Wang Wensu's "Treasure Book of Arithmetic", because of his unknown origin, luckily escaped the catastrophe of the Great Purge of The Jesuit forces and culture.
The full name of the "Treasure Book of Arithmetic" is "New Collection of Ancient and Modern Arithmetic Treasure Book", which is divided into 12 books and 42 volumes, with nearly 500,000 words. Written by Wang Wensu, completed in the third year of Ming Jiajing (1524).
(Note this year, Ricci was born 28 years later, and Xu Guangqi was born 38 years later.) ）
The Yongle Canon was written in 1408, and the Arithmetic Treasure Book was written after the Yongle Canon, so it was not included in the Yongle Canon, and fortunately it was not included in the blacklist of the Great Purge.
Before Xu Guangqi's forces controlled the imperial court, the Treasure Book of Arithmetic was obliterated in the dazzling light of Daming technology because it was too low-end. "For four hundred years I have not seen any bibliography of collectors or public or private books..."
Lucky.
The background of the Book of Arithmetic has the following characteristics:
(1) Wang Wensu was born in a family of Confucian merchants in the Jin Dynasty, only a small businessman, and his name is unknown.
(2) Wang Wensu regards the study of mathematics as a personal hobby and has been obsessed with it all his life.
"Half of the Burrow is looking for a mysterious reason, and the spiritual platform is a little mysterious"
"How many people in the world know this?" , quite a bit of "sub-fish, the joy of knowing the fish?" "The taste. From this, it can be seen that he has reached the realm of pleasure in inviting him to swim in the ocean of mathematics.
Wang Wensu spent 30 years - "The history of the inscriptions contained in the various books, one by one, deep and far-reaching, detailed study and deduction, what they should be described, those who are wrong to change, those who are complicated to delete, those who are missing to make up for it, those who are chaotic to rationalize, and those who are broken." Compound multiplication and removal of sketches, positioning styles, opening of square performances, shortcuts into techniques, compiled into humble songs, notes with vulgar interpretations."
With the serious spirit of "blowing open the pores to find defects, so that the broken heart machine can find the original flow", the new collection of tokens, the original Source, Yu Ming Jiajing in the third year (1524) completed [42 volumes of more than 300 tips], [more than 1200 questions] and "12 volumes of more than 300 questions in the form of poetry", a total of "more than 1500 questions" [nearly 500,000 words] of the mathematical masterpiece.
Here are three questions:
[A] Is Wang Wensu studying science?
[B] Is Wang Wensu a "scientist" in the Western concept?
[C] Is there no science in ancient China?
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(3) "Arithmetic Treasure Book" is the full name of "New Collection of Evidence Ancient and Modern Arithmetic Treasure Book", which is a collection of scattered examples of folk arithmetic, collation and supplemental mathematical theory, and collection of "folk self-study works" ,——- which is not the same as the formal works of the imperial court scholars ——- the original official cultivation of the dynasties.
Wang Wensu was an ordinary person, and he could not access the classic works in the imperial court's literature library! Compared with Xu Guangqi, who was a cabinet sub-assistant, a rebbe Shangshu, a scholar of Wenyuange University, and a treasure trove of imperial court documents, he was even more different from the world.
It's just a [folk fan's work] ----- but it's been passed down.
And Xu Guangqi's "treasure house of formal literature" ----- mysteriously disappeared...
----- as the Jesuits began to "send advanced science" from barbaric Europe——- mysteriously disappeared.
----- includes a complete set of original copies of the Yongle Canon and a full set of chart materials for Zheng He.
----- immediately after that, Europe began to have an encyclopedic array of scientists, the explosion of science and technology, and the great voyage!
----- and China, in the era of Xu Guangqi, with nearly a million tons of 055 great ships, drove the Ming Dynasty and sensibly destroyed the fleet! The sea is forbidden. It's not a fan, it's sensible, it's a good thing.
-----after the people of later generations have implemented the sea ban "no sails to the sea" in zhu di yi ~hou, this "later" is the most clever word I have ever seen, and there is no one.
Zheng He's treasure ship: 44 meters long and 18 meters wide (that is, 146.67 meters long and 50.94 meters wide) - equivalent to the 055 largest drive in the world today. And that year there were 62 ships! Together with the other four types of ships, the entire fleet is more than 240 ships.
——- and what Columbus's "fleet" looked like:
The Columbus Expedition Fleet consisted of santa Maria, Pinta, and Nya, of which Santa Maria was the flagship of the Columbus expedition fleet. Santa Maria [displacement 120 tons], length [23.66 m], width [7.84 m], draft [1.98 m]. The [three] ocean-going galleons of the Columbus Expedition have a total of [87 crew members], some of whom are prisoners released from their cells..."
(More than a hundred years after China banned the sea and destroyed the fleet to free up the sea for the West, the information of the "Spanish Armada" that blew into the sky was full of stories told by liberal arts students in the clouds, as if they were deliberately circling around to avoid data such as size displacement.) The legend of more than 50 meters does not know whether it is true or not. ）
(4) As a civilian, Wang Wensu easily collected a vast number of stage achievements of his predecessors in the folk. It proves that he is in an era where science and technology flourish in all directions, a hundred flowers bloom, and the achievements of predecessors can be seen everywhere. ——— compared with the "ignorance of the people's livelihood and the ingenuity of arithmetic" after the Jesuit forces sent "advanced science" to China, it is obviously two worlds.
The Treasure Book of Arithmetic did not "appear" in the world before and after Matteo Ricci Xu Guangqi took control of the imperial court, as well as during the Manchu Qing dynasty, which was full of Jesuit power.
After its completion of the book ,"For four hundred years, there were no bibliographies of collectors or public or private books, and during the Republic of China, the Beijing Library found a Lange manuscript in the old bookstore and was able to enter the collection.". It is precisely because of the lack of fame for 400 years that the folk masterpieces of mathematics in the Ming Dynasty [at the lowest level] have been made clear to the world.
Yes, it is precisely because the "Treasure Book of Arithmetic" is too low-end that it has not entered the eyes of the flourishing Daming scholars, thus escaping the catastrophe of Chinese culture brought about by the Jesuit forces in the corner.
Here's a look at one of the "Treasure Books of Arithmetic":
"...The study of vertical and horizontal diagrams (now also known as magic squares) that study the arrangement and combination of numbers in the Treasure Book of Arithmetic, such as the serial diagram, the miaoluo diagram, the three-with-six variable diagram, etc., is far more complex than that of Yang Hui of the Song Dynasty and the Cheng Dynasty of the Ming Dynasty, and even in the Qing Dynasty, the classical Chinese mathematical books we know are unique, and can also be called the most in the history of Chinese arithmetic..."
Why is it unique? Why is China the best in history? Where did the folk go?
“...... The three-dimensional illustration of the book adopts the positive isometric method commonly used in modern axonometric methods, so that the interaxial angle of the three axes is two or two times 120 degrees, which is the earliest work to use this advanced method in the illustration of Chinese arithmetic books, and has been praised by Professor Zhao Qinghuan, consultant of the Beijing Engineering Drawing Society..."
“...... The addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, square and other operations from simple to complex in the book are completed with abacus, or many of the calculation methods, steps, and recipes are specially compiled for abacus, and are called The first abacus book in China by abacus experts..."
"...The Treasure Book of Arithmetic is an applied mathematics book, and the examples in the book are based on the reality of social life at that time. In addition to the original title of the ancient title, the book has all kinds of price information on rice, wheat, cotton, horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, aya, Luo, hemp, silk, ginseng, safflower, etc. in the circulation of social commodities at that time, and there are many economic historical materials such as ship fees, foot silver, military salaries, taxes, and tax rates, and there are also more accurate distances and other information on the road from Qin to Yan, which is almost the same as today. It can be said that the "Treasure Book of Arithmetic" records the commercial, humanistic, geographical, political, economic and other aspects of the society at that time, and is an extremely precious historical material for us to understand and see through the society of the Ming Dynasty..."
The genius scientists flying all over the west can be calculated without applying the problem! 现实中没有实例对吧？ Is the complete denial of ancient Chinese science because of plugging loopholes without application questions?
"...The Treasure Book of Arithmetic can "pay attention to the evidence" of the mathematical works and folk algorithms and arithmetic problems seen at that time, and clearly point out the fallacy of the original book..."
This shows that mathematics was so popular at that time.
On the basis of the token, the "Treasure Book of Arithmetic" "multiplication, multiplication, and division of drawings, positioning styles, opening of square performances, and shortcuts into techniques." The "hanging positioning without a trace, with positive translation from the opening side" mentioned in the collection poem, is a portrayal of its academic superiority and algorithmic superiority.
The "Treasure Book of Arithmetic" studies the numerical solution of the univariate high-order equation, which is detailed and valuable, which fully shows that the numerical solution of the univariate high-order equation, the Tianyuan technique, and the tetragrammatony were not completely lost in the Ming Dynasty. The terminology and calculus program used by Wang Wensu in the solution are basically consistent with Song and Yuan mathematics, and have developed and innovated..."
The mathematics in the book is all-encompassing and profound, and here are just a few simple insights:
⚠️ Wang Wensu's method of solving the higher-order equations is more than 200 years earlier than that of Horner in the United Kingdom and Ruffini in Italy.
⚠️ On Solving Algebraic Equations, he was more than 140 years ahead of Newton and Lafson.
⚠️ For the "derivatives" that appeared during the founding of calculus in the 17th century, they had long been widely used in the folk before Wang Wensu collected them in the 16th century.
⚠️ The "Kaifang Origin Diagram" in the "Arithmetic Treasure Book" has unique characteristics of the ancient Chinese mathematical tradition, and similar figures abroad are first seen in the book "Integer Arithmetic" written by the French mathematician Stifier in 1544, which is 20 years later than the "Arithmetic Treasure Book" and is not complete enough----- copy is incomplete!
Another little thing to add: in 1544, the French language was not yet invented.
Please pay attention to one important point, the key point, the key point: this is a work of "collection" by ordinary people after tea and dinner, due to their personal hobbies. The key word is "collecting, folk, low-end" ——— is not creation!
It is precisely because it is low-end enough, humble enough, and the content is popular enough that no one cherishes it! Only escaped the cultural catastrophe.
What really happened in that history?
What do we think is happening in the West?
What's still going on right now?
Newton who doesn't speak English
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