First, the current occurrence of diseases and insect pests
1, cotton leaf mites: since entering the middle and late June, the continuous high temperature and rainy and windy weather, the spread and spread of cotton leaf mites are very favorable; according to the survey of some cotton fields on June 20-27 of this station, the cotton fields that have reached the control indicators have been effectively controlled after two mop sprays; but there are still some cotton fields, due to improper medication and control methods, sporadic occurrences, individual heavier plots occur in spots, there are mite plant rates of 2-5%, 100 plant mites 6-11 heads, the highest single plant is 23 heads At present, the incidence of cotton leaf mites is moderate to mild and moderate to local.
2. Cotton bollworms: According to the recent survey of this site, there are 26 seeds of 26 seeds, up to 4 grains/plant, and 3 1-2 year old larvae on the edge of the ground; 3 hundreds of processed tomato plants and 0.4 heads of 1-2 year old larvae; 3 eggs in 100 plants of line pepper, 0.3 heads of 100-2 year old larvae in 100 plants; and the average egg volume of 100 plants in cotton fields is 0.2 grains. At present, the field occurrence is close to the same period last year, and the degree of occurrence is mild.
3, cotton aphid: according to the survey of this station, the occurrence of cotton aphid in the cotton field is still in the central plant and spot occurrence stage, the aphid plant rate is 0.01-0.5%, the curling plant rate is 0.003%, the current sustained high temperature and rainy weather is very conducive to the generation and migration of winged aphids.
4, blind bugs: most of the current into the budding period, some cotton fields into the budding - the first flowering period, some cotton growth is on the side, the occurrence of blind bugs is very favorable, 100 plants have 0.02 insects.
5, double-spotted firefly beetle: According to the survey, double-spotted firefly began to be harmful in the cotton field, 0.3-1 hundred plants, up to 3 heads, the insect is currently in the individual cotton field on the edge of the ground and corn field hazards.
6, cotton wilt, verticillium wilt: belongs to sporadic occurrence, according to the census, the incidence of wilt, verticillium wilt is 0.2-0.8%, the highest point of 1.5%.
7. Tomato disease: the formation rainy weather in late June and the increase in drip humidity in the field are conducive to the occurrence of bacterial spotted disease in tomatoes.
2. The situation of natural enemies
According to the survey of weeds and cotton fields on the edge of the ground, due to the recent weather influence and effective prevention and control, there is a certain impact on the occurrence of natural enemies, the number of natural enemies is relatively small, and the average number of ladybirds and grassflies is 0.3 heads /㎡.
III. Comprehensive defense recommendations
1. Cotton bollworm: strengthen the investigation of egg and insect quantity of crops such as cotton fields, tomatoes and pepper fields.
(1) When the number of 100 eggs in the cotton field reaches 6 or 2 100 larvae, 5% methamoavermectin benzoate 10 g/mu and 14% insect mites can be selected. Indaterol 18 g/mu, Keyun NPV2 g/mu, chloranthropsis benzamide 10-12 g/mu, 8000 lu/micro liters of Thuringiensis 20 g/mu, 15% indateran 18 g/mu and other pesticides control. The prevention and control period is from the end of June to the beginning of July. (2) Combined with chemical control and chemical prevention, 150-200 grams of 98% potassium dihydrogen phosphate were sprayed per mu to repel cotton bollworms to lay eggs and reduce the amount of eggs in cotton fields. (4) Cotton enters the peaking period, and when it is topped, it is necessary to take the top out of the field and bury it deeply to reduce the amount of eggs in the field. (3) When the amount of eggs and insects in the field of neon pepper, processed tomato, corn, melon and other places reaches the control index, the control of biopesticides such as indox, chlorantranilis benzamide, 8000lu/micro-liter Thuringiensis, and Koyun NPV can be selected, and the prevention and control time is from June 26 to July 3. (5) After the wheat is harvested, it should be ploughed in time to reduce the number of insect populations.
Note: Covon NPV should be administered on cloudy days or after 19.00 pm, because strong light is easy to cause damage to karyotype keratinous virus and affect the efficacy.
2. Cotton leaf mite: strengthen the investigation and prevention of cotton leaf mite in cotton field. The prevention and control of cotton leaf mites has reached the most critical period, and the two committees of each company have instructed the staff and workers to thoroughly prevent and control the cotton fields that have not been completely prevented before the topping out, so as to control the spread and spread. The application agent is 14% insect mites. Indoxavir suspension agent, avermectin emulsion, methyl vitamin salt, 34% spironite suspension agent, 20% ethanazole suspension agent control, the use of specialized acaricides, egg killing, nymphs and adult pesticides combined, and pay attention to the alternating use of pesticides. The prevention and control method adopts the spray control on the back of the hanging spray leaf to ensure the effectiveness of the prevention.
3. Cotton aphid: strengthen the investigation and prevention of cotton aphid in the field. Since mid-June, climatic conditions have been very favourable for the spread of cotton aphids. When the central plant or leaf roll and oil are found to be picked in time, when it occurs in the field, general prevention is carried out; the application agent can choose to use pesticides such as acetamiprid, imidacloprid, 25% praydazone and other pesticides to prevent its migration and spread hazards, and it is strictly forbidden to use broad-spectrum pesticides.
4, cotton blind bugs: late June to early July is the cotton blind bugs into the cotton field as a critical period of harm, when the mouth of 100 insects reaches more than 1, or the victimization rate of 2%, should be timely prevention and control; especially for cotton growth is on the side, or close to the alfalfa field, you can choose to use acetamidine, methyl vitamin salt and other pesticides to control.
5. Double-spotted firefly nails: In late June, double-spotted firefly nails began to enter the cotton field and corn field; therefore, we should pay close attention to its development dynamics, strengthen investigation, reach the control indicators, and immediately select pesticides such as acetamidine and methylphenidine salt for prevention and control.
6. Processing tomato disease: bacterial spot disease can be prevented by 20% copper thiacill 500-700 times liquid (80 g-100/mu), or can be killed 1500 times to prevent; fungal diseases can be prevented by bacillus qing and daisen manganese zinc 800 times; umbilical rot disease is sprayed with 60 g/mu/time foliar fertilizer at the early stage of flowering and fruiting, and sprayed for the second time at intervals of 10-15 days.
7. Grape disease: powdery mildew is controlled by pesticides such as glutazole, nitricosole and pyrimidine ester; downy mildew is controlled by downy mildew hydrochloride, enoyl morpholine, frost urea and other pesticides; foliar spraying of Cobo when fungal and bacterial diseases occur at the same time. Foliar fertilizer is sprayed with peaches, or 0.3%-0.5% borax and 0.2% urea aqueous solution to prevent falling flowers and fruit fall and stone grapes.
8. The secretary of the company should personally grasp it, and the "two committees" of the company should be responsible for inspecting the prohibited pesticides in a timely manner, strengthening the supervision of the pesticide market, and using pesticides safely. Guide workers to standardize the use of pesticides, strictly prohibit the use of highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides prohibited by the state, strictly investigate counterfeit, shoddy, and unqualified expired pesticides entering the market, and harm farmers; promote high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue, and environmentally friendly pesticides, and put an end to the occurrence of indiscriminate use and abuse of pesticides. It is strictly forbidden to use highly toxic and high residue pesticides such as organophosphorus and permethrin in cotton fields. Eliminate the occurrence of drug hazards, eliminate potential safety hazards in a timely manner, and ensure that no safety accidents occur.
Author: Yin Jianhua, Source: 142 regiment of the Eighth Division Disease and Insect Monitoring and Reporting Station, Graphic Editor: Tianshan Plant Protection, please indicate the source when reprinting!