The owner does not like fangfang, this person is a typical double standard! But her words are very suitable for the novel that Shao Dongjia wants to share today.
There is such a writer, when he won the Nobel Prize in Literature, because of domestic public opinion, forced by various pressures to refuse to accept the award, until thirty years after his death, his son did not accept this honor.
There is such a work, which has not yet been published and is banned, and can only be published in other countries by smuggling, and once it comes out, it will become a bestseller.
This writer is Pasternak, and this work is Doctor Zhivago.
Doctor Zhivago is Pasternak's only novel, the crystallization of his later years and a summary of his life's work. The novel sparked decades of heated debate in the Soviet Union and the world literary scene, bringing him glory (winner of the 1958 Nobel Prize in Literature) and disaster (published in his home country 28 years after the author's death).
This autobiographical novel, narrated from the perspective of a doctor named Yuri Zhivago, is set against the backdrop of the October Revolution in Russia and depicts the turbulent decades in Russia, spanning from the beginning of the twentieth century to the end of the forties, through the Tsar, World War I, World War II, and the Soviet Revolution.
The protagonist Zhivago is not only a doctor who saves lives and helps the injured, but also a doctor of the soul - through the protagonist's encounter, we can see the bumpy fate of a generation of Soviet Russian intellectuals.
However, in the eyes of the Soviet government at the time, the story of this big country and small people was entirely a challenge and blasphemy against the great Soviet power, and the publication of this book was strictly prohibited.
The depressed author had no choice but to send the manuscript to Italy and successfully published it, which immediately caused a great sensation, many people learned about the mysterious Soviet Union behind the curtain of the Cold War by reading "Doctor Zhivago", and the author won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1958.
For Pasternak, the Nobel Prize in Literature, which writers all over the world dream of, is the beginning of a nightmare, forced by domestic pressure, Pasternak refused to accept the prize, and he was also slandered as a "vicious literary snob", criticized and banned at the national level, and carried the crime of "literary poison" for life. His life also plummeted, and he eventually died of illness at home, and his wife and children were sentenced to imprisonment.
In 1959, the year after Pasternak won the Nobel Prize in Literature and the last year of his life, he wrote in a poem:
What a crime have I committed?
Am I a murderer, or a villain?
I'm just making the whole world
All weep for the beauty of my hometown of Russia.
Pasternak became the only writer in Nobel prize history who not only did not receive honor for his award, but instead incurred humiliation and disaster.
But time proved the greatness of literature and the fragility of power, and in 1988 this masterpiece was published for the first time in Russian.
Pasternak is still read and remembered by future generations today, and he no longer has to fear his creativity and conscience.
If you lived in Russia in the first half of the 20th century, you would experience a social change rarely seen in human history: yesterday it was the Tsarist rule, today it was the bourgeois regime that came to power, a few months later the Bolsheviks overthrew the bourgeois government, then the White Guards restored, then they were wiped out – followed by the New Economic Period, the great transformation of all the propertied classes and intellectuals. In the "purge" campaign, your friends and neighbors are taken one after another, and you don't believe that they are really foreign spies, but they are still shot directly, or lucky enough to be locked up in a labor camp and temporarily left alive... In the midst of such turmoil and fear, you will wonder how the Russians (especially the weak intellectuals) survived.
The thick two-volume "Doctor Zhivago" unfolds for the reader a picture of the era as deep and vast as the land of Russia: Zhivago, a young surgeon from an intellectual family, served in the Tsarist army during the First World War, saw the cowardice and incompetence of the Tsar and the corruption of the old army, and the clever mind foresaw the maturity of the revolutionary forces, expected the revolution to bring new life to the country and the people, and supported the new regime with positive actions. When Zhivago first read the news of the victory of the revolution in the newspapers, he exclaimed to himself: "What a superb surgical operation!" All of a sudden, I cleverly cut off the sores that had been smelling for many years... A feat that has never been done before is a miracle in history. ”
However, the harsh realities of the civil war and the subsequent implementation of the new regime's subsequent policy made this honest and upright old intellectual, deeply suspicious and fearful of violence and totalitarianism, under great pressure in a dual life of force and system.
Another important thread of the novel is the tortuous love between Zhivago and Lala, which is also the most moving chapter of the novel. Lala's suffering is a symbol of the baptism of suffering suffered by Russian women, and the love between Zhivago and Lala is a self-sacrificing, self-sacrificing love. Although Zhivago knew that Lara was, as he himself put it, "a traumatized person", he still selflessly loved her, and the deeper their relationship, the more concerned they were on each other's happiness.
Zhivago praises the simple and quiet Russian qualities and aspires to live his life quietly and do meaningful work; and this ideal of life, and his difficult and beautiful love affair with Lara, is ultimately not tolerated by the harsh reality.
The figures who surrounded Zhivago and had varying degrees of influence on his character and destiny included his uncle and caretaker, the lay priest Vegenyav, his father-in-law, the chemist Gromiko, his half-brother Yevgraf, and his childhood friends Gordon and Dudorov, with whom he had always been friends. Through the perspective of this group of different types of intellectuals, a vivid silhouette of that ever-changing historical era is outlined.
In the first half of the book, you can see the most moving place of a young man - passion and ideals, Zhivago is determined to be a doctor of the soul! However, in the second half of the volume, fate suddenly reversed, he was forcibly recruited into the army, and in the Tsar's army, he was accustomed to corruption and incompetence. He pitied the people at the bottom and looked forward to a new force, like a scalpel, to dig out the foul-smelling pustule, remove the crux of the country, and give people a new life. However, after the change, he witnessed more atrocities, blood and death in shock, and fell into a deeper struggle...
He was confused and withered, and the only thing he could do was to preserve his goodness and integrity. It is gratifying and painful that Zhivago did not change his yearning for life until his death, always looking forward to a more beautiful sun tomorrow. Even if anxiety and confusion follow, they still show their persistent pursuit of a better future.
Dr. Zhivago is just an ordinary person, and he does not become a so-called "hero" until the end of the story. In fact, Dr. Zhivago has also become synonymous with "a certain kind of person" - they are not heroes, they have not done earth-shattering things, but in the choice of extreme conditions, they show sincerity and kindness that are not afraid of the world, and they are in difficult situations without despair, and they can always rise up some attachment and faith.
It has been said that the fate of Dr. Zhivago represents the prevailing conditions of intellectuals in that complex and turbulent period in Russia. Their lives and destinies are full of suffering and irreparable shortcomings, lives are disrupted by war, ideals disappear because of revolution, and love is bitter because of reality. They exhausted their youth in times of suffering, and the beautiful spirits that came with fear were destroyed in times of national troubles.
Suffering is not terrible, irreparable deficiencies can be forgotten over time, exhausted youth can be inherited by the next generation... The terrible thing is that while the sufferings of the times given to the big people are borne by the small people, the creators of these sufferings admire the beauty of the world.
Those who die are only the numbers, those soldiers who die, the wounded medical workers, the ordinary people who sacrifice are just a grain of ashes of the times. Sadly, their sacrifice created the full moon in the mouth of the big man but could not enjoy the quiet good years that should have belonged to them.
Pasternak wrote the book, and he simply felt it his duty to document the real times with fiction. In the face of people's livelihood and suffering, he showed a special kind of kindness and warmth and humanistic persistent exploration in literature. The book can be said to be a kind of review of the history of Russia in the early 20th century from a unique perspective in the post-war years, and covers his reflections on this historical process.
The literary background of heavy suffering cannot hide the brilliance of human nature.
Sharing here, shao dongjia remembered a quote from Lennon, and ended with it:
When I was five years old, my mother told me,
The key to life is happiness.
After going to school, people ask me what I'm going to do when I grow up.
I wrote "happy".
They told me that I had misunderstood the subject.
I told them that they understood life wrong.
This article was first published in [Wisdom Hourglass Less Owner], more exciting, welcome to pay attention!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="72" > "Doctor Zhivago" eBook Available in today's headline private message "Zhivago"! </h1>
Author: Shao Dongjia, an interesting soul
Starlight does not ask passers-by Time pays off