Introduction: Speaking of flower and bird paintings, we can't help but say Huang Tsuen. Because the five generations of flower and bird paintings are all based on the "Huang family system". Guo Ruoxu of the Northern Song Dynasty said: "The Huang family is rich and noble, Xu Xiyeyi." He also pointed out that the paintings of the Yellow School are mostly forbidden to write rare birds and birds, strange flowers and strange stones, with a neat pen, and the color is magnificent. This school of painting, with a thin ink line hook out the outline, and then filled in color, the so-called "hook filling method". Later generations rated it as "hook and color, the purpose is rich".
Sketching Rare Birds
In the "Picture Seeing and Hearing Zhi" and "Yizhou Famous Paintings", it is recorded:
Five generations of painters are the most important in Sichuan and Jiangnan. At that time, the Later Shu lord Meng Chang established China's first royal painting academy in Chengdu——— Hanlin Painting Academy, which was the first of its kind in China. The painter Huang Quan kaizong lipai, gathered eight fang danqing holy hands, and became a courtyard body worker brush painting school.
The Hanlin Painting Academy in this passage can be said to be the first royal painting academy in China in the true sense. The painters in the academy enjoyed similar treatment to those of civilian officials as "Hanlin". The main task of the academy was to depict portraits and lives of emperors and nobles. Therefore, whenever there is a major event, there are painting masters to depict and record. In short, it is the royal painter who eats official meals.
Pulsatilla
When it comes to the Hanlin Picture Academy, it is impossible not to mention Huang Quan, the originator of the Chinese Academy of Painting.
Huang Xiao was the most famous court painter in the Western Shu period of the Five Dynasties, and he was good at painting with the sketching method, that is, drawing the outline of the flowers and birds painted with thin ink lines, and then filling them with colors, mainly coloring, giving people a feeling of rich craftsmanship. At the same time, he loves famous paintings of exotic grasses, rare birds and animals, which have the meaning of wealth and auspiciousness.
cockchafer
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="11" > the first painter of the Royal Academy of Painting in Chinese history</h1>
Huang Quan (黄荃), also known as Uncle Huang, was a Painter of the Western Shu Dynasty. Not only is he the founder of the 'yellow body' in Chinese flower and bird painting, but also the first real royal painting academy painter in Chinese history, and the Chinese academy painting school he created is one of the two major schools parallel to literati painting, occupying half of the history of Chinese painting for thousands of years.
Huang Quan was born in a family of official eunuchs, at the age of 13, he studied with Diao Guangyin, after formal training in the academy, flower and bird painting progressed rapidly, and four years later, at the age of 17, he officially entered the Royal Academy of Painting.
Northern Red-tailed Plover
Huang Quan worked in the court academy early and spent his whole life in the academy, so the materials, colors and expressions of his paintings were all influenced by the aesthetic taste of the court.
Gorgeous and noble is the basic style pursued by Huang Tsuen's creation, and in Huang Tsuen's works, from the selection of subject matter to the specific expression of painting, it is extremely luxurious, and therefore deeply loved by the rulers.
On the day that Later Shu's former lord Meng Zhixiang ascended the throne, he made Huang Quan the post of Hanlin Touzhao, and within a few years, he also sealed wen Hanlin's picture academy and gave him a purple gold fish bag.
cicada
After the Later Shu lord Meng Chang ascended the throne, he also loved Huang Tsuen's works very much, and sealed Huang Quan as an internal worship of the Imperial Counselor, who was rewarded during his tenure in the painting academy, and finally became a deputy envoy of Rujing.
According to Guo Ruoxuan's "Pictorial Insights":
When Zhang Shilang went to Chengdu, China, there were still Meng's national day screen room pictures, all of which were painted by Huang Quan.
Grey starling
Huang Quan relied on his own skills and was good at doing what he liked, so that he was constantly appreciated by the rulers, so that he could serve in the court painting academy for forty years. And has been affirmed and appreciated, not only that, his son Huang Jubao, nephew Huang Juyu, have been introduced into the painting academy.
At this point, the entire court painting academy, the Huang family clan became the mainstream, so that the painting style of "Huang Family Rich" was widely known.
"Spring Poultry Album"
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="65" > modern sketching technique of "Liutang Polyfowl Picture Scroll"</h1>
Huang Quan is a relatively comprehensive painter, he is not only skilled in various painting techniques, with superb painting expression ability, but also good at speculating on the aesthetic orientation of the ruler, to his liking, so as to win everyone's appreciation.
Although Huang Quan has a fairly high status in the academy and can influence the painting style of the entire academy, he cannot influence the aesthetic taste of the ruler and the entire nobility, and it is equally difficult for him to escape the fate of pleasing the ruler.
Part of "Liutang Gathering Poultry Picture Volume"
The aesthetic taste of the court always requires that the picture should reflect Ruiqi and Guiqi, as a court painter, Huang Quan naturally takes Ruiqi and Guiqi as the highest pursuit, so that precious rare birds and precious flowers and plants have become the preferred subjects of his paintings.
For example, Huang Quan's work "Liutang Gathering Birds Picture Scroll" collected by the Yale University Art Museum depicts a variety of exotic flowers and plants and precious rare birds in the form of hand-scrolled composition.
All the animals and plants in the whole painting are outlined with extremely thin lines with soft colors, and the lines and colors are integrated, and there is almost no ink sketching, and the mood is vivid and vivid.
In the painting of hibiscus, Huang Tsuen outlines the shape of the petals of the hibiscus and the interspersed structure of the branches and leaves in extremely delicate lines, and then fills in. In the process of dyeing, he used painting steps similar to those commonly used in modern brush paintings, such as sub-dyeing, unified dyeing, and hood dyeing, and expressed the fullness and warmth of the petals very well.
In the portrayal of the chicken in the picture, the painting step of this kind of painting is more obvious. At the same time, it should be emphasized that although Huang Quan in the picture shows an ordinary domestic chicken, he is unusually noble in his picture. Especially the, the exaggerated elongation of the neck and legs, suddenly appears high and imposing, coupled with the rich color of the yellow tsuen, the usual domestic chicken is also suddenly noble.
The whole picture is outlined with extremely thin and light ink lines to outline the structure and outline of the object, and strive to be "realistic", and then use a thin color of three alum and nine dyes to dye the structural relationship of the object and the overall effect of the picture.
In the layout of the whole picture, the size of the animals is properly arranged, the plants are interspersed with ranks, and in the arrangement of colors, the rich colors correspond to each other, staggered, full of rhythm and rhythm.
In general, each animal in the picture is depicted very precisely and subtly, and is impeccable according to modern perspective.
Part of "Snow Bamboo Bird Diagram"
epilogue:
"Yizhou Famous Paintings" says that "realistic, its wonderful is more than that".
Precision, subtlety, and ornate are in line with the ruler's aesthetic orientation, so huang Tsuen's meticulous, neat, and nuanced expression is not unrelated to catering to the ruler's aesthetic orientation.
It was also his pleasure that caused him to be "extremely new and fine with his pen, no ink, but dyed in light colors", which was appreciated by the rulers.
——END