<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8" > preface</h1>
One day in 1977, Pan Yuliang struggled from his sickbed. She trembled and took out a pocket watch from her chest, took a necklace from her neck, and handed it to Wang Shouyi, who was beside her.
She said:
Brother, for many years, there has been labor for you to take care of. Now I can't do it, and I still have one more thing to do. Please bring these two things back to the motherland and give them to Zanhua's children and grandchildren, as well as my self-portrait, even if I return to the motherland!
Wang Shouyi tearfully agreed, waiting for Pan Yuliang's life to come to a slow end.
A few days later, Wang Shouyi buried Pan Yuliang in the Montparnasse Cemetery in Paris. Sleeping there are many world-class artists such as the writer Maupassant. He elaborately made a black marble tombstone for her, on which was engraved the words "Tomb of the World Artist Pan Yuliang", and several exquisite medals were neatly arranged next to the large characters.
Through this tombstone, we seem to be able to glimpse the legendary years of a generation of painters Pan Yuliang. From being sold to the Qinglou at the age of 14 to becoming a world celebrity, Pan Yuliang's indomitability and tenacity wrote the hymns of women belonging to that era. Behind the infinite scenery, there is a lonely, miserable, and nowhere to put the soul.
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Pan Yuliang, whose original name was Chen Xiuqing, was born in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province in 1895. She lost her father at the age of 1 and her mother at the age of 8, and could only live in her uncle's house.
One day when he was 14 years old, his uncle said that he would send Yuliang to a foreign country to learn an "embroidery craft". When she returned to God, she had already arrived at a place called "Yichun Courtyard" in Wuhu, Anhui Province. She didn't know at the time that it would be the deepest scar in her life.
On the summer night of 1912, Yuliang was arranged by "mother" to sing songs at a banquet. It was the welcome party prepared by The celebrities of Wuhu for the newly arrived customs supervisor, Pan Zanhua.
Yu liang sang a song called "Bu Operator":
It is not love wind and dust, it seems to be mistaken by the leading edge. Flowers fall from time to time, always relying on the eastern monarch. If you go, you must go, and how do you live? If the mountain flowers are planted all over the head, Mo Qiannu returns.
The poignant tune and the gentle singing voice caused Pan Zanhua to be moved. He asked Yuliang, "Whose word is this?" Yu Liang replied, "It was a camp prostitute named Yan Rui in the Southern Song Dynasty, a person with the same fate as me." ”
Pan Zanhua blurted out: "Tomorrow you will accompany me on a tour of Wuhu!" ”
The next day, by the shore of Wuhu Lake, Pan Zanhua was like an old friend, sometimes pacing to enjoy the scenery, sometimes bowing his head to tell Yuliang about the relevant humanistic history. This made the 17-year-old Yuliang keenly aware that Pan Zanhua was a man she must not miss. So she confessed a shocking secret.
It turned out that Pan Zanhua had run a newspaper with Chen Duxiu at the age of 16, and later joined the League, and was a progressive youth. As soon as he took office, he launched a series of measures to rectify smuggling and tax evasion. This caused dissatisfaction among local merchants, who had long wanted to get rid of Pan Zanhua, and Yuliang, who could sing music, was the "bait" that had been arranged!
In this way, Yuliang saved Pan Zanhua's life. Pan Zanhua thanked Yuliang for saving his life, redeemed her with 200 silver dollars, and accepted her as a second wife, changing her name to Pan Yuliang. Thinking of Yuliang's talent, he also specially bought some primary school Chinese textbooks to teach her to read and write.
Pan Yuliang's "My Family"
After studying for many days, Pan Yuliang was able to personally read a hymn given to her by her husband:
The original is the ice muscle white body, exquisite heart song ben born. Rambling is buried without color, and once the sludge comes out, it can be people.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="117" >2</h1>
In 1913, the "Second Revolution" failed, and Pan Zanhua fled to Shanghai with his family and lived in Huanlong Road in the French Concession. Pan Yuliang met the second noble person in her life here, Chen Duxiu.
At that time, there was a painter named "Hongye" living near Pan Yuliang's home, and because she saw Hongye painting by chance, she was out of control from then on, often sneaking to Hongye's house to observe, and then going home to learn to paint by herself.
Once Hong Ye accidentally saw her work and exclaimed: Yuliang is like the pu of Jingshan Mountain, once carved into a dazzling instrument.
Works by Pan Yuliang
Pan Zanhua's neighbor and friend, Chen Duxiu, learned of this and came forward to help Pan Yuliang go to the Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts to study systematically. This is her first step towards the world painting world.
After two years, Chen Duxiu relied on his influence in the education industry to win pan Yuliang the opportunity to study at public expense in Anhui Province.
In 1921, Pan Yuliang was admitted to the Sino-French University of Lyon in France at public expense, and became a classmate of Xu Beihong. Although Pan Zanhua did not understand the good of those "human body paintings" painted by Yuliang, he knew that Yuliang's sad heart could be redeemed by painting.
He went to the dock to see her off, and without saying much, he simply gave her a heart-shaped necklace studded with a picture of them.
A few years have passed, and the bitter women who used to be in the Qinglou have gradually emerged in the Western art world. Her work won the gold medal at the Italian International Fine Arts Exhibition and became a hit.
After studying abroad for 7 years, she returned to China and held her first solo exhibition. Then he was invited by Liu Haisu, the principal of Shanghai Art College, to teach at the school.
Pan Yuliang was overjoyed. After all, while insisting on painting, she can also live with her lover. Yet the domestic gossip about her has hardly stopped. Finally, one day, something happened that exceeded her bottom line.
On January 28, 1936, Pan Yuliang held his fifth solo art exhibition in Nanjing. Among them, "Manpower Heroes" is deeply loved by the Minister of Education of the National Government.
However, the next day, Pan Yuliang arrived at the venue and found that "Manpower Heroes" had already been destroyed to pieces. The troublemakers also left a sentence: This is a prostitute's praise to the prostitute.
Pan Yuliang was shocked to realize that no matter how hard she tried, no matter how talented she was, she could not get rid of the prejudices of the world. She is unlikely to be recognized at home, not even to the slightest level of respect.
In 1937, Pan Yuliang decided to go to France again. Pan Zanhua, like that early morning 16 years ago, stood at the dock to send her off. He took out the pocket watch that Cai Yi had given him and forwarded it to her, still without saying much.
Pan Zanhua understands that the domestic situation is becoming more and more tense, and the situation in Europe is not much better, which is a parting of the country without a return date. But he also knew that the woman in front of him was so miserable and lonely that only art could truly save her.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="126" >3</h1>
In early 1938, on his way to the exhibition, Pan Yuliang learned the news of the fall of Nanjing. She then remembered that her husband Pan Zanhua seemed to have not written to her for a long time, nor had he sent her living expenses.
During this period, Europe was also shrouded in the shadow of Nazi Germany, and Pan Yuliang had a hard time. At this time, a third nobleman appeared in her life, the patriotic overseas Chinese Wang Shouyi.
Pan Yuliang and Wang Shouyi
Wang Shouyi is 12 years younger than Pan Yuliang and has studied from her for a while. Hearing that Pan Yuliang's life was difficult, he often introduced her to painting and statue work. After coming and going, Wang Shouyi developed a different kind of affection for this talented woman in addition to the friendship of compatriots.
Once, he couldn't help but confess to Pan Yuliang: "I know you have pain, and this can't hide the person who loves you strongly!" ”
Pan Yuliang smiled bitterly and replied to him: "I don't deny it, I have pain, but there is also relief, that is, Zanhua and I sincerely love each other, although I am separated from him in a foreign country, I believe that one day, I will return to his side." ”
In 1940, Pan Yuliang created a self-portrait: behind the red cheongsam is a piece of cloth of flower color, and the protagonist's expression is particularly sad against such a warm background. She held a family letter in her right hand, and the word "Yuliang" was faintly on the envelope. Presumably she wrote one letter after another, but she didn't know where to send it.
Ban Tamara Self-Portrait
Loneliness and misery are all integrated into Pan Yuliang's passion for creation, and honors are also pouring in. She has been awarded the French National Gold Medal, the French Cultural Education and Medal, the Belgian National Gold Medal and other world-class reputations.
On the one hand, respect and honor are the ultimate sense of self-worth; on the other hand, it is the thought of her husband, the concern for the deceased and the homeland, and the two emotions alternate back and forth, often torturing Pan Yuliang.
She set herself the "three noes" principle: no love, no signing with galleries, and no French citizenship. Not to fall in love is to be loyal to Panzanhua; not to sign a contract is to be loyal to art; not to enter the French nationality is to be loyal to the motherland. Pan Yuliang, who was picked up and abandoned by fate, left and picked up, always knew his bottom line.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="129" > ending</h1>
In 1952, Pan Yuliang finally received a letter from Pan Zanhua after 16 years. He introduced himself and the deceased and looked forward to an early reunion with her.
Pan Yuliang was excited, and she was nearly sixty years old, and she wanted to know, what does her husband look like now? Is the hair gray? How many teeth are left?
Pan Yuliang and Pan Zanhua
However, it was not long before Pan Zanhua was like more than ten years ago, sometimes letters and sometimes disappeared. In 1958, he sent a long letter, but he told her: Don't return to China for the time being, take care of your health...
In 1964, when China and France established diplomatic relations, a lady named Wang Ping suddenly came to Pan Yuliang. She brought bad news: Pan Zanhua died in July 1959!
Pan Yuliang immediately cried bitterly. This man gave her a second life, and he could not share his fame with it, even the last days could not be accompanied by the bed, and even after 5 years, he did not know the news of his death!
In the last few years, Pan Yuliang's hope of returning to China burned and extinguished, extinguished and burned, and never stopped. In her final letter to her stepson Pan Mu, she said:
My spirit is very painful, and I am always thinking about the motherland. You like to eat the braised pork I made, and when I come back, I'll make it for you... Just go back and my illness will be cured.
After all, she still could not return to her homeland, and the pocket watch and necklace that Pan Zanhua gave her are now stored in the homes of his descendants. In 1984, the motherland took several twists and turns to transport her paintings back to Hefei, Anhui Province. And her soul was destined to drift around.
-end
@ Chang'an Yizhi