Ancient Reading: Commentary on the Original Text of Jia Kui Qinxue The main significance of the translation is to appreciate the main significance

"Jia Kui Qinxue", from the "Collected Notes, Volume VI, Later Han", by Wang Jia, tells the story of Jia Kui, a famous classicist and astronomer of the Eastern Han Dynasty, who was clever and studious when he was young. It's a human story that affects the environment.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > original text</h1>

Jia Kui (1) is five years old, and Ming Hui (2) is outstanding. The wife of his sister Han Yao , who married Yao without heirs ( 3 ) , and returned to Yan ( 4 ) , was also known as Zhenming ( 5 ) . Reading in the neighborhood, hugging the fence and listening to it. Kui Jing listened silently, and her sister thought she was happy. At the age of ten, he secretly recited the Six Classics (6). My sister said, "My family is poor, and I haven't tried to get started with the teachers, and Ru'an knows that there are "Three Graves" and "Five Classics" (7) in the world, and recites endless sentences?" Kui Yue: "I remember my sister hugging between the fences and listening to my neighbor's reading, and now I will not leave one behind." "In the court of the stripping of the mulberry skin is thought to be 牒 (dié) (8), or inscribed on the title screen (9), and the recitation and remembrance, the period (jī) year (10), the scriptures are all over the place. In (lǘ) (11), every observer is called Yun zhen gu wu lun (12). Disciples come to learn, not far away (13), or qiǎng (14) descendants, who are sacrificed on the side of the door, and all dictate scriptures. Donors accumulate millet and surplus. Or Yun: "Jia Kui is not the result of hard cultivation, and the tongue is tired of chanting, and the so-called tongue cultivation in the world is also (15)."

< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > comment </h1>

(1) Jia Kui (30-101): Eastern Han Dynasty classicist and astronomer. His father, Jia Hui, studied the Confucian scriptures with the scholar Liu Xin and succeeded his father in his father's business, serving as a waiter and a left lieutenant.

(2) Hui: Through "wisdom", smart.

(3) No heirs: childless.

(4) Returning to the house: returning to the mother's house to live, which refers to being abandoned by the husband because of childlessness.

(5) Known as Zhenming: He is praised for being able to keep the festival and be smart.

(6) Secret recitation: silent reading. The Six Classics: "Poetry", "Book", "Yi", "Ritual", "Music", "Spring and Autumn". "Music" has long been lost.

(7) "Three Tombs" and "Five Classics": According to legend, they are all ancient book titles, which refer to ancient classics in general.

(8) 牒: Bamboo chips and wood chips for writing.

(9) Title screen: written on the door leaf and screen.

(10) Period year: one year.

(11) Lu Li: Lane. Lu, the door of the lane.

(12) Zhengu: Since ancient times. Unmatched: Unbeatable.

(13) Not far away, not far away.

(14) Negative: Tie the child on the back with a cloth strap.

(15) Tongue farming: relying on teaching to maintain a living, instead of farming.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > translation</h1>

When Jia Kui was five years old, he was very smart. His sister was Han Yao's wife, and after marrying without children, she was returned to her mother's house by Hugh, and she was also praised for her chastity and cleverness. Hearing the neighbor's reading, she held Jia Kui every morning and evening across the fence wall to listen. Jia Kui listened quietly and did not speak, and her sister was also happy.

By the time Jia Kui was ten years old, he would be able to recite the Six Classics. My sister asked Jia Kui, "Our family is poor, and we have never had Mr. Teaching enter our house, so how do you know that there are ancient books such as "Three Tombs" and "Five Classics" in the world and can recite them without missing a word?" Jia Kui replied, "I remember that in the past, my sister held me in the fence and listened to the neighbor's family reading, and now I still remember everything without missing a word."

At the age of ten, he peeled off the bark of the mulberry tree in the courtyard and used it as paper to write, sometimes writing on the door leaf and the screen, so that while reading and remembering, after a year's work, the text of the scriptures was all understood.

In the streets and alleys of his home, whenever people saw him working hard, they praised him for being unparalleled in ancient times. Later, many students came to him for advice, some did not travel far, some carried their children to live near his door, and Jia Kui taught them the scriptures one by one. The students gave him some grain as tuition, and the accumulation was filled with granaries. Someone said, "Jia Kui's grain was not obtained by cultivating his own land, but by speaking in the scriptures with a dry lip." It is what the world calls for farming with tongue. "

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > appreciation</h1>

Jia Kui was a famous scribe in the Eastern Han Dynasty. This article records the story of his early childhood study, and paints for us the image of a clever and diligent little prodigy.

This description of Jia Kui's diligent study is very distinctive, he is different from the "sac firefly chiseling wall" and "hanging beam thorn strands" like hard reading, his learning is "listening". Five-year-old Jia Kui, held by his sister morning and evening across the fence to listen to his neighbors read. In this way, by the age of ten, he was able to secretly recite the Six Classics. Later, he wrote what he heard on doors, screens, and mulberry bark, and took notes while silently reciting them, and after a year he could recite all the Confucian classics. A child from five to ten years old, it is the age of not playing enough, but he can listen to, recite and remember the Confucian classics - poetry, books, yi, rituals, music, spring and autumn, and can do "everything without leaving one behind", which can really be described as diligent and hardworking, and intelligent.

In the process of narrating Jia Kui's diligent study, the dialogue between the sister and brother is interspersed, making the writing vivid and not rigid.

The end of the article is an evaluation and praise of Jia Kui, through the account of "disciples to learn, not far away, or to bear the burden of descendants, sacrificed to the side of the door", to praise the incomparable learning of Jia Kui. The last stroke is the result of his diligent study.

Jia Kui, a famous scholar of the Han Dynasty, was brilliant from an early age, which was of course a very good condition, but the reason why he could become a very learned person was that he was eager to learn. Regarding this spirit, the text is also very vivid and specific, such as: "It is the stripping of the mulberry skin in the court, or inscribed on the title screen, and the recitation and recording, the period of time, the scriptures are all over the place." "The side descriptions of these stories are very successful.

<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the main meaning</h1>

Jia Kui's sister liked to listen to the sound of reading from the neighbor, but she had to bring her brother, so she held the five-year-old Jia Kui and listened to it together. Unexpectedly, Jia Kui did not cry or make trouble, so Jia Kui's sister was very happy. When he was ten years old, Jia Kui was already able to recite the Six Classics, and his sister was very strange and did not know how he learned it. So Jia Kui told about his sister holding him and listening to people reading, when he was already learning. His diligence and studiousness are influenced by his sister's studiousness and the studiousness of his neighbors. Later, he began to open his doors to teach scriptures, and the students replaced the tuition with grain, and the grain donated to him filled the granary. Therefore, some people say that he is not cultivating with physical strength, but is what the world calls "tongue farming". "Tongue farming" usually refers to making a living by the tongue, such as teaching and storytelling. The allusion uses example sentences - Song Sushi's poem "Sending Cheng Jianyong": "Mr. Ben tongue cultivation, the text is vast." Yuan Zhang Zhihan's "For Guo Qian'an Shou": "Tongue cultivation for thirty years, do not save the room hanging rock." The second seventh time in "Mirror Flower Edge": "Although Ling Lang entered the Gate of The Dragon Gate, although he is currently engaged in tongue cultivation... Do you know that Ling Lang is not united with Jie Jie? "It's also a metaphor for being diligent in reading.