<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > this is the true Five Tigers Martial Saint (7).</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="92" > Author: Idle Lesheng</h1>
In the twenty-fourth year of Jian'an, while Cao Wei's general Cao Ren went north to quell the rebellion of HouYin and Wei Kai of Wancheng, the Shu Han general Guan Yu attacked Fancheng along the Han River, and at the end of the month, Cao Ren finally quelled the rebellion and slaughtered Wancheng, so in March, Cao Cao ordered Cao Ren and Pang De to turn around and go back to Fancheng to fight Guan Yu (Note 1). Cao Ren didn't have time to repair more, so he had to return south to Fancheng and go to fight guan Yu hard. In addition, Runan's army, which was too full of favors, also went south with Cao Ren to help.
Note 1: See Romance of the Three Kingdoms in the Forbidden Biography: "Twenty-four years after Jian'an, Taizu was in Chang'an, and Cao Ren was in cahoots with Guan Yufan. and the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Pang De Biography: "The General of Virtue and Cao Ren jointly attacked Bawan, cut the sound, opened, Sui Nan Tun Fan, and begged Guan Yu." ”
There are three masters of Cao Ren, Man Pet, and Pound De, and they should be able to fight with Guan Yu. Cao Cao felt good about himself, so he soon left Chang'an out of the Valley and went to Hanzhong to have a long-lost showdown with Liu Bei.
However, the development of the war situation once again made Cao Cao depressed. In Hanzhong, Liu Bei refused to take risks and cut off Cao's grain route; in Jingzhou, Guan Yu occupied the Han River Channel, and Cao Ren repeatedly fought unfavorably, and finally only a few thousand people were left, and the turtle shrank in Fancheng and did not dare to move. It seems that the Ercao brothers against the Liu Guan brothers have obviously fallen behind.
In May, Cao Cao was forced to withdraw from Hanzhong and return to Chang'an.
This was a difficult choice, Cao Cao finally made a decision, he wanted to abandon Hanzhong, concentrate on repelling Guan Yu, and keep the land of Xiangfan, which was the most important thing.
In July, Cao Cao again sent the left general Fei Jie Yu ban to lead the Seventh Army with a total of more than 30,000 people to reinforce Cao Ren, along with the Nanyang soldiers led by Nanyang Taishou Dongligun. In addition, Cao Cao also sent the Pingkou general Xu Huang, who had just made a military achievement in Hanzhong, to Wancheng to sit in the city, and recruited soldiers to raise grain and grass as a backup for Yu Ban and Cao Ren. At the same time, zhao yu, a resourceful guanzhong protector, joined Cao Ren's army as a counselor and went south with Xu Huang.
In order to deal with Guan Yu, Cao Cao actually sent Cao Ren, Man Yu, Pound De, Yu Ban, Xu Huang, Dong Ligun, Zhao Yu and other all-star lineups, as well as all the mobile forces in the Three Auxiliary Central Plains Theater, he wanted to devote himself to a battle, completely subdue Guan Yu, he was old, he didn't want to toss anymore, he just wanted to pass on the family business he had saved over the years to his son Cao Pi, couldn't he, Guan Yu's old brother, let's not toss it, okay?
At the same time, Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao for the first time, and he was satisfied, so he also declared himself king in Hanzhong in July, and officially announced his four major tiger generals: Guan Yu as the former general, Zhang Fei as the right general, Ma Chao as the left general, and Huang Zhong as the rear general. Then, Liu Bei also specially sent Sima Feishi, the former head of Yizhou, to Jingzhou to send Guan Yu a seal and a festival. In layman's terms, the "Jieyu" is the so-called Shangfang Sword of the Later Generations, and the generals who have this power can kill the soldiers who violate military orders in this theater without asking for instructions in the wartime state (Note 2). In the entire history of the Shu Han Dynasty, the only generals who received the power of "false festivals" were Guan Yu and Zhuge Liang.
Note 2: See Book of Song Hundred Officials Chronicle: "False Huang Yu is a special general, and it is not a common instrument for non-human subjects." ”
Liu Bei did this because at that time, Guan Yu's water army had already hit Fancheng along the Han River, trapping Cao Ren in the city, and the situation was very good; at this time, guan Yu Jingzhou was given the right to arbitrarily, and the purpose was to let him do a big job! After all, Liu Bei had been fighting in Hanzhong for several years, and everyone was tired, so it was Guan Yu's turn to play.
Here, Liu Bei made a big mistake. Jingbei is no better than Hanzhong, this is what Cao Wei must fight, just let Guan Yu an old marshal bring Guan Ping Liaohua such a group of nameless young generals Northern Expedition, the odds are not great, even if they win, they can't hold it. Therefore, the Yizhou side must send troops to give strategic cooperation and countermeasures; of course, Liu Bei also sent Liu Feng Mengda to respond from the direction of the Eastern Three Counties, but these two were generals with biased personalities and abilities, and the troops under them were not enough, if Zhao Yunhuang quan could be sent to lead 10,000 elite troops to the Eastern Three Counties and wait for the opportunity to cooperate, the situation would probably be very different. In short, whether it was Liu Bei's negligence, laziness or conceit, this was actually pushing Guan Yu into the dangerous situation of using a partial division to resist the elite troops of the world alone. In addition, Guan Yu's logistical work in this battle is not easy to do, the key is that Jingzhou is "a big epidemic of the years" (Note 3), the people are not having a good life, and the Nan Commandery Taishou Lufang who is in charge of the rear and Pan Mao in Jingzhou Zhizhong are ordinary people, I am afraid that if there is a problem, it is best to send Zhuge Liang, who is "full of soldiers and enough food", back to Jingzhou to be safe. Even if Zhuge Liang wants to take charge of the overall situation, it is good to send Ma Liang and Liao Lilai. In short, the leadership of Shu Han stationed in Jingzhou was only enough to defend itself, not enough to forge ahead, and Liu Bei Guanyu did not have a clear understanding of this.
Note 3: See Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms: "(Jian'an 24th year) In December, Sima Mazhong of Zhang, along with his sons Ping and the governor Zhao Lei, and others, settled Jingzhou. It is a major epidemic, and the taxes of the people of Jingzhou are eliminated. ”
Therefore, Liu Bei's person is still not enough, and once in a while Cao Cao will get carried away, overconfident, unable to listen to opinions, too floating. As soon as this man floats, he is easily planted.
In addition, it is worth noting that the left general Yu Ban, who was sent by Cao Cao to reinforce Cao Ren, also had the power of a false festival like Guan Yu. Throughout the history of Cao Wei, the only generals who received this power were Sima Yi, Cao Zhen, Cao Xiu, and Yu Ban. During Cao Cao's time, only Yu Ban was given this power. What is even more surprising is that the rank of left general at this time does not seem to be lower than that of Cao Ren's general Zhengnan. According to the Book of Song And the Hundred Officials Chronicle, the Cao Wei historian Yu Feng yue: "Four Marches, Emperor Wu of Wei placed, ranked two thousand stones." Huang Junior High School, ranked third duke. The old Han Dynasty signs are the same as the partial miscellaneous signs. "The General of the Four Expeditions was ranked 2,000 stones, but the General of the Four Expeditions was 2,000 stones in rank, and although the status of the Four Expeditions gradually increased during the Reign of Cao Wei, it was necessary to wait until the Huang Chu years after the founding of the State of Cao Pi.
What is even more intriguing is that Liu Bei, while claiming the title of King of Hanzhong, returned the seal of his original general Zuo to his old enemy Cao Cao, but Cao Cao gave this seal to Yu Ban instead! If you go back further, this seal was given to Lü Bu by Cao Cao a long time ago, in order to target the rebellious and rebellious General Yuan Shu of the earlier time. After Lü Bu was destroyed, Cao Cao transferred it to Liu Bei, and now he transferred it to Yu Ban, and the love and hatred between them was really regrettable.
The reinforcements led by Yu Banshou were about 30,000 soldiers and horses, a total of seven armies (5,000 people in the Han first army), and they advanced all the way to Pinglu City, west of Fancheng (Note 4), plus the Pound Army stationed north of Fancheng (Note 5), and the siege of Fancheng by the Shu Han army had actually been broken, so Guan Yu sensibly retreated his army south of hanshui.
Note 4: See Li Daoyuan's "Notes on the Water Classics" 沔水 strip: "沔水又迳平鲁城南." The city, built by Lu Zong. The old city got its name. To the east, Fancheng, Zhongshan Fu was also sealed. The city is on Thursday, and the southern half is flooded. In Jian'an, Guan Yu was confined to this city. ”
Note 5: See Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "(Cao) Ren Envoy (Pang) Detun Fanbei Ten Mile. ”
The history books do not record how many people Guan Yu had at this time, but according to the letter written by Lu Xun to Guan Yu after this war, "Moving forward to watch the provocation, with the law of the division, small and large grams" It can be seen that there were not many Shu Han troops on the Xiangfan front, at least not more than Yu Ban. So now in this situation, it seems that the war has been dragged into a stalemate. It is still quite difficult to say who killed the deer.
But at this time, an unexpected event sent Guan Yu to the peak of his life. It was the autumn flood in August, the sky was raining heavily, for more than ten days, the rainfall exceeded 100 mm, so the Han River soared, flash floods broke out, and even the flat land was flooded for several inches, and Xiangyang and Fancheng on both sides of the Han River were still protected by tall walls, which could not be safe, but the small city of Pinglu, which was only four miles around the city, was miserable, and the entire small city was washed away by the flood (Note 6) and became a ze country.
Guan Yu looked at it and was overjoyed. This Jianghan Plain is densely covered with rivers and trees, and it suffers from flooding every year (Note 7). The Wei people knew this, but they did not prepare ships and did not train the water army, and today they tasted the pain, so they led the water army to drive a large ship and sailed directly into the city. Yu Ban's 30,000 soldiers all became flood victims, and they all ascended to avoid the flood, and one by one they were divided into small highlands in the water like a chicken in the water, and their military assets were also lost, they could not fight and could not fight, they could not run, and there was nowhere to hide. The Shu army transformed into marines and flood relief teams, some of them took small boats and landed on the high ground to annihilate the recalcitrant; some sang boat songs, and took the Cao army generals in the water one by one onto the ship and took them prisoner. This battle is really a different kind of fun.
Note 6: Note 4 quotes the following sentence of the Commentary on the Water Classics: "There will be more than three inches of water overflowing, the city will fall, and (Yu) is forbidden to descend." ”
Note 7: See Gu Zuyu's "Minutes of Reading the History of Fang Public Opinion" quoting Fang Zhi: "The Han River is folded from the border of Jingmen Prefecture to the east, and the large and small groups of rivers and rivers converge. The tide is overwhelming, the impregnation is overwhelming, and there is no end to the trouble. ”
Most of the 30,000 Cao troops surrendered, even Yu Ban surrendered, although he followed Cao Cao for decades, was one of the first comrades to participate in the revolution, and had many meritorious achievements, and history said that "the good general of the times, the five sons first." Yu Ban is the most resolute. ”
But, however, the only thing that has been hard through the ages is to die, and nothing is more important than being alive. After all, Yu Ban was a northern general, there was no water battle, there was no ship and boat division, he rushed to the rescue, he was confused and defeated, and he was not willing to become a martyr so stupid.
After Guan Yu captured yu ban these thirty thousand Cao troops, there was no good way to deal with them for a while, and he was afraid of turning against them in battle, killing them and being benevolent, so he had to send a ship to escort them to Jiangling City in the rear to raise them, which was equivalent to inexplicably carrying a big burden, and in the end, because of the large number of people and the lack of grain, he had to rob Sun Quantun of grain in Xiangguan, giving Lü Meng an excuse to send troops, you say this matter is troublesome!
Next, Guan Yu could besiege Fancheng again, but before that, he had to eliminate a force, that is, the Pound Army, which was stationed ten miles north of Fancheng to ensure the smooth passage of grain roads north of Cao Ren.
Because the pound army was located in the north, the prevention of floods was not bad, they "avoided the water embankment" early, and there was no major loss of military food and grass, which also made Guan Yu a rare hard battle.
In addition, although Pound Was a general of Western Liang, and the late lord Ma Chao and his brother Pang Rou were both serving in Shu Han, they were very loyal to Cao Cao, and he once said to the generals: "I have received the favor of the country, and my righteousness is in death." I want to shoot myself. This year I will not kill Yu, Yu should kill me. "Now it's time for him to keep his promise!"
Guan Yu liked such a loyal and righteous man, so he wanted to accept this person for his own use, but unfortunately, Pound De swore not to give face, and also shot An arrow hit Guan Yu's forehead, fortunately with the protection of the helmet, there was no major obstacle, but still let the first old handsome man in Jingzhou break the face. Guan Yu was furious and ordered the fleet to fire on the levee on all sides, and Pound rode a white horse, galloping back and forth in the rainstorm, the arrows were not vain, which made Guan Yu like it more and more, and kept shouting slogans for Pound to surrender.
Pictured: White Horse General Pound
Pound's deputy generals Dong Heng and Dong Chao saw the situation and said that General Pang, let's surrender, we can't win the fight anymore, people are trapped and can trap us to death.
Pound was furious: "I will not be afraid to die to avoid it, the martyr will not destroy the festival to survive, and today, I will die." So he personally beheaded Dong Heng and Dong Chao in front of him, and shouted at the sky: "Speaking of descenders, take these two as an example!" Everyone had to accompany him to continue shooting arrows while soaking in the rain, shooting from morning to noon, finishing the arrows, and ordering the sergeants to jump on the boat to engage the Shu army," but the sergeants jumped on the boat and directly surrendered on their knees. Pound had no choice but to take a small boat with a few of his cronies and wanted to row back to Fancheng Cao Ren, but unfortunately the rowing kung fu did not come home, and was overturned by the waves, and all the cronies drowned, only Pound de floated with the boat board and was fished up by Guan Yu's water army. Guan Yu was kind enough to persuade him to surrender, but Pound scolded: "Shuzi, what is surrender!" The King of Wei brought a million armor and vied the world. Ru Liu Beiyong is only an ear, how can he be an enemy of evil! I would rather be a ghost of the country than a thief. Guan Yu had to kill Pound, the reason why Pound was so loyal, I am afraid that he also wanted to seek a good future for his descendants, after all, Xi Liang's life in the Cao Wei court where the Shi clan was in charge was not good, not to mention, many of Pound's old ancestors were with Ma Chao in Shu Han, and some words were not clear at all.
Pictured: The silk color painting "Guan Yu Capture Drawing" by the Ming Dynasty court painter Shang Xi, which is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing.
And Cao Cao was in Chang'an, and when he heard that the general Pound De died, the old subordinate Yu Ban surrendered, which was completely contrary to his own judgment, and he couldn't help but sigh for a long time, extremely sentimental: "Wu Bawen is between the ranks, knowing each other for thirty years, what does it mean to be in danger, but not pound morality!" So he cried alone for half a day, and then named two of Pound's concubines as marquises; later Cao Pi took the throne, and in recognition of the typical, he also named four of Pound's sons as marquises of Guannei, each with a hundred households. Among the six sons of Pang De, the most famous son Pang Hui was the most famous, and he had made achievements in the Zhuge Rebellion and the Pingshu War, and he was also regarded as the founding hero of the Jin Dynasty.
However, Cao Cao is also quite generous, and he did not have a forbidden family, and he also retained his title, after all, he was an old brother for thirty years! Moreover, it is forgivable for Yu Ban to surrender in order to save the lives of many soldiers when he has no power to fight; if he loses the lives of tens of thousands of soldiers in vain in order to save his personal honor, is it worth it?
Compared with many founding monarchs, the heroes and warriors under Cao Cao's account had a fairly good ending, in this sense, although Cao Cao had all kinds of shortcomings, but for his own people, it was really a dissection of the heart of Chicheng.
Two years later, relations between Wei and Wu eased, and Yu Ban and his generals were released to return to China, but they were repeatedly humiliated by the narrow-minded and derisive Emperor Cao Pi of Wei. Cao Pi ostensibly used the examples of Xun Lin's father and Meng Mingshi to comfort Yu Ban as a sign of leniency, but secretly used some small movements to respond to him (Note 7). Yu Bannai sighed a long time: "When Han invited Li Ling to return to China, Li Ling said that her husband could no longer be humiliated. I know what it means today! Soon he fell ill and died.
Note 7: Not long after Yu Ban returned to wei, Cao Pi arranged for him to send an envoy to Eastern Wu. It's embarrassing to have to go back again before your ass is seated. However, Cao Pi was not finished, and let Yu Ban go to Cao Cao's mausoleum, but in advance let people paint several murals in the mausoleum house of Guan Yu flooding the Seventh Army, Pound De's heroic righteousness, and Yu Ban's kneeling and surrendering. Cao Pi used this kind of small trick to force Yu Ban to die, and then left himself behind.
More than forty years later, Pang De's son and lieutenant general Pang Hui accompanied Zhong Hui to cut down Shu, and after the shu was destroyed, the Guan clan was wiped out, and Guan Yu's grandchildren were slaughtered. Tang Tang Wu Saint Guan Yu was actually exterminated in this way. This incident was recorded in the Book of Shu, a history book written by the Jin Dynasty historian Wang Yin that recorded the Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period.
Is it a personal vendetta between two armies to fight each other and each to be its master? Not to mention revenge on future generations! Pang Hui is really small and inexplicable.