"Red hearts shape heroes, and true feelings nurture children."
This is an inscription given by actor Qin Yi on the 90th birthday of Yulan, both of whom are famous performers of the older generation and both have won the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Golden Rooster Awards of Chinese Cinema.
But Yu Lan did not love these false names, and often chanted: "Don't call me an artist, let alone call me a big star." I am a literary and artistic worker who has been doing literary and artistic work all my life. ”
Indeed, Yu Lan's life was entirely dedicated to the cause of the people. When she was still young, she decided to join the anti-Japanese front; later, she "went out of the house" to step onto the performance stage and played many revolutionary women; in the year of huajia, she once again "went out" to be a pioneer in children's films.
Counting down, she is full of merit, and it is not unreasonable to call an artist.
<h1 style="text-align: center;"> a liver and gallbladder</h1>
In the spring of 1938, after Yu Lan learned of the existence of anti-Japanese guerrillas from his friend Wang Shuyuan, he asked Wang Shuyuan to take him out without saying a word, saying: "As long as you resist Japan, you can go anywhere!" ”
Since Wang Shuyuan did not have a channel to escape from her hometown, she asked Yu Lan to wait patiently for a few days, and once she received her letter, it meant that she could leave.
However, Yu Lan did not consult with his family before making this decision. After receiving the letter, she lied to her stepmother in the name that Wang Shuyuan wanted to get married and said that she was going to the wedding.
As early as yu Lan was eight years old, she experienced the pain of losing her mother. The year after his mother's death, his father remarried. Although Yu Lan was young at the time, she got along well with her stepmother, and the two often got along like friends.
Therefore, when Lan lied that she needed money to attend the wedding, her stepmother also generously gave 5 yuan. However, 5 yuan cannot support Lan's trip to the anti-Japanese resistance.
But seeing that the opportunity was rare, she could not take care of these, and after writing the letter late at night, she hurriedly stepped on the train to Tianjin early the next morning. Unexpectedly, the day after arriving in Tianjin, Yu Lan's stepmother ran to find her.
In order not to be discovered, Yu Lan had to change his itinerary and take the last train to Pingjin with his friend Zhao Lu that night. In fact, if she could discuss with her family well, she should not have to rush so quickly.
But Yu Lan knew that if he said that he wanted to participate in the anti-Japanese resistance, he might not even be able to go out. So later, when her brother and sister were looking for her, Yu Lan ran away again.
Embarrassingly, just after hiding from his brother and sister, Yu Lan learned that the contact point was in danger. In order not to expose her companions, she had to go home to avoid the limelight first.
This time, it is naturally difficult to have a chance to leave.
Figure | Yu Lan and his brother Yu Aaron
Fortunately, Yu Lan's brother Yu Yalun understood his sister's patriotic feelings of wanting to defend his family and defend the country, and after knowing that Yu Lan's determination to resist Japan had been decided, Yu Yalun no longer continued to obey Yu Lan's father's orders to monitor her, but instead helped his sister escape from the family and run to the front.
Unfortunately, the division was unfavorable, and Yu Lan and Wang Shuyuan had just returned to the civilian primary school at the contact point and were arrested and sent to the gendarmerie. Yu Lansheng, who had never had the experience of dealing with Japanese people, was afraid that he would say the wrong thing and make a mistake, so She would answer whatever Wang Shuyuan answered.
The cunning Japanese did not let them go because they were in agreement, but interrogated them separately. Yu Lan thought that as long as he lied about his identity information like Wang Shuyuan, he could escape torture, but in fact, the Japanese side had already learned of their information, and even Yu Lan's real name Yu Peiwen was found.
After Yu Lan continued to lie about the information, the Japanese soldier in charge of interrogation directly threw up his leather whip and beat her, and when he had had enough, he called for someone to pull her away. After one fight after another, the Japanese gendarmes guarding the prison heard the interpreter say that Yu Lan was lying, so angry that they drew a large knife from their waists to scare her, and continued to beat her with a leather whip.
After being insulted and scolded by the Japanese army one after another, Yu Lan's resentment against the Japanese army became deeper and deeper. As an adult, she secretly swore in her heart that she would rather die than yield, and if she still had the life to escape, she would continue to participate in the anti-Japanese resistance and drive away the Japanese who invaded the motherland!
The person who was in the same cell as Wang Shuyuan was the comrade they were pursuing, Yang Yinghua, and under his guidance, the two confessed the true information to the Japanese army before they were finally released.
However, the release did not mean that the Japanese army let them go, and in order to ensure that the two were not anti-Japanese elements, the Japanese side also sent someone to follow and monitor them. In desperation, Yu Lan had to go home first. And this time back, Yu Father refused to let Yu Lan go out, and once again asked the whole family to monitor Yu Lan and not allow her to leave.
Due to the surveillance of the Japanese army and his father's concerns, Yu Lan obediently stayed at home and waited for the next opportunity.
Although she failed in her first mission, Yu Lan's enthusiasm for serving the country was not extinguished, on the contrary, she was determined to go to the country and regard death as a sudden return.
<h1 style="text-align: center;" > thousands of miles to the battlefield, "confused" into the industry</h1>
In late August 1938, Yu Lan, who was constantly under surveillance at home, received a message from his contact, Lao Cui, that a comrade named Huang Qiuping would meet with him in the near future. After seeing this, Yu Lan decided that he would go to Yan'an, the holy land of revolution, in a week's time.
While her stepmother was taking her sister out, Yu Lan once again ran away from home. Unlike the last time she ran away, this time Yu Lan did not leave quietly, and she still had a younger brother to stay at home.
Because his brother was still young, Yu Lan was not able to directly say the purpose of his going out, so he coaxed him to buy coffee beans for him to eat. The child was naïve and foolishly believed, shouting at Yu Lan, who had gone far: "Sister, come back quickly, I am waiting for you!" ”
Unwilling emotions spontaneously arose, Yu Lan waved his hand to wipe the tears from his face, forced himself to endure sadness, and left home without turning his head. This time goodbye, the next time we meet is more than ten years later.
At that time, the younger brother who shouted "I am waiting for you" had become an independent air force, and Yu Lan had become a household name revolutionary actress.
At first glance, the title of actress may make people think that Yu Lan is not taking the route of anti-Japanese national salvation, but the "Avenue of Stars". But in fact, Yu Lan first thought of being a brave female warrior, but fate pushed her to become an actress.
At the beginning, Yu Lan, who left home and accompanied by the escort of revolutionary comrades, relied on his legs to cross the mountains and mountains, and walked the more than 1,000 miles step by step, which lasted 50 days to Yan'an, which this person called "Moscow of the East".
At the beginning, Yu Lan, like others, learned advanced knowledge at kang da and participated in labor after class. However, in the following "March 8th Women's Day" and the drama performance commemorating the fourth anniversary of the "12.9" student movement, she was selected as the heroine.
When she first appeared on the stage, Yu Lan was naturally nervous, but perhaps she was born to eat this bowl of rice, and in the case of her heart pounding, she also played the role alive.
As Yan Yiyan, the author of the drama "Pioneer", in which she participated, commented: "This is a good seedling, and I must suggest that the academy transfer her to LuYi." ”
In the spring of 1940, Lu Yiyuan came to select actresses, designated by Lan and Zhao Lu. The opportunity was rare, but Yu Lan did not resolutely agree to go to Lu Yi. She still thinks about the word art, whether to continue to learn theoretical knowledge, or to go to Luyi to "play" for two years?
Because at that time she had been transferred to the senior class of the Women's University to study theory, the teacher in the class could not speak Mandarin, only in dialect. Because of this, Yu Lan chose the latter after the entanglement, but her mentality was "playing".
As everyone knows, this "play" is a lifelong thing.
Yu Lan recalled in "Bittersweet Boundless Reading Life": "People often say 'rare and confused', and I went to the door of art in such a confused way. I was lucky: 'rarely confused' but determined the path of my life. ”
The following year, Yu Lan, who was too good at work, joined the party organization.
In just one year, from a layman to a good actor praised by everyone in the organization, Yu Lan's efforts are indeed no less than others.
Of course, in addition to her role as an actress, she was also a revolutionary fighter: after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, she joined the Northeast Cadre Troupe and fought with the members of the troupe for the liberation of her hometown. After the founding of New China, she did not stop the pace of revolution, actively responded to the request of her superiors and rushed to Korea, performed one drama after another for the comrades who resisted US aggression and aided Korea, and conveyed to them the condolences and concern of her compatriots.
However, the beginning of the people's film career has "blocked" the pace of too blue progress, and she has many stage experiences and was caught off guard by "Kai myera" (the literal translation of the camera camera in English).
<h1 style="text-align: center;"> shameless in the end, love against everything</h1>."
Leave the familiar stage and walk to the unfamiliar screen.
In 1948, Yu Lan went to Changchun to participate in the fourth training class held by the people's film industry.
As an instructor, she was called by the leader shortly after the start of the training class, asking her to quit the training work. This request is not excessive, after all, the leader's starting point is good, and he wants Yu Lan to participate in the work of shooting feature films.
This is both good news and a challenge.
Yu Lan, who has always only participated in drama performances, immediately took over the job, although she had never been exposed to this knowledge or understanding of feature film shooting, but for actors, it is always good to try many aspects.
Helplessly, Yu Lan just stepped into the threshold of the feature film, and was dissuaded. A comrade once seriously advised her: "You don't have a 'mcRah' face (the face shape is not suitable for the film), or do other work, there is a lot of work to do now." ”
A word of advice made Yu Lan doubt himself and began to reflect, is he really not suitable to be a film actor?
As early as when she entered the Luyi Experimental Theater Troupe, she had already made up her mind to "dedicate her life's energy to the stage and die on the stage!" But now, the comrade's words made her a little shaken.
Although she forced herself not to think about it and concentrate on trying to make feature films, the photographer's criticism plunged her into a vortex of self-doubt.
"Yu Lan, your neck is too thin!" Your shoulders are too thin (too skinny)! The whites of your eyes are too big! ”
The photographer's every word is stuck in Lan's heart, which is a physiological problem, not a problem of acting skills. With more and more criticism, she was able to sparkle on the stage, and under the focus of the camera, she gradually lost her luster.
In order to complete the film shooting, Yu Lan can only barely complete the role's action task in the play, as for the full and real feelings, she is not not performed, but under the lens magnification has become a pompous acting skill, and finally can only rely on the actor's own simple temperament to give the role flesh and blood.
Seeing that this film shooting failed so much, Yu Lan began to wander again. But fortunately, she is extremely self-regulating and tries to convince herself that she can't always fall into sad emotions. In addition, the words of Comrade Chen Bo'er of the Beijing Film Art Department also gave her encouragement.
After Chen Bo'er learned that Yu Lan was disliked at the shooting scene, he specially wrote a letter: "Yu Lan, I have seen the film, and your performance path is correct!" ”
A seat of words, the warmth is infinite.
Indeed, Yu Lan under the camera is naïve, a newcomer Xiao Bai. But who didn't grow up step by step? There are people who are born to fit the screen, and naturally there are people who try to squeeze into the camera the day after tomorrow.
Whether it is the former or the latter, as long as they love the stage and love performance, they will definitely use their own efforts to stand in front of the world and let everyone applaud their performance.
Yu Lan had done it before, but it was on the drama stage. Today, being denied by professionals, she still wants to stand under the camera and use her strength to fight back against those words.
Xiang Wu'er of "Cuigang Red Flag" and Jiang Jie of "Eternal Life in the Fire", she presented the answer sheet to the audience with these two roles.
<h1 style="text-align: center;"> perform the Chinese soul, the fire is eternal</h1>."
In 1950, the author of "Cuigang Red Flag" recommended Yu Lan to the director to play the heroine of the film, Xiang Wu'er. This film reflects the life of the people who could not go north with the Red Army and could only stay in the Soviet zone while waiting for liberation.
This was undoubtedly another unfamiliar territory for Lan, she had not experienced the Red Army's twenty-five thousand miles long march, nor had she taken the initiative to understand it. Therefore, in order to delve into the role, she conducted a series of life investigations.
In the past, she once said: "Actors do not have to only cherish the image of the individual, but more importantly, cherish the image of the role."
At this moment, she has made greater progress, from cherishing the role image to cherishing everything about the role itself.
To this end, in just one month, she interviewed about thirty or forty people, from the provincial party secretary to the ordinary people. After learning about the past history, Yu Lan couldn't help but burst into tears, weeping for the red army soldiers who had passed away, and also for the surviving red army families and cadres.
It was as if she had walked into Xiang Wu'er's life, and after understanding what the character had seen and heard, she also put herself in her shoes. In this way, the moment he stood back under the camera, Yu Lan was Xiang Wu'er.
The merits paid off, and Yu Lan's efforts this time finally paid off. The film she starred in won the Photography Award at the first Karlovy Vary Film Festival in 1951 and the second prize for outstanding feature film of the Ministry of Culture in 1949-1955.
Of course, the biggest reward is the praise of the audience.
However, "Cuigang Red Flag" is just the beginning, and the real thing that makes the blue fire is "Eternal Life in the Fire".
In 1961, Yu Lan, who was hospitalized for examination, accidentally read part of the novel "Red Rock" in The China Youth Daily. Although the story is short, she is quickly attracted by Sister Jiang's experience.
Although Sister Jiang's story is now a household name, it was little known in that era. In order to let more people know about Jiang Jiening's indomitable revolutionary life, Yu Lan first couldn't help but read it to the patients in the ward, and then couldn't wait for the serialization, directly entrusted the editorial department of the publishing house to complete the manuscript, and even filmed this story with director Shui Hua.
Naturally, the role of Jiang Jie is played by Yu Lan.
In his later years, when recalling this shooting experience, Yu Lan once sighed:
"I think it's not difficult to play Sister Jiang because I understand her. She and I share experiences and ideals. I joined the party in 1939, and in the same year as Sister Jiang, we all hated the Japanese aggressors in our hearts and minds and wanted to drive the Japanese aggressors out. I have also been caught by the enemy and sat in the enemy's prison. When experiencing the role, I closed my eyes and thought, if there was no rescue from comrades at that time, I would definitely die like Sister Jiang and never be a traitor. ”
Perhaps it is because of the same experience that Yu Lancai interprets the role so vividly and unforgettablely. Since then, when the people see her, they will respectfully shout "Sister Jiang".
An old man once praised Yu Lan in person, saying: "The Jiang sister you played can be expressed with a "soul" word!" You really played the soul of Chinese! ”
Figure | Immortality in Fire
However, the film succeeded, but it came at the wrong time.
In December 1964, when there was a critical struggle in society, the Ministry of Culture had to rectify the situation, and the films made had to be censored before they could be released. Unfortunately, this film fell into the hands of the more special characters at that time, and as soon as she watched it, she said:
"This film is so bad, don't modify it... Movies are not like tables and chairs benches, you can also saw off a little when you are done, small changes are useless, changes are not good, just like this after the release of the criticism. Don't put the film in the warehouse all at once, as in the past, you can take it out, and everyone criticizes it! The issuing company can also make a little money! ”
To sum it up simply, "Be critical!" No change! Don't put it away! I want everyone to criticize! ”
Such a result poured a large bucket of ice water on Yu Lan and his team, and the people present had no idea what was wrong with the content of this film, but they did not dare to ask, after all, rebuttal is equivalent to rebellion.
But just as Sister Jiang would rather die than yield, Yu Lan is not willing to give in, she does not accept such a result, and does not allow the whole team, including Sister Jiang's story, to be denied in this way.
Therefore, she boldly asked Premier Zhou for help to see if the film could "pass the pass". When Premier Zhou learned of this matter, he agreed to this request without saying a word, not only took the time to watch the film, but also gave advice, and even took the title of the film.
The name "Eternal Life in the Fire" came from Premier Zhou's idea.
Later, when the film was to be sent to Japan for release, Premier Zhou specially instructed the Central Propaganda Department to care for the film, which was avoided by the special person.
However, under the invasion of the whirlpool of the times, "Eternal Life in the Fire" was finally criticized as a "big poisonous weed".
Yu Lan, who refused to give in, became a "cow ghost snake god".
Figure | Yu Lan family
<h1 style="text-align: center;"> bittersweet, life must be full of joy</h1>."
"Those of us who drill into art have no sense of political struggle."
In the spring of 1966, Yu Lan, who was immersed in the film industry, was taken to criticize. Earlier she had felt something was wrong, but out of loyalty to the organization she did not dare to think about it.
Whenever I saw my former comrades-in-arms, colleagues and friends being forced to put on paper vests and pull away the troupe to criticize, Yu Lan was still very confused, thinking what was going on with this "movement" and whether it had anything to do with her?
However, whether it matters or not, she is on the criticism list. The mountain rain was about to fill the building, everyone felt the tension of the atmosphere, everyone acted alone as if avoiding suspicion, only Yu Lan was still very innocent to greet all his colleagues.
As everyone knows, she is criticized as a "black line of literature and art", everyone is afraid to avoid it, and a greeting is enough to make people fall into the abyss.
Because her husband Tian Fang was also imprisoned in the "cowshed" at that time, Yu Lan could not find anyone to talk about even though he was aggrieved. She could only hope that the criticism meeting would end quickly, and that she would criticize and scold quickly, so that she could go home quickly and rest.
At that time, what Yu Lan wanted to hear most every day was for people in green military uniforms to shout "get out of here", which meant that the day's pain was over, and the day's trial also came to an end. As for the suffering of the next day, then we will worry about it.
There is so much suffering in this life, she always has to leave some expectations for herself. Being able to go home is her greatest joy, and having saved up all these pleasures, she still has the motivation to live and the courage to fight injustice.
But the "mass movement" still made Yu Lan's heart cold.
Once she was surrounded by several teenage boys, who should have been innocent years, but one by one they were more skilled with wickers, ready to whip Yu Lan. This look is that it has been indoctrinated with improper thinking, and the knowledge has not been learned, only learned to beat people.
Seeing that they were waving wicker to throw at themselves, Yu Lan became angry and shouted, "Do you dare to fight?" Only the Japanese have ever beaten me! ”
Maybe she was so strong that the children were frightened and threw down the wicker and ran; or maybe these children had a conscience and knew that they were not Japanese, so they should not hit anyone.
Either way, Yu Lan escaped the disaster. But the "storm" is always fierce, and in the center of the wind and rain, it is naturally impossible to leave safely.
In 1971, Yu Lan was sent to Beijing Daxing County to work, and while repairing the house, she lost her head and fell directly from the roof. The right side of the face was crooked, the front teeth were also broken, the lips were also filled with five stitches, and later the brain contusion and lumbar spondylolisthesis were also detected.
After staying in the hospital for a few days, Yu Lan was completely out of danger. But these injuries affected her for the rest of her life. Her face was crooked, and her acting career was almost terminated. Because of the lumbar spondylolisthesis, she had to undergo major surgery at the age of 77.
However, the wounds in the heart are more painful than the physical wounds.
In 1974, Yu Lan experienced the pain of the death of his relatives and lovers. His brother Yu Yalun was no match for the bad guys and was persecuted to death; Tian Fang was suffering from liver cancer, and under the repeated obstruction of medication by the rebels, he also died.
Figure | Yu Lan and her husband Tian Fang
Losing two important people in a year, how does that make her not feel bad?
The good thing is that Lan still survived ten years of wind and rain with a force of not accepting defeat. Later, she did not think about the grievances and oppression she had suffered in the past, but secretly made a vow: "I myself am like a second liberation and new life, willing to contribute everything I have once again, and strive for the interests of the people and my ideals." ”
In addition, for the sake of her deceased loved ones, she also decided to "wipe away her tears and move on!" ”
In this way, she is the same as Sister Jiang, with the same love of a child, and the same bone hardness.
In 1978, Yu Lan suffered from breast cancer, and after nine major surgeries in a row, she did not return home to recuperate, instead, she took over the establishment of the children's film studio and agreed to serve as the director of the factory.
She also explained to this decision: "Compared with the torture suffered by Sister Jiang, I am nothing at all. ”
In order to carry forward the children's film career, she can be said to be completely immersed in her work and cannot extricate herself.
In 1983, 62-year-old Yu Lan accidentally broke the ring finger of his right hand through a door clip. Since the film factory had only been established for half a year at that time, the work was still very tense, worried that the operation of re-implanting the finger would affect the work, Yu Lan simply threw the truncated fingertip into the discarded bucket and put it back into the work like a person who had nothing to do.
Many comrades in the film studio felt sorry for her approach, but Yu Lan did not feel anything at all, she felt that this missing finger was a precious memorial.
Such an optimistic attitude towards life is also rare.
But this is Yu Lan, with a clear state of mind, strong and independent.
She has walked too many roads in this life, and her bittersweet happiness is boundless, all of which are self-crossing.
People say that she is "forever Sister Jiang", but in an interview in the early years, Yu Lan said: "I hope that everyone will forget me as an actor and always remember Sister Jiang and sister Jiang's spirit." ”
This sentence obviously conflicts with the identity of the actor, as an actor, the biggest wish should be to hope that the audience can remember themselves. Yu Lan did not think so, compared with herself, she felt that the strivers of the revolutionary era should be remembered more.
However, aside from the identity of the actor, she is also a heroine with an iron backbone.
Long history, do not forget the heroes and predecessors, Yu Lan spirit does not end.
Text | A thousand picks