In 1644, Li Zicheng, the king of the city, led an army to break through the gates of Beijing, and the smoke in Beijing also announced the collapse of the Ming Dynasty that had existed for 276 years. When the country was destroyed and the family died, Emperor Chongzhen of MingSizong left a last word that "the son of heaven guards the gate of the country, and the king dies in the society", and then hangs himself on the coal mountain, and the last orthodox emperor of the Ming Dynasty fell.
According to the History of the Ming Dynasty. According to the Biography of the Kings, the Chongzhen Emperor had seven sons in his lifetime, of which all four sons died prematurely, except for the crown prince Zhu Cijiong, the Ding king Zhu Cijiong, and the Yong king Zhu Cihuan (Zhu Cihuan).
On the day that the king's army broke through the city, the desperate Chongzhen Emperor personally killed his two daughters, but in order to leave a trace of incense for the Zhu clan, he did not kill his sons. He called his three sons to him and instructed them to change into civilian clothes and be escorted outside Beijing by his eunuch Xiao Maozi. Just as the third son was about to leave, Chongzhen looked at them and said, "Once you have the opportunity in the coming day, you will definitely undertake the great cause of restoring the country." ”
Unfortunately, the chongzhen emperor's good wishes eventually turned into bubbles, and his three sons who escaped from heaven did not bear the heavy responsibility of restoring the shame of the country, but disappeared after the change of Jiashen and evaporated in the human world. In April of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen, the Qing army entered the customs. A strong sense of national belonging and national pride has made many Central Plains Han people have the ambition of "opposing the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty".
At this time, people remembered the three former princes who disappeared after the change of Jiashen, and although these three princes had not been traced for many years, it was certain that the three sons of the Chongzhen Emperor were indeed still alive. So during the Kangxi Dynasty, dozens of anti-Qing rebellions occurred throughout the country under the banner of "Third Prince Zhu".
In the twelfth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Wu Sangui, the king of Pingxi, raised an army against the Qing Dynasty and claimed to "support The Third Prince of Zhu to ascend to the throne.", which came out of the "Third Prince of Zhu" throughout the country who could no longer suppress the fanaticism in their hearts and rose up to respond to the call. Among them, Yang Qilong, a big in Beijing, is the most fanatical.
In December of the twelfth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Yang Qilong, calling himself the "Third Prince of Zhu", colluded with the nomads in Beijing and the Eight Banners rebel slaves in the name of "anti-Qing and restoration" to form a team of nearly a thousand people, and these "rabble-rousers" planned to set fire to the capital, but in the end this "terrorist attack" was declared bankrupt due to the leak of information, and thousands of people were tragically killed because of this incident.
Although this terrorist attack was strangled in the cradle, its main criminal Yang Qilong escaped without knowing where to go, so the Qing court defined Yang Qilong as the "first rebel" and searched for this person nationwide.
In the fifteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, although Yang Qilong was searched for for three years, the Qing Dynasty government did not get even the slightest trace of Yang Qilong, and just when everyone was at a loss, in the imperial Shaanxi Hanzhong, another "Third Prince of Zhu" turned out to be born.
The Qing Dynasty quickly sent troops to encircle and suppress this force, and finally after investigation, it was found that this "Third Prince of Zhu" was a fake, this person was yang Qilong's former former subordinate, and after learning the truth, Kangxi ordered him to be executed.
In the seventeenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, some people in the Fujian region rebelled under the name of "Third Prince of Zhu". This time, this "Third Prince of Zhu" was still quite powerful, with an army of more than 10,000 people under his command, and colluded with Zheng Jing in Taiwan. On March 19, 17th year of the Kangxi Dynasty, the Qing army defeated this force with heavy troops against the Tianbaoshan generation, but cai Yin, the rebel leader who pretended to be the "Third Prince of Zhu", fled back to Taiwan, and in the years that followed, Cai Yin cooperated with Zheng Jing's troops in Taiwan to harass the Qing army many times, causing a lot of trouble to the Qing Dynasty.
In the forty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, there were many forces in Dalanshan and other places in Zhejiang Province, which declared that they would support the establishment of Prince Zhusan. The Qing court quickly sent troops to quell this force and captured the first offender, Zhang Nianyi. According to Zhang Nianyi's confession, the Qing government successfully captured wang Shiyuan, the "real third prince of Zhu", in April of that year. According to Wang Shiyuan's own confession, he was the fourth son of the Chongzhen Emperor, whose real name was Zhu Cihuan, and went into exile after the Jiashen Rebellion, and the later owner of the Wang family took in wang and changed his surname to Wang, who was 75 years old when he was arrested, and had nothing to do with the forces of rebellion in Zhejiang. However, in the end, the Court of the Qing Dynasty still executed Him for the crime of "pseudo-Ming descent".
Since then, the rebellion in the name of "Zhu SanZi" has occurred from time to time, and it did not gradually subside until the Yongzheng period. (If Prince Zhu San is still alive at this time, he should have been more than 100 years old, which is not in line with the common sense of human life, so it has gradually subsided)
Why could an ordinary former emperor become a nightmare that lingered in the Qing Dynasty for eighty years?
The main reason for this is that the Qing Dynasty has never publicly acknowledged the identity of the "Third Prince of Zhu", according to historical records, Wang Shiyuan, who was arrested by Kangxi in the forty-eighth year, is most likely the real "Prince of Zhusan", but the Manchu Qing court executed him for the crime of impersonating the former prince in order to cut the grass and remove the roots, which also led to the broad masses of the people still believing that the "Third Prince of Zhu" was still alive, so the people who pretended to be the third prince of Zhu would "flock endlessly" and "go forward and succeed", which lasted until the Yongzheng period.