Fine wool sheep breeding technology and precautions
First, the choice of breeding site
When raising fine wool sheep, the sheep barn is best built in a place that is convenient for grazing, which can save costs and is also beneficial to its growth. Its requirements for the sheep house are not high, and the ventilation is good, which can cover the wind and rain.
Second, the breeding management of fine wool sheep
1. Breeding management during the breeding period. Breeding rams in the breeding period, in order to ensure that there is a good breeding condition and breeding ability in the breeding season, 1 to 1.5 months before entering the breeding period, the nutrition of the breeding ram should be strengthened, and on the basis of general feeding management, the supply of refined feed should be gradually increased, and the proportion of protein feed should be increased, and the amount of feeding should be 60% to 70% of the standard of the breeding period. During the breeding period, daily feeding of mixed concentrate 0.8 to 1.5 kg, carrots 1 kg, salt 15 g, bone meal 10 g, an appropriate amount of green hay. After the end of the breeding period, the main thing is to restore physical strength, increase fat and regain strength, and the diet standard and feeding system should be gradually transitioned, and cannot change too much.
2. Breeding management during the non-breeding period. Breeding rams in the non-breeding period should be supplemented with sufficient protein, minerals and vitamins in addition to adequate heat energy. Feed 0.5 kg of mixed concentrate, 0.5 kg of carrots, 10 g of salt, 5 g of bone meal every day, and meet the supply of high-quality hay.
3. Breeding management of fine wool sheep and ewes. (1) Feeding management in the first trimester of pregnancy. In the first 3 months of pregnancy, the fetus develops slowly, the required nutrients do not increase significantly, and the management should avoid eating frost grass and moldy feed, do not drink ice water, and prevent the ewe from running violently to avoid miscarriage. (2) Feeding management in the third trimester of pregnancy. During the second 2 months of pregnancy, the fetus develops very quickly, and 90% of the nascent weight is completed at this stage. In order to ensure the normal development of the fetus and to store nutrients for postpartum breastfeeding, the feeding management of ewes should be strengthened. For ewes producing lambs in winter and spring, on the basis of grazing, 0.3 to 0.5 kg of mixed concentrate, 0.5 kg of carrots, 10 g of salt, 5 to 10 g of bone meal and an appropriate amount of high-quality hay should be supplied every day, so that the weight of the ewe will increase by 170 to 190 g per day. For ewes producing autumn lambs, in addition to strengthening grazing, a small amount of mixed concentrate and salt, bone meal, etc. should be appropriately fed according to the physical condition.
4. Breeding management of lambs. The rearing management of lambs should pay attention to the feeding of lactating ewes, the rearing and management of lambs.
(1) Lamb feeding pre-feeding management. From birth to 2 months of age is the pre-lactation stage of lambs. After the lamb is born, the lamb is first allowed to eat the colostrum, the colostrum is the milk that the ewe first secretes after lambing, it is rich in nutrients and antibodies such as protein and fat, has anti-disease and laxative effects, and plays an important role in enhancing the constitution of lambs, resisting diseases and excreting meconium. If the lambing ewe dies unexpectedly, it should also try to let the lamb eat the colostrum of other ewes, the motherless lone lamb should find a good nanny for it as soon as possible, apply milk or artificial milk supplement feeding to the lack of milk lamb, pay attention to temperature, feeding amount, time and hygiene, and do not feed corn paste and millet porridge, otherwise the lamb will cause diarrhea due to the lack of enzymes to digest starch.
15 days after the lamb is born, the lamb is trained to feed to promote the development of the anterior stomach and increase the source of nutrients. The lambs are separated separately and fed into a crushed mixture of feeds, and green hay and salt bricks are always prepared for free feeding, while ensuring adequate drinking water.
In short, during the lactation period, the sheep house should be kept dry and clean, and the bedding grass or dry soil should be often laid. The temperature in the house should be maintained at about 5 °C, and the temperature of the enclosure is too high or too low, poor ventilation or thief wind attack, which will cause a large number of lamb diseases. At the same time, lamb sports fields and supplementary feeding grounds should also be cleaned every day to prevent lambs from eating dung and scattering wool.
Third, fine wool sheep breeding precautions
1. Mainly grazing, appropriate amount of supplementary feeding. In addition to taking advantage of the seasonal advantages of summer and autumn to get out early and return late to grasp the situation, it is also necessary to work the breeding management of autumn, winter and spring. First, insist on preparing enough forage feed for spring and winter off-season every year; The second is to store enough concentrate and feed appropriately. According to the number of ewes of the right age each year, each one will be fed 20 to 30 kg of refined grain per year, and the supplementary feeding object will be inclined to the breeding ram, pregnant sheep and weak sheep until the sperm is cut off after changing the green; The third is to graze with the herd. That is, when grazing, people do not leave the flock, and adopt the grazing method of reincarnation grazing and use in pieces; The fourth is special feeding for individual sheep. After entering the winter, the sheep with poor physique are only selected and fed in the centralized house to prevent death caused by spring fatigue. After recovering from physical fitness, they return to the group to live together; Fifth, reasonable mixing of feed, scientific feeding. Do not feed rotten mold and feed with soil, adhere to the principle of "three knives of grass, no material is also fat", cut the forage as short as possible to about 2 cm. At the same time, do less to add diligence, first coarse and then refined.
2. Select the best and look for the inferior, and update the sheep herd structure year by year. In addition to the long-term insistence on leaving the mother in the production process, we should focus on eliminating sheep with low production performance and poor mother litter, ensure that the ewe of the right age accounts for more than 59%, so that the sheep structure tends to be reasonable and optimized; And do a good job in the introduction of breeding rams and the selection and breeding of juvenile rams, and insist on replacing breeding rams once every 3 years.
3. The ram is optimized and combined to achieve full matching. Breed selection is the key to improving the quality of sheep populations. Xinjiang-type Chinese Merino sheep and Australian-containing rams can be used to scientifically select and match local ewes, so as to achieve excellent (male) and excellent (female) to achieve full matching.
4. Breed with childbirth, and raise good lambs to raise young children. Specific methods are: (1) for the ewe in the late stage of pregnancy lamb growth and development and postpartum milk lamb nutrient consumption caused by more problems such as fat loss, in the first month of lambing 1 month to feed the sperm 1.5 to 2 months, so that the ewe can recover as soon as possible after childbirth, enrich the milk feeding lamb; (2) in the lamb age of 15 to 20 days to learn to eat grass should be patched for 1 to 1.5 months, to meet its growth and development needs, can increase the weaning weight by 15 to 20%.
5. Do a good job in the prevention and control of epidemic diseases. In the spring and autumn, we should do a good job in immunization of foot-and-mouth disease, sheep four-seed disease prevention (bacteria) seedlings, and exorcism of parasitic diseases in sheep. It is also necessary to prepare common veterinary drugs, and find that sheep are only abnormal and timely drug treatment, so as to eliminate the disease in the bud.