Some people say that Qianlong is the luckiest emperor in the world, why do you say so?
In 1711, he was born with a golden key in the palace of Prince Yong in Beijing, which was already fifty years since the Kangxi Dynasty, and the world had long been stable. Because of his talent and intelligence from an early age, he was particularly favored by the Kangxi Emperor and his father Yongzheng.
In 1736, when he succeeded to the throne at the age of 26, he was a young man, and he did not encounter a powerful courtier like Aobai, nor did he experience the bloody rain of the fratricide of the nine sons, and he became the sixth emperor of the Qing Dynasty very smoothly.
He died in 1799 at the age of 89. Although he nominally reigned as Emperor Taishang for four years and reigned for only 60 years, he actually reigned for 64 years, making him the longest-reigning and longest-lived emperor in Chinese history.
He has not experienced major disasters and serious illnesses in his life, his body has always been very healthy, when he took over the throne, the treasury was full of world stability, and he went to Jiangnan six times in his life, enjoying all the wealth in the world. Even in his later years, he did not bother or bother with the issue of heirs.
From 221 BC, when Qin Shi Huang unified the world, when he first created the title of emperor, to the abdication of Emperor Xuantong in 1912 AD, there were a total of 408 emperors in Chinese history, and their average life expectancy was 39 years. Some of them died of illness, some died of exhaustion, some were killed by the rebellion of their subjects, some were poisoned by their powerful ministers, some were poisoned by eating the so-called elixir for immortality, and some were tortured to death by prisoners of the enemy country, and so on. Therefore, the emperor of ancient times was actually a high-risk profession.
Qianlong film and television drama diagram
In contrast, Qianlong was indeed very lucky, and this luck also gave him enough time and stage to give full play to his ability to govern the country. In addition to the forty thousand oil poems he left behind were complained about by many posterity, he actually made a very great contribution to the Qing Dynasty and even future generations in terms of expanding the territory, and it was these merits that made Qianlong in his later years think that he had "ten perfect martial arts" in his life when he summed up himself, and began to call himself "ten perfect old man". So what exactly is the "Ten Perfection Martial Arts"?
Battle of The Great and Small Jinchuan
During the Qing Dynasty, Jinchuan was now Jinchuan County and Xiaojin County in Aba Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, which was then known as Dajinchuan and Xiaojinchuan. In the early years of Qianlong, the great and small Jinchuan rebellion, Qianlong sent troops to quell the rebellion, which lasted two years for the rebels to surrender, and the first counterinsurgency was successful. More than 20 years later, The Great and Small Jinchuan rebelled against the Qing, and Qianlong once again sent troops to quell the rebellion, and finally won after five years of bloody battles.
Qing Army film and television drama map
Pacify Dzungar
The war between the Dzungar regime in the northwest and the central government of the Qing Dynasty lasted intermittently for more than 70 years, through the three generations of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. In 1755, Qianlong took advantage of the civil unrest in Dzungar to attack Ili and then defeated the Dawaqi army. In 1757, amir Sana's rebellion was put down. By 1758, the Qing Dynasty fully controlled the northwest, which was nearly 1,000 years after the Western Regions returned to the rule of the Central Dynasty of China, in order to commemorate the new return of the homeland, Qianlong renamed the Western Regions xinjiang.
Calm down the chaos of size and excellence
In 1757, in the twenty-second year of Qianlong, the Brothers Huo Jizhan, the leader of the Baishan faction of the Hui department in Xinjiang, launched a rebellion. The following year, Qianlong sent troops to quell the rebellion, and more than a year later, The Great and Small and Zhuo soldiers fled west in defeat and were later captured and killed. For more than sixty years, there was no major turmoil in Xinjiang, and the Qing Dynasty reached its peak.
The Burmese War
In 1762, the twenty-seventh year of Qianlong, Burma invaded the Yunnan region of China, the Qing army counterattacked in self-defense, and the Qing-Burma War broke out. At the beginning of the war, the Qing army once defeated the Burmese army near the Burmese capital, and was later forced to retreat due to running out of food. When retreating, it was surrounded by 50,000 main forces of Burma, and the qing army behind the palace fought a bloody battle, and the main force took advantage of the night to withdraw smoothly along the path. In the following years, the two sides fought many major wars until 1769, when burma surrendered, and the Qing army recovered the land occupied by Burma during the Ming Dynasty.
Suppress the Lin Shuangwen Uprising in Taiwan
In 1786, the fifty-first year of Qianlong, an anti-Qing peasant uprising led by Lin Shuangwen broke out in Taiwan. Subsequently, Qianlong sent troops to suppress it, and by the beginning of the first month of 1788, the Qing army attacked in many ways and defeated the rebel army, and Lin Shuangwen was captured and taken to Beijing and executed, thus ending the counter-rebellion.
Painting of the ancient peasant revolt
Battle of Annan
In 1788, in the fifty-third year of Qianlong, the Nguyen clan of Annam (present-day Vietnam) overthrew the Lê clan and usurped the state, and Annam was a vassal state of the Qing Dynasty, which was tantamount to challenging the clan system. Qianlong immediately sent sun shiyi, the governor of Liangguang, to lead 8,000 troops to ann nam, and captured its capital (present-day Hanoi, Vietnam) in only 20 days, the Nguyen clan fled, and the Lê clan was restored.
Two battles against the Gurkha
The Gurkhas were tribes that ruled Nepal, and in 1788 they invaded the Tibetan region of China, and Qianlong dispatched troops to conquest, and as a result, the local officials privately negotiated peace with the Gurkhas and lied to the imperial court that the lost land had been recovered. As a result, three years later, the Gurkha invaded Tibet again, and Qianlong immediately sent Fukang'an, Hailancha and other leaders to fight, and recovered the lost land in May of the following year. Subsequently, the Qing army crossed the Himalayas on an expedition to Nepal, and the troops approached its capital, Kathmandu, and the Gurkha surrendered as a vassal.
Himalayas
At this point, it is not difficult to understand that the Original Qianlong Emperor relied on the fact that he had accumulated 10 major counter-rebellions or foreign wars during his reign and won the final victory, believing that he had "ten perfect martial arts" in his life, so he called himself "the ten perfect old men".
The Industrial Revolution had already broken out in the West during the Qianlong Period, but the Qing Dynasty still implemented a policy of closing the country to the outside world, which gradually opened up the gap between China and the West in some key technical fields, which laid the groundwork for China's military defeat in the Opium War decades later and even the humiliation of the century, and many posterity complained about it. However, we cannot deny that during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, he opened up the territory and expanded the territory, made important contributions to the final laying of the territory of the Qing Dynasty, and made important contributions to the unification of China's multi-ethnic country, and its influence was far-reaching. What are your thoughts on this?
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