many consecutive days. We are guided by the "big problems" of culture and history, and from the historical scene to the millennium, students are fully prepared through reading before the trip. For example, Henan is the earliest indiscriminate place of Chinese civilization and "China" territory, and the theme of Henan's walking is set as "Zhaozi China" - exploring the reasons and changes of the formation and prosperity of "China". We have chosen Mr. Xu Zhuoyun's "Treatise on Huaxia", which discusses the formation of the complex conceptual system of "China" in the four dimensions of regime, economy, society and culture. Thematic books are the basis for in-depth discussion in line reading, and need to be both popular and academic, and they must be able to cover the whole process of line reading.
The second category is poetry related to walking points. China has been a country of poetry since ancient times, and famous places around the world have accumulated the observation and understanding of poets for thousands of years, constituting thousands of miles of poetic mountains and rivers, which is the most valuable wealth. As a pearl of language, poetry is subtle and timeless, and it is most likely to stimulate students' associations, so that students can experience and think in multiple dimensions. For example, "Shu Dao Walking" passes through Jianmen Pass, we take Li Bai's "Shu Dao Difficulty" as a footnote to feel the difficulty and majesty of Shu Dao Sword Gate, and when climbing to the top of the mountain to look at the scenery inside and outside Jianmen Pass, I led students to study Lu You's "Encountering Light Rain in the Sword Gate Road", combined with Lu You's life and whereabouts, to explore Lu You's pursuit of the value of life after the label of "patriotic poet" - "This body is a poet? Drizzle rides a donkey into the sword gate". This also triggers students' resonance and thinking about their own life choices, which constitutes the reading of life.
In relatively remote areas, where there are few poems from famous poets, teachers are required to search for local celebrity works based on local history, revitalizing the "dead poems" found in the classics. For example, in "Tang And Silk Road Ganqing Walk", we found the Ming Dynasty poet Hu Miaozong who left a large number of poems in Tianshui, which inspired students to further explore the subsequent influence of the Silk Road. When walking the Five Springs Mountain, we found that the poems of Liu Erqiu, a lanzhou squire who founded a modern park in the northwest, inspired everyone to think about the role of the northwest in the process of modernization.
The third category is the biographical and diary materials of the people involved in the walk, and the biggest advantage of this kind of material is that we can immerse ourselves in the lives of historical figures and understand the living people, so that we can better understand the big problems of cultural history, which is also the essence of "humanistic walking". One central figure involved in the Hunan walk: Zeng Guofan. We read the biography "The Front and Side of Zeng Guofan", and then selected several important letters and diaries of zeng guofan, read fragments of his family letters in his former residence, and restored his good suffering of forging his soul through repeated setbacks by "looking at the clouds and thinking of relatives", so as to deeply ponder the significance of the behavior of the characters in the context of history.
The fourth category is the inscription of the Yang lian inscription at the walking site. These are not only cultural relics, but also the best texts that reveal the ideological connotation of cultural relics and stimulate the emotions of viewers, and also form a special "inscription culture" of Chinese cultural relics. Stimulating doubts and discussions by reading inscriptions is the most challenging activity of every line reading, and the condensed calligraphy text carries a rich cultural "story". For example, walking in Songjiang Drunken White Pond, we see a couplet in the "Suspicious Boat": Cangsong Qibai peeps at the color, and Autumn Water Spring Mountain sees temperament. I asked the students: Why did you choose "Cangsong Qibai" to correspond to "Autumn Water Spring Mountain"? From which landscapes can we see the spiritual pursuit of the literati? Behind the simple couplet, it can be extended to explore the background of the entire Chinese culture, hoping that everyone will understand the pursuit of the literati through the garden.
The fifth category is the calligraphy and painting works of historical figures involved in the walking. As freehand works, Chinese painting and calligraphy embodies the spiritual world of calligraphers and painters. In the former residence of Zhao Mengfu in Huzhou, Zhejiang, I led the students to appreciate the "Quehua Autumn Color Map", and asked everyone to compare the inscription of the map and think about why he did not call Jinan, but called "Qizhou", which was the title of the Northern Song Dynasty, just because the literati were so quaint? In connection with Zhao Mengfu's identity and situation, it can be speculated that he is an official, and his complicated feelings are stimulated by such a reading.
In the course of reading, the clever selection of appropriate reading materials can go deep into the historical relics, give play to the special function of reading, dialogue with the ancients and sages in the atmosphere of the historical environment, touch the thickness of history, and better achieve the goal of emotional penetration and ideological accumulation.
(The author is a teacher at the Bilingual School Affiliated to Shanghai Overseas Chinese University, the founder of Fanyang Humanities Public Welfare Forum, and a teacher at Shanghai World Foreign Chinese Middle School, who also contributed to this article)
China Teachers Daily, October 27, 2021, 13th edition
Author:Fan Yang