——Speech at the symposium on the publication of "Big Country And Small Village"
Dear leaders, experts and comrades,
Good morning, everyone!
Eliminating poverty, improving people's livelihood, and gradually realizing common prosperity are the essential requirements of socialism and also the important mission of the Communist Party of China. At the important moment when the overall victory in poverty alleviation and the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization are comprehensively promoted, we gathered together to discuss the effective connection between consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, and witnessing the publication and distribution of the book "Big Countries and Small Villages" together, which is timely and of great significance. On behalf of the Provincial Rural Revitalization Bureau, I would like to take this opportunity to express my warm congratulations on the successful publication of this book! I would like to express my high respect to the expert team led by Dean Chen Wensheng! I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to all sectors of society who have long been concerned about Hunan's poverty alleviation and rural revitalization work!
Research on the anti-poverty in rural China, especially the poverty alleviation model of the eighteen-hole village, the first place of targeted poverty alleviation, has been a research hotspot in the academic community in recent years. Over the years, because of work, I have traveled to Eighteen-Hole Village dozens of times, traveled throughout the villages, and have a better understanding of the development and changes of Eighteen-Hole Village, and a clearer understanding of the experience mode of Eighteen-Hole Village, especially after reviewing and reading books, movies, feature films, documentaries, song and dance dramas, albums, exhibitions and other works about Eighteen-Hole Village, each work has been from different angles, different levels or interpretation, or record, or describe the development and change of Eighteen-Hole Village and the success of the "code". For example, at the end of last year, jointly planned by the Propaganda Department of the Provincial Party Committee and my unit, the book "Standing Here and Storing Photos" published by Hunan People's Publishing House, through the selection of poverty alleviation files and stories of 24 poor households in Eighteen-Hole Village, objectively, directly, truthfully and clearly presents the operation process and actual effects of precision poverty alleviation, which is highly praised by the national ministries and commissions, and is considered to be very innovative, historical and readable.
Therefore, when I first received an invitation to participate in the symposium on the publication of "Big Country and Small Village", I had a rough idea that this was just another "fried cold rice" for the poverty alleviation changes in the Eighteen-Hole Village. However, to my surprise, when I received the book and tried to read it, I was immediately deeply attracted to it, completely impressed by the wisdom of the scholars. For the first time, from the perspective of sociology, the book conducts a systematic study on the practice and effectiveness of poverty alleviation in Eighteen-Hole Village, which has a very high academic rationality, thinking and practice. Reading through the whole book, I think there are three main characteristics, one is based on detailed data and literature, carefully summarizing the main practices, practical creations and basic experiences of accurate poverty alleviation in Eighteen-Hole Village, and making important contributions to telling the story of poverty alleviation in Eighteen-Hole Village and even the whole country; the second is to pay attention to the organic combination of theory and practice, showing the great achievements and great spirit of poverty alleviation in all directions and from multiple angles, reflecting the inherent requirements and basic laws of poverty alleviation in poor areas, and enriching the research on poverty alleviation models The third is a rigorous and scientific discussion of the shortcomings of the eighteen holes and the risk of returning to poverty, which provides intellectual support for consolidating and expanding the results of poverty alleviation and effectively linking with rural revitalization and achieving common prosperity.
Specifically, it is mainly reflected in the three aspects of "new, refined and deep":
The first is "new" and novel perspective. The book breaks the traditional narrative mode and for the first time comprehensively shows the poverty alleviation process of eighteen-hole villages based on a sociological perspective. First of all, in the chapters of the whole book, there are mainly six chapters such as poverty alleviation task force, industrial change and economic reconstruction, village governance, Miaozhai culture, Miaozhai social structure, and Miaozhai environment, which shows that it is not limited to studying specific individual changes such as the development of industries in the eighteen-hole village, the improvement of infrastructure and the improvement of the villagers' material living standards, but from the reshaping of the social structure, the change of the governance model and other higher national macro perspectives, which also fully explains the changes brought by precision poverty alleviation to the eighteen-hole village. It is an unprecedented and fundamental social development change, and an all-round change in the social and demographic structure, family structure, interpersonal structure and governance structure of the village. Secondly, in the specific parts of the book, the relevant theoretical concepts and research indicators are first interpreted in detail, which makes the research of the whole book extremely problematic and logical. For example, in the part of industrial change and economic restructuring, the author first pointed out that industrial cultivation and experience reconstruction are the material basis and core content of rural reconstruction, throwing out a series of forward-looking viewpoints such as factor integration, power activation and ability cultivation, and then studying the specific practice of the eighteen-hole village in the industry, reflecting the scientific and integral nature of the industrial policy design of the eighteen-hole village, fully demonstrating the compatibility of the formulation and implementation of the eighteen-hole village policy with the local environment, which can be said to be the best interpretation of the word "precision".
The second is "fine", accurate analysis. Through years of hard work, China has completed the goal of poverty alleviation in the new era as scheduled, and under the current standards, 98.99 million rural poor people have all been lifted out of poverty, 832 poverty-stricken counties have all been removed from the hat, and 128,000 poor villages have all been listed, which has historically solved the problems of absolute poverty and regional overall poverty, created a human miracle that stands in the annals of history, and made outstanding contributions to the development of global poverty reduction and human development and progress. This battle can be described as unprecedented in human history, the largest intensity, the largest benefit to the population, so these years, at home and abroad has been constantly exploring the successful magic weapon of China's poverty alleviation, as the first place of precision poverty alleviation in the eighteen-hole village, the changes in these years are a step of a thousand years, not only to achieve from the deep poverty Of Miao Township to the well-off demonstration village "gorgeous turn", but also to become the world's well-known precision poverty alleviation "historical landmark". An in-depth study of it has undoubtedly opened a window for the outside world. It is precisely the book "Big Country and Small Village" that carefully studies the eighteen-hole model, and summarizes the model and law of China's poverty alleviation and prosperity from the development and changes of this village, and interprets the institutional logic of how the "Chinese miracle" is created from the micro level of reality. For example, in the chapter of the Poverty Alleviation Task Force, the eighteen-hole village-based task force distilled the spirit of "three batches" of bold loyalty, the work style of wearing stars and wearing the moon, and the will to fight to cut through thorns, which embodies "after the political line is decided, cadres are the decisive factor" and fully demonstrates the political superiority of China's socialist system in being able to concentrate its forces on major events. In the chapter on the social structure of Miaozhai, the population structure, interpersonal relations, marriage and family, social life, etc. are analyzed, supplemented by a large number of empirical cases, which fully proves the complexity and uniqueness of China's rural areas, and also fully explains the importance of "seeking truth from facts, adapting to local conditions, categorical guidance, and accurate poverty alleviation" in the process of poverty alleviation.
The third is "deep" and far-reaching influence. General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that poverty alleviation is not the end, but the starting point of a new life and a new struggle. After winning the battle against poverty and building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, on the basis of consolidating and expanding the results of poverty alleviation, we must do a good job in the big article of rural revitalization, and continue to promote the development of poverty alleviation areas and the improvement of the people's lives. Promoting rural revitalization in a large country with a population of more than 1.4 billion is a great initiative of no one before and no one after, and there is no ready-made experience that can be copied and copied. Only by drawing lessons and lessons in the process of poverty alleviation, grasping the law of historical development, seizing the opportunity of historical change, and proceeding from reality in everything can we take the road of rural revitalization with Chinese characteristics. Combing and summarizing the governance experience and development path of poverty alleviation in Eighteen-Hole Village is of great significance to consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. The successful experience of the eighteen-hole village, the shortcomings and weaknesses, and the risks related to returning to poverty summarized in "Big Country and Small Village", such as pointing out that the industry may be difficult to sustain, the protection of serious diseases is not effective, the employment situation is not good, the ideological decline, etc., which is of strong enlightenment significance for us to study how to develop and expand rural characteristic industries in poverty alleviation areas after poverty alleviation, promote stable employment of poverty alleviation population, and ensure stable and sustainable poverty alleviation. In particular, the reflections on village governance, the evolution of family authority and public authority, the diversified governance model that integrates autonomy, rule by virtue and rule of law, the new changes in the relationship between township administration, county government and village governance, etc., as well as the specific practice of the Eighteen-Hole Village Poverty Alleviation Task Force in the cultivation of governance talents, the management model of mutual assistance and the improvement of the level of governance informatization in order to enhance the ability of village-level governance, provide a model and sample for effectively promoting rural governance in the context of rural revitalization. For example, at present, we are actively promoting the construction of beautiful villages, and we have been thinking about how to explore a development path that meets the actual conditions of various places. The Miaozhai environment chapter in the book, the thinking and cases about the eighteen-hole village in terms of village style "demolition or non-demolition", "traditional style or modern style", "means of living or means of production", etc., give us a good answer. And so on, these are of great practical significance and promotion for us to promote rural revitalization, realize agricultural and rural modernization, and achieve common prosperity.
In general, the book "Big Country and Small Village" embodies the solid academic foundation and realistic academic attitude of experts and scholars, and shows everyone's enthusiasm and deep feelings for the work of the "three rural areas", which is thoughtful, profound and valuable, and is a rare and superior work, worthy of study and recommendation. The next 30 years will be an era of comprehensively promoting the strategy of rural revitalization, and it is a more promising and promising era, and I hope that all experts and scholars will continue to work tirelessly and contribute their infinite wisdom to rural revitalization. Our rural revitalization department will fully cooperate and do a good job in service. Thank you!
(The author is the deputy director of the Hunan Provincial Rural Revitalization Bureau, and the author of the article is a speech at the Seminar on Effective Connection between Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization and the Publication Symposium of "Big Countries and Small Villages" held by the China Rural Revitalization Research Institute of Hunan Normal University on October 16, 2021)