Today marks the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China.
Looking back at the road traveled in this hundred years, how should we sum up this hundred years?
Almost without looking, I can predict what the foreign media will say in a yin and yang tone, they can describe the process of pursuing a peaceful and happy life Chinese as a threat to the international order, they can also describe the cooperation between the Chinese people and the government to manage the epidemic as authoritarian oppression, and even describe the artificial management of the desert as an "unnatural greening process", all kinds of blood spurts beyond the scope of human understanding, I have to read a lot of information every day, and I rarely find a normal article evaluating China in the European and American media. Half praise and half depreciation can not be seen, are doing everything possible to give China the hat of an evil country, everywhere hinting that they are the hope of human civilization, do not spray uncomfortable.
And the great project of lifting nearly 100 million people out of poverty, which has won fifty Nobel Peace Prizes, they pretend to turn a blind eye and say nothing.
To be honest, I don't like the propaganda methods of some domestic media, the propaganda methods that I have been exposed to since I was a child often enter the mode of "only shouting slogans and not telling stories", and TV dramas that tell Chinese stories such as "The Age of Awakening" and "Mountains and Seas" are extremely scarce, and they have only recently begun to emerge one after another, and we can hardly see such good films when we were young.
Western media always pave the mood through detailed stories, wait until the reader's emotions are in place, and then take the opportunity to throw out their own theories, let people unconsciously be infected, so as to believe what they say, this way of propaganda in the world is invincible, set off a color revolution, can easily provoke the minds of young people, once caused a great psychological impact on our generation, although their purpose is not pure, but their means are still worth learning.
Of course, we cannot look at the face of the West in the history of the Communist Party of China in this hundred years, we must look at it together by synthesizing various elements, and we must look at it from a higher perspective of all mankind, the Communist Party of China has made amazing and great achievements in this hundred years, but I do not approve of depicting this process as almost perfect.
Why use the "growth theory" to look at it? It is because there is no perfect person in this world, nothing is finished, a person's growth is stumbling, to learn to walk will always fall a few falls, but as long as he has the temperament, wisdom is there, the starting point is good, after making mistakes, summarize, reflect, and then stride forward, and finally realize the ideal, this is the growth experience of a flesh-and-blood person, but also the growth experience of a flesh-and-blood party.
When the Communist Party of China was just founded, it was his nascent stage, and at this time it was dominated by Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, and a number of other ancestors; in China at this time, in China in 1921, there were warlords divided and there was no unified central government, Zhang Zuolin, Yan Xishan, Duan Qirui, Wu Peifu, Chen Jiongming, and so on, each of them had a piece of China, and there was imperialism on the outside, and it cultivated agents to seize economic interests at home, such as cutting Shanghai into various concessions, giving birth to all kinds of compradors and gangsters. The average life expectancy of urban residents in the country is 40 years old, which is worse than the average life expectancy of 55 years in the early Qing Dynasty, in 1932, there were only 422247 teaching staff in 234796 primary schools in the country, and there were only 1.8 teaching staff in each primary school, according to the statistics of the educator Shu Xincheng, only one person per 864 people in the Republic of China could finish middle school, and after reading junior high school, there were only 15216 graduates of college or above in the country.
The Republic of China is not the Republic of China in the romance dramas we see now, the Republic of China in television and novels are the stories of rich people, ordinary people have no opportunity to study, it is extremely difficult to eat enough, the richest Shanghai has to freeze and starve hundreds of people every day, there are floating corpses in the Huangpu River every day, and The Pushan Mountain Villa in Shanghai's Zhabei District has specially established a corpse collection team to collect the remains of children in the streets and alleys every day.
Many ignorant people fantasize about crossing to the Republic of China to be a big miss, in fact, in the Republic of China, you can have food to eat, you can survive is not bad, you can finish high school, you can live past forty-five years old, it is a great creation, more than 800 people have only one to finish middle school, almost equivalent to a village to produce a high school student.
Imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic capitalism are the mountains that weigh on every commoner in the Republic of China, and the compradors who collude with them live a life of idleness and superiority.
In such an environment, the newborn Communist Party of China sought a road to save the country, a line of uniting the people and serving the majority of the peasants and the working class; the first batch of founders, generally with good economic conditions at home, knew that there was a danger of killing heads in the revolution, and let go of the peaceful days, but also resolutely held the ideal of saving China, while At the same time, Hu Shi, who looked clear-eyed, finally only cared about his own peaceful birthday, only wanted to cheat a few more doctorates, and had excellent social resources. However, they avoid fighting for the national interest and do not care about the interests of the nation at all.
In the initial period of entrepreneurship, everyone was full of enthusiasm, but also because of the setbacks and doubts in real life, the future of the Communist Party of China was full of unknowns, chen Duxiu, one of the founders of the Communist Party of China, would also have illusions about the enemy, taking it lightly and causing the party organization to be slaughtered by Chiang Kai-shek. Chen Duxiu's close friend Li Dazhao was hanged by Zhang Zuolin, the eldest son Chen Yannian was hacked to death by an executioner, and the second son Chen Qiaonian was shot and killed after being arrested.
Photo of Li Dazhao before his death
In 1938, Zhou Enlai visited him in Chongqing and asked him to write a check back to Yan'an, Chen Duxiu said: "Shou Chang is dead, Yan Nian is dead... Except for Enlai and Runzhi, there are no people in the central authorities that I know..." For the sake of the revolution, chen Duxiu's companions all the way died at the hands of the enemy, and his words were full of bitterness.
His son Chen Qiaonian inherited this backbone, and before he died, Chen Qiaonian also said to his fellow prisoners:
Let our children and grandchildren enjoy the happiness of the people who have cut through the thorns and thorns of their predecessors!
This is the nascent stage of the Chinese Communist Party, with both immature and indomitable sides.
When the Communist Party of China realized that it wanted to "get out of power from the barrel of a gun," it began to shake off its past naivety and began to learn about armed struggle.
However, at this time, there were also two major problems, one was that the military level was not enough, and the other was that the overall situation was controlled by the Communist International at that time.
In 1927, the Jinggangshan base area was established, and in 1930 it began to counter-encirclement and suppression; for the first time, it used the tactic of luring the enemy to go deep to fight the Longgang ambush battle, annihilating 12,000 enemy troops, capturing the enemy's division commander alive.
Moreover, these four battles led by Mao Zedong and Zhu De were all won more with less, the first was 40,000 to 100,000, the second was 40,000 to 200,000, the third was 30,000 to 300,000, and the fourth was 70,000 to 400,000, and a large number of outstanding military talents were trained.
From the founding of the party in 1921 to the beginning of the anti-encirclement and suppression campaign in 1930, and the end of the fourth anti-encirclement and suppression campaign in 1933, but in just 12 years, it has changed from having illusions about struggle in the Chen Duxiu period to the military victory of attacking the strong with weakness and carrying ten times the maximum strength of the enemy army, and the first growth problem of the Communist Party of China has been solved.
However, in the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression campaign, Chiang Kai-shek hired the German chief of the general staff in World War I as a military adviser, mobilized 1 million troops, and adopted the method of building bunkers layer by layer to advance into the abdomen of the Central Soviet Region, and the command of the Central Soviet Region fell into the hands of Bogu, who at this time was only in his twenties, did not understand the military, and was also influenced by Wang Ming's radical ideas, and let his acquaintance German Li De be the military adviser of the Red Army. The Red Army suffered huge losses and was forced to start the Long March, and at the beginning of the Battle of the Xiang River, the Red Army was once again defeated, from more than 80,000 people to 30,000 people.
Here we can see that militarily, the Chinese leadership knows China better, that to fight a war is to adapt to local conditions, not to impose the theory of the Communist International, and in the same way that socialism is placed in China, it should also be "socialism with Chinese characteristics", the theory is dead, things are alive, ideals must be needed, and methods must be adapted to changes.
The Comintern both helped and caused great restraint to the early Communist Party of China; on the long march, Mao Zedong also completed his personal transformation, and he knew better how to persuade and unite people; he went to Zhang Wentian and Wang Jiaxiang to constantly discuss the reasons for the failure of the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression campaign, analyzed the command mistakes of Bogu and Li De, and at the Zunyi Conference in 1935, the military was changed to the command of Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and Wang Jiaxiang, and the Red Army immediately restored the combat capability of the first four anti-encirclement and suppression campaigns, and arrived in northern Shaanxi in October to open up a new base area.
When the Red Army completed the twenty-five thousand mile long march, after countless tribulations to gain a firm foothold, in 1937 Wang Ming fell from the sky again, he studied in the Soviet Union for many years, had the opportunity to be close to Stalin, so at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee in January 1931, the representative of the Communist International, Mif, was designated as a member of the Politburo and grasped the leadership of the Central Committee, and in 1931 the revolution entered a period of crisis, Wang Ming turned around in October and took refuge in the Soviet Union, leaving Bogu remote control command, causing a catastrophe for the Red Army, and the situation in the Red Army was stable in 1937. Under the banner of the Comintern, he returned to Yan'an to grab the top spot, but by this time the Chinese revolutionary team had already experienced the test of blood and fire, knew what was the line suitable for China, and Wang Ming failed to seize power.
This is the second stage of the growth of the Communist Party of China, and it is clearly aware of what is the theory suitable for China, and the revolutionary cause Chinese must be accomplished by chinese methods and by Chinese himself.
When the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Moscow, Chen Duxiu once angrily said to his friends: China's problem is Chinese understand or foreigners understand? Do I understand the Chinese revolution or Stalin understands the Chinese revolution? The Chinese revolution still needs to be led by Chinese.
Facts have proved that Chen Duxiu's judgment is correct; Wang Ming, who returned from the Soviet Union, could not save China, and only Mao Zedong and others who had experienced the grassroots and grew up step by step from the people knew how to lead the Chinese revolution.
From September 1937 to October 1938, the Eighth Route Army grew to 156,000 people, the New Fourth Army grew to 25,000 people, the total population of the anti-Japanese base areas behind the enemy lines reached more than 50 million, and the scope of the base areas, from a small part of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, to a vast area of north China, central China, and south China. As the number of troops after the Japanese army penetrated deep into China, the number of troops became more and more dispersed, and after that, the War of Resistance Against Japan formed a pattern in which the Kuomintang was the frontal battlefield, the Japanese army shrank along the line of communication, and the Communists took the rural areas to stand with the Japanese army.
The Chinese Communist Party's comprehensive penetration into the countryside also laid the foundation for the subsequent victory in the War of Liberation, when the vast majority of the country's population was still peasants, and to understand the peasants was to understand the ordinary Chinese people.
During the War of Liberation, Chiang Kai-shek relied on the Jiangsu and Zhejiang chaebols, and when he sent Chiang Ching-kuo to Shanghai to fight the tigers, Chiang Ching-kuo's slogan was: "The speculators will not be overthrown, the adventurers will not be driven away, the upstarts will not be eliminated, and the people of Shanghai will never be at peace." He also shouted out the bold words of "not hesitating to use human heads to level prices and overthrow the capital of the giants."
When Jiang Chingguo went to Shanghai, he first arrested the rice merchant Wan Molin, the paper merchant Zhan Peilin, and the Shenxin spinning factory Rong Hongyuan into prison, calmed down the price of goods in Shanghai, and then arrested Du Weiping, the son of Du Yuesheng, who had speculated and fell, and sentenced him to 6 months in prison. The telegram was sent to Chiang Kai-shek, who was still on the northeast front, and Chiang Kai-shek had no choice but to fly back to Shanghai, scolding Chiang Ching-kuo for not taking it lightly or seriously, and telling him to hurry up and calm down.
As a result, Chiang Ching-kuo won nothing in fighting the tiger, and the price of goods in Shanghai rose in retaliation, and Chiang Ching-kuo wrote in his diary:
The average middle class, resentful of not being able to buy anything, and dissatisfied with the increase in the price of small dishes, is now in an embattled situation.
It can be seen from this incident that Chiang Kai-shek is ultimately dependent on the Chaebols of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and what he represents is ultimately the interests of the Chaebols, who can manipulate prices and do whatever they want in order to make money, and then rely on Chiang Kai-shek's power to be protected, that is, bureaucratic monopoly capitalism.
While Chiang Kai-shek was defending the interests of the chaebols, the Communist Party of China "attacked local tyrants and divided up the land" in the Soviet zone. The distribution of the means of production to the peasants frees them from exploitation repeated by the landlords for thousands of years.
Why did the masses of the people stand on the side of the Communist Party of China in the War of Liberation? Why is the Battle of Huaihai called "a victory for millions of people pushed out with unicycles"? Is it because since the founding of the party by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao, it was for the interests of the people at the grass-roots level, not for the interests of the chaebols.
From the founding of the party in 1921 to the founding of the country in 1949, it took only 28 years for the Communist Party of China to accomplish this magnificent historical feat, and its political, military, and organizational capabilities have all developed rapidly, and it has begun to carry out its own socialist revolution according to local conditions. A large number of outstanding military talents, such as Lin Biao, Chen Yi, Luo Ronghuan, Su Yu, Tan Zheng, Huang Kecheng, Huang Gongluo, and Wu Zhonghao, were born, and they trained a master-level level of interstitial tactics; from the anti-encirclement and suppression and the War of Liberation to the Korean War, they played interspersed tactics to the extreme, and destroyed the enemy one by one.
If the Communist Party is regarded as a company, the company's talent echelon construction and internal training are super-first-class.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Communist Party faced a more difficult problem than winning the war, that is, how to lead a country that was extremely poor to become rich while guaranteeing independent sovereignty.
After the founding of the country, it can be divided into three stages, the first stage is the stage of defending the existing regime and protecting the sovereignty of the state.
This includes the Korean War, the undertaking of Soviet heavy industry, the suppression of bandits in the southwest, the construction of water conservancy, the national health campaign, the popularization of nine-year compulsory education, and the counterattack against Vietnamese self-defense, for a total of about 29 years.
Among them, the most difficult was the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, in which a newly independent agricultural country confronted 16 countries around the world in Korea and fought with them, leaving a serious psychological shadow on the United States since then.
But in the middle of this, the two major mistakes of the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution also occurred.
The second stage is reform and opening up to 2012.
At this time, the earliest batch of revolutionaries of the older generation have passed away one after another, like me born after 80, in fact, there is no opportunity to contact that generation in the process of growing up, and I have not seen the iron and blood of the motherland at all, at this stage of about 34 years, China's productive forces have been greatly improved, but the country has lost the cohesion of the founding of the country, the people's hearts have lost their spiritual pillar, and a large wave of intellectuals have begun to publicize to the people all kinds of ideas that trample on the Chinese nation, bullying the Chinese at that time to go abroad less, To promote a beautiful European and American world that never existed, when the Communist Party relaxed its self-control over the Party when it grasped economic construction, bureaucratic monopoly capitalism began to rise, which reduced the prestige of the Communist Party in the people and caused a serious crisis of trust.
The third phase is from 2012 to the present, and we are currently in this phase.
In the second stage, there were one-sided attacks on Comrade Mao Zedong under the influence of Western ideology, and there were also fierce contradictions between the government and the people; in the third stage, the country was put back on track through anti-corruption, poverty alleviation, strengthening the army, and mobilizing the distribution of social wealth; at this time, the main contradiction in China was no longer a domestic contradiction, but a contradiction suppressed by the United States in the international community.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, this period of history is still a process of continuous study and growth, and it has corrected its direction and mistakes several times in the middle and corrected its mistakes in a timely manner, so that the Communist Party can regain its vitality on the occasion of one hundred years.
Since socialism was only conceived by Marx, no one has ever practiced how to operate it concretely, theory is theory, practice is practice, and in the process of practice, we will certainly encounter all kinds of unimaginable difficulties and blows; socialism is constantly groping forward by mankind, the former Soviet Union went into a rage in the process of groping and killed itself; it is normal for us to encounter deviations in the process of groping, and it is not normal for us to reach communism smoothly.
Striking the world is the growth of one Communist Party, and ruling the world is another growth of the Communist Party, and the process of growth this time is more painful and longer.
We encountered such mistakes as the Cultural Revolution in the first stage, and even put forward the slogan of "three years to catch up with Britain, five years to be super beautiful", because the party was in the juvenile period of ruling the world at this stage, which was a bit similar to the state when Chen Duxiu founded the party, too idealistic, and the trust crisis mistake made in the second stage was because the party was in an immature youth period at this stage, developing the economy at all costs, fierce and fierce, but did not cover everything, and now the third stage is through careful governance, in addition to the real estate bubble in China, There is no extremely strong social contradiction, because at this time the party has entered middle age, mature in thinking, acting steadily, and returning to the original intention of the martyrs.
After the fall of the Soviet Union, drastic changes in Eastern Europe, the ideology of the Chinese people has been fiercely struggled, that is, everyone feels that socialism cannot be carried out, so the powerful Soviet Union has fallen, how can China continue to do it? It is as if a company has lost its corporate culture, and the whole of China is also anxious and painful in its thinking, and everyone feels that in addition to learning from the United States, it seems that there is no new way out, and the social ideological turmoil in the middle of the decades is mainly derived from this.
But fortunately, after walking around for a hundred years, the Communist Party of China has come back, restored its previous state of study and self-correction ability, and looked at the time when the Communist Party was first born, it only took more than ten years to cultivate a group of top military experts, and it took less than 28 years to create a brand-new country, and it only took 29 years to let a country that had been poor for more than a hundred years and was beaten by the European, American, and Japanese powers, and could push back the world's strongest army beyond the three-eighth line and beat them for a lifetime.
Such a terrible ability to learn, organize, and self-correct mistakes has finally returned on the occasion of his centenary.
Today's Communist Party must also build the first rich area of mankind in Zhejiang, get out of the political experiment that mankind has never had before, and continue to struggle against feudalism, imperialism, and bureaucratic monopoly capitalism.
Today's Achievements in China are indeed inseparable from the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and the achievements of China in the future also require him to play the spirit of twelve points and do a good job as a guide for the nation.
If Chen Qiaonian, who was first killed for the revolution 93 years ago, can see today, he should also feel very happy under the spring, and the words he said have finally become a reality.
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In 19 years, I wrote an article "Thirty Years of China's National Fortune", readers said that it was written very, very well, but only survived for 24 hours, and a large number of readers came to us hoping to see this article again.
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