Protagonist Profile. Kong Rong (153 – 208.09.26), courtesy name Wenju, also known as Kong Beihai and Kong Shaofu, was a native of the State of Lu (present-day Qufu, Shandong). A literary scholar at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, one of the "Seven Sons of Jian'an". He was the 20th grandson of Confucius and was well-educated. After Emperor Xian of Han ascended the throne, he served as the Marquis of the Northern Army, the General of the Tiger Army, the General of Beihai, the General of the General of the Great Master, and the Grand Master of Taizhong. Kong Rong liked guests and loved to criticize current politics, but was later killed for angering Cao Cao.
Luoyang should be tianmen
Idiomatic allusions one. The hour is over [xiǎo shí liǎo liǎo] from the Southern Dynasty Song Liu Yiqing's "World Speaking New Languages and Speeches".
Kong Rong was clever and clever from an early age, especially good at rhetoric, and at a young age, he has already enjoyed a high reputation in society. When he was 10 years old, he followed his father to Luoyang. At that time, the Henan Taishou and Si Li colonels in Luoyang √ were very prestigious Li Yuanli [yīng] Li Yuanli. Because Li Bing's talent was very important, the people who came and went in the Taishou Mansion were either his relatives or very talented people at that time. If it is not a celebrity visit, the gatekeeper will not inform as usual.
Kong Rong, who was only 10 years old, boldly went to visit this Taishou. He went to the gate of the palace and said to the gatekeeper, "I am a relative of Li Taishou, let me know." After the gatekeeper reported, Li Bing received him. Li Bing asked him, "What is your relationship with me?" Kong Rong replied, "Once upon a time, my ancestor Zhongni (i.e., Confucius) and your ancestor Boyang (referring to Lao tzu, Laozi's surname Li Ming'er, the character Boyang) had the dignity of a teacher (Confucius once asked Lao Tzu about etiquette), so you and I are also friends!" ”
At that time, there were many guests present, and Li Bing and his guests were very surprised by Kong Rong's words. Taizhong Doctor Chen Yun [wěi] later came to the Taishou Mansion, and the guests present told him Kong Rong's words, and he casually said: "It's an hour, and it may not be better." The clever Kong Rong immediately retorted, "I think Dr. Chen must have been very smart when he was young." Chen Yun was stunned by Kong Rong's words and could not speak for half a day.
Later generations quoted two sentences from this story and quoted "hours are up" into an idiom to show that children are born smart from an early age and know many things. But because there is a phrase "big is not necessarily better" below, the meaning of this idiom becomes: although the hour is very smart, once it grows up, it may not be able to become a talent. Just like Fang Zhongyong in Wang Anshi's "Wounded Zhongyong".
Idiom original text one. Kong Wenju was ten years old and followed his father to Luo. Shi Li Yuanli was famous as a lieutenant colonel. The master of the door, all juncai qing and middle cousin relatives, naitong. Wen Held up to the door and said to the official, "I am the prince of Li Province." Both through, sit forward. Yuan Li asked, "What is the relationship between the king and the servant?" "The former Emperor Zhongni and the Emperor Boyang had the honor of a teacher, and they were servants and jun yishi who were good friends." Yuan Li and guests are not surprised. When Dr. Chen Yun arrived, the man said in his language, "It's been an hour, but it's not necessarily better." Wen Ju said: "If you think of the king when you are young, you will be done." 韪大踧踖[cù jí].。
Luoyang Luanchuan Laojun Mountain
Idiomatic allusion two. The Year-forgotten Friendship [wàng nián zhī jiāo] is from the Southern Dynasty Song Fan Ye [yè] Later Han Shu You [mí] Heng Zhuan.
When You Heng and Kong Rong became friends, You Heng was not yet 20 years old, and Kong Rong was already 40 years old. It is precisely because Kong Rong values Your Talents that he is willing to make friends for many years. Later, "friendship of the year" became an idiom used to refer to making friends regardless of age.
Idiom original text two. "Heng began with a weak crown, and rong was forty years old, so he made friends with him."
Idiomatic allusions three. Kong Rong Rang Pear [ kǒng róng ràng lí ] is from the Southern Dynasty Song Fan Ye's Book of Later Han and the Biography of Kong Rong.
For thousands of years, there has been a story of moral education in China, which tells people that everything should be done in accordance with public order and good customs. These are all moral common sense. Kong Rong let the pear is the true story of the late Eastern Han Dynasty literary scholar Kong Rong. In the "Three Character Classic", "melting four years old can make pears" is derived from this.
When Kong Rong was four years old, he ate pears with his brothers, and Kong Rong always took small ones to eat. An adult asked him why he did this. He replied, "I'm young and I eat small, so I should take a small one." Because Kong Rong was clever and precocious, he understood such a truth at a very young age, and the clan relatives thought that he was a wizard.
Idiom original text three. "When I was four years old, I ate pears with my brothers and melted the younger ones." The adult asked why, and replied, "My little child, the law should be the one who takes the small." By is the clan strange.
Old photos of Luoyang (from the Internet)
Idiomatic allusions four. Under the nest there is a complete egg [fù cháo zhī xià ān yǒu wán luǎn] from the Southern Dynasty Song Liu Yiqing's "World Speaking New Languages and Speeches".
When Emperor Xian of Han was presented, Cao Cao monopolized the power of the imperial government and blackmailed the Son of Heaven to order the princes. Kong Rong has always been known as a moral sage, but the ancients evaluated him as "Wen Ru Kong Rong, Wu Ru Lü Bu, Wen Wu Cao Cao and zhi". Kong Rong was proud of his talents, but he was not a talent of the world, and often ridiculed Cao Cao. Once, Cao Cao led a large army to march south on Liu Bei and Sun Quan, but Kong Rong objected and persuaded Cao Cao to stop sending troops. Cao Cao did not listen, and Kong Rong complained behind his back. When Yushi Dafu [kè] was worried about the discord between him and Kong Rong, when he learned of this situation, he reported to Cao Cao with more oil and vinegar, and also provoked: "Kong Rong has always looked down on you. Cao Cao was furious and immediately ordered Kong Rong's entire family to be arrested and executed. When Kong Rong was arrested, the court and beyond were terrified. At that time, Kong Rong's son was 9 years old and 8 years old, and the two sons were still playing the nail game as before, and they didn't look scared at all. Kong Rong said to the messenger: "I hope that the responsibility for the crime is limited to my own body, and the two sons can save their lives." His son said calmly, "Has my father ever seen a complete and unbroken bird's egg under the overturned nest?" Soon the men who had arrested them also arrived.
Idiom original text four. "The Day of the Messenger: 'If sin ceases in the body, the second child will not be able to get all?' Er Xu Jin said: 'Lord, will you see that under the nest, there are complete eggs?' Seek and receive. ”
Luoyang peony
Trivia: The Seven Sons of Jian'an is the collective name of seven literary scholars during the Jian'an period (196-220) at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, including Kong Rong, Chen Lin, Wang Yue, Xu Gan, Ruan Yu, Ying Yue, and Liu Zhen. It began with Cao Pi's "Treatise on Classics and Treatises": "The Literati of the Present, Lu Guo Kong Rong Wenju, Guangling Chen Lin Kong Zhang, Shanyang Wang Yue Zhongxuan, Beihai Xu GanweiChang, Chen Liu Ruan Yu Yuanyu, Runan Ying Yue Delian, Dongping Liu Zhen Gonggan."