Guangming Daily reporter Wang Yizhao Guangming Network reporter Hao Yue
Economic growth is inseparable from scientific and technological innovation and talent support, and high-quality development is inseparable from the insistence on "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains". The Third Central Forum on Xinjiang Work pointed out that development is an important foundation for Xinjiang's long-term peace and stability. In the past year, Xinjiang has continuously expanded its economic scale, guarded the ecological environment, and "retained" and "retained well" talents in colleges and universities, laying a solid foundation for high-quality development.
Economic growth has an "innovation engine"
PetroChina Karamay Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Ke petrochemical") is located in the Junggar Basin, and the refining conditions are unique to outsiders. But the company knows that some of the oil here is of poor quality and will corrode the equipment when refining. In the face of the problem, gram petrochemical is innovation-oriented and solves the corrosion problem of naphthenate. In 2012, Ke petrochemical won the first prize of national science and technology progress with the project of "research and development and industrialization application of high-end product technology for the production of naphthenic heavy oil".
Since 2020, Ke petrochemical has implemented a hierarchical management system for scientific research projects, carried out 28 key scientific research projects throughout the year, developed 13 new products and new processes throughout the year, and realized industrial production. Since the Third Central Xinjiang Work Forum, 30 key scientific research projects and 84 technical research projects have been carried out, and breakthroughs have been made in key scientific research work such as the industrial application of crude oil decalcification and the research on chemically modified Karamay asphalt.
In the Tacheng area of Xinjiang, there is a special pasture, which abandons the traditional shed breeding method, but the breeding scale has reached 30,000 cattle, becoming the largest single stock in the country. It is Hualing Sannong Grassland Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd.
Here, rows of simple fences divide the cattle's dwellings. According to Cao Hui, the technical leader of the enterprise, the traditional breeding shed circle costs a lot, and after the use of fence culture, the fixed investment is reduced to one-tenth of the traditional. At the same time, the fence has good air permeability, which effectively reduces the incidence of infectious diseases. The business also uses ground silage. "This way of working can use funds to the blade, increase investment in breed improvement and feed nutrition, and directly act on cattle." Cao Hui said.
Each cow here wears an electronic ear tag, which records its birth weight, body fat measurement and other information in detail, and even the parents of the cow can be found through the ear tags. The herd regularly passes through the electronic channel of automatic weighing, and the information in the ear tag is updated accordingly.
In Turks County, Ili, Xinjiang, science and technology have become the lifeblood of agricultural development. The local sunshine is abundant, with 2730 hours of sunshine throughout the year, which has the unique location advantage of the development of the forest fruit economy. In 2009, a company called Turks Jianfeng Agriculture and Forestry Technology Co., Ltd. settled in, gradually creating an ecological cycle industrial chain of "one fruit, one medicine and one poultry". "The big cherries, astragalus and traditional Chinese medicine health chickens in the industrial chain are inseparable from the support of the university research team all the way." Li Junmin, the head of the enterprise, said that the planting technology of large cherries is high, and astragalus is a variety introduced from other places, and the local planting is "unsatisfactory to the water and soil". In order to solve these technical problems, the scientific research teams of many universities such as Northwest A & F University and Ningxia University have plunged into the field to find the cause and come up with a plan. "It took 8 years from planting to fruit hanging, and it can be said that experts have seen it leaf by leaf in the orchard." Li Junmin said.
Today, the big cherry is about to enter the full fruit period, and the yield of one mu is 1.5 tons, at a price of 50 yuan per kilogram, which will produce extremely considerable economic benefits. Astragalus has also completed adaptive cultivation, yielding up to 800 to 1000 kg per mu. The annual profit of traditional Chinese medicine health chicken reached 4.2 million yuan, driving farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich. Yang Xiaofeng, a breeder at the company's health chicken farm, said: "I have been working on the farm for two years, and now I can earn 5,000 yuan per month, not only to pay off the debts of the previous failure of entrepreneurship, but also to buy a car and a house in the county." ”
Ecological protection "feeds back" the economy
As part of the Series of World Natural Heritage Sites in the Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang, the Karachun Grassland in Turks County, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture is extremely rich in biodiversity. In recent years, based on the priority of environmental protection, the place has actively practiced the concept of "green water and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains", and the ecological dividend has been released.
According to Yang Jian, secretary of the party group of the Turks County Forestry and Grassland Bureau, a series of ecological protection measures have been adopted, including banning grazing, rotational grazing, fallow grazing, exchanging large livestock for small livestock, improving the breeds of livestock, and increasing publicity and raising the people's awareness of ecological protection. Through these measures, the grassland ecology has been restored, the traditional animal husbandry has gradually shifted to tourism, and farmers and herdsmen have been freed from heavy labor and achieved poverty alleviation and income.
Villager Durathi Kizili Khan, a member of the Horse Team Cooperative, said that there are currently 160 people in the cooperative, of which 120 are poor households in Lika, and their annual incomes reach 25,000 to 30,000 yuan through activities such as horseback riding with tourists.
In The village of Dingjige in Qingdeli, Bole City, Xinjiang, a bumper harvest of golden corn is in sight. Different from the traditional tillage mode, the 2200 mu of corn field here adopts no-till technology, and the straw is no longer cleaned before cultivation, and the links such as ploughing, leveling and rake are missing, and the complete set of operations of trenching, fertilization, sowing and soil covering is completed at one time.
Jiang Guiju, senior engineer of Bole Agriculture and Rural Bureau, introduced that the corn straw in the previous year was evenly covered on the surface of the farmland, which not only solved the problem of straw treatment, but also eliminated the use of mulch film, avoided land pollution, effectively reduced planting costs, and improved mu yield. In 2019, the average yield of corn in Bole City was 960 kilograms per mu, which was more than 100 kilograms higher than that of conventional mulching cultivation. "Conservation tillage is conducive to improving our agricultural ecological environment, achieving medium-seeding and medium-breeding, and truly achieving sustainable agricultural development." Jiang Guiju said.
In order to achieve green agriculture and sustainable development on a larger scale, the local government has begun to promote conservation tillage. Zhang Guijin, a large local planter, said: "In 2019, I still have doubts about no-till technology, so I first tried to plant 100 mu, and when harvesting at the end of the year, I found that the corn planted by no-till technology has good wind resistance, less disease, high fertilizer utilization rate, and higher yield per mu, so the second year directly adopts no-tillage." ”
This year, Bole City first sowed 30,000 mu of no-till corn, and plans to achieve no-till technology in the city's 200,000 mu of corn planting within 3 years.
"Good way out" allows talent to stay
Long Junwen, 21, a student at the Karamay campus of China University of Petroleum (Beijing), embarked on a journey to Xinjiang in 2018 from Sichuan. After graduating next year, he signed an early contract with the ethylene plant of Xinjiang Dushanzi Petrochemical Company and is about to become an oil man rooted in Xinjiang. "My parents also supported me to learn more about the frontiers of the motherland." He said. In the past 3 years, the beauty of Xinjiang has made Long Junwen linger, and what makes him even happier is that he has found the job he wants. In July 2020, when the Karamay Campus of China University of Petroleum (Beijing) welcomed the first batch of graduates, the students also received a reply letter from General Secretary Xi Jinping, hoping that the vast number of college graduates across the country would have high aspirations, be down-to-earth, bravely shoulder the mission of the times, and integrate their personal ideal pursuits into the cause of the party and the country. "I hope that in the future work, I can take root in the frontier of the motherland and do more meaningful things." Long Junwen said.
Long Junwen is not a "minority" among Xinjiang university students; on the contrary, in other universities in Xinjiang, such examples abound. Among the graduates of Shihezi University in 2020, 54.94% chose to take root in Xinjiang and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. In the entrance education of new students, Shihezi University actively organizes students to visit patriotic education bases such as the Monument to Premier Zhou and the Museum of Military Reclamation, and fully integrates red culture into the whole process of student education and teaching. In the graduation season, it provides "one-on-one" guidance for graduates and accurately promotes more than 20,000 positions in enterprises and institutions of the Corps. At the same time, we will increase policy incentives, continue to implement projects such as "three branches and one support", the western plan, and special teachers, and jointly set up the "Shicheng Employment Award", "Huyang Employment Award" and "First Division Employment Award" with the First Division, the Third Division, and the Eighth Division, etc., and issue more than 2.44 million yuan of settlement awards and more than 600,000 yuan of employment incentives, guide graduates to settle in the Corps, find employment, and start a business, continuously enhance the willingness of graduates to stay in Xinjiang for employment, and increase the typical incentives for graduates who have stayed in Xinjiang.
Guangming Daily ( 2021-10-09 03 edition)
Source: Guangming Network - Guangming Daily