Hello friends, I am the headline number author @ Yuanmu Tianshan, since the registration of the headline number has rarely published articles in their own professional field, I feel a little unprofessional. In the future, I will share with you some of my experience in my professional field, and I hope you like it.
Today, I would like to introduce you to a ternary hybrid production model in terms of meat and sheep breeding.
There are three sheep breeds that need to be used in this three-way hybrid production mode that I want to introduce, namely Kazakh sheep, Huyang and Suffolk sheep.
First of all, let us briefly introduce these three sheep breeds.
Kazakh sheep: one of the three original breeds of coarse wool sheep in China, mainly distributed in Xinjiang, advantages: resistant to rough feeding, strong resistance to stress. Disadvantages: meat production capacity is average, fertility is average, and the proportion of body fat is relatively high.
Lake sheep: native to the Taihu Plain region of China, is China's first-class protected local breed, with early ripening, four seasons of estrus, good performance of multiple fetuses, good motherhood and other advantages. Disadvantages: Poor adaptability to dry and cold winter climate in Xinjiang, and easy to infect Mycoplasma pleuropneumonia.
Suffolk sheep: Native to the United Kingdom, it is the world's recognized meat sheep terminal hybrid father breed. It has the characteristics of early maturation, fast growth, good meat quality and high reproduction rate. Disadvantages: Breeding sheep prices are high, and the climate adaptability to Xinjiang is relatively poor.
According to my many years of work experience, the following experiences have been formed.
1. In the 1980s and 1990s, Xinjiang (mainly concentrated in the Shihezi area) introduced Huyang from the interior in large quantities, and at that time, due to infectious Mycoplasma pleural pneumonia, the loss was heavy, which was mainly related to the poor adaptability of lake sheep to the dry climate of Xinjiang, and there was no mycoplasma infectious pleuropneumonia vaccine to be vaccinated at that time. After more than 40 years of domestication, the lake and ocean have been able to adapt well to the climatic conditions of Xinjiang. Moreover, now that the mycoplasma pleuropneumonia vaccine in sheep has long been widely used, the disease can no longer pose a major threat to lake sheep.
2. The peptide trait of the lake sheep belongs to the high heritability trait (heritability is as high as 0.9), and its offspring, regardless of male and female, carry polypeptide genes that can be stablely inherited. In 1986, some people used the introduction of hybridization methods, using lake sheep as the father, Chinese Merino sheep as the mother to carry out hybridization experiments, the ewe herd reproduction rate reached 260%, and then began to locked breeding, until 2014, the breeding rate of the flock can remain at about 160%.
3. According to my research, a farmer in Yining County, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, uses Suffolk sheep as the father, and hybridizes with Kazakh sheep, fine wool sheep and other breeds, and its descendants, six-month-old baby rams weigh 7-8 kg more than purebred Kazakh sheep and fine wool sheep small rams of the same month age. Farmers achieve an increase in income between 150 yuan and 200 yuan per animal.
Based on the above experience, I propose the following meat and sheep ternary hybrid production mode for your reference.
The first step: a small number of purebred lake sheep breeding rams are introduced from the Shihezi area as the father, crossed with the local Kazakh sheep and ewes, all the male lambs are fattened and sold, and the ewes are retained.
The second step: introduce breeding in Xinjiang, introduce a small number of Suffolk rams, and cross with huha generation ewes. Most of the male lambs are fattened and sold, and a small number of seed retention and Lake Hassan triple hybrid offspring ewes carry out closed breeding, strengthen breeding, and concentrate the ideal individual breeding of the advantages of the three varieties to carry out breed selection.
Analysis: The Huha generation produced by the first step of hybridization can obtain the multi-fetal gene of the lake sheep, and the second step of hybridization can obtain the good meat performance of the Suffolk sheep. Through this ternary hybrid production mode, it can achieve a higher reproductive rate and a better meat production capacity, which can greatly increase the economic income of farmers. In addition, in the Shihezi area, where the amount of lake sheep breeding is large, the hybridization scheme can be slightly adjusted, that is, the first step of hybridization can choose purebred Kazakh sheep as the father, the lake sheep as the mother to carry out hybridization, and then its offspring can be crossed with Suffolk rams.
The above ternary hybrid production mode is for reference only, please ask peer experts to put forward more valuable opinions, criticism and correction.