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Yuanzhi is also called Pao, line catechu, etc., in China's distribution range is wide, but has always been a very scarce medicinal material, the market demand is large, the economic value is high. In such a situation, how much money does it cost to plant an acre of Yuanzhi? What is the yield per mu in general? What are the economic benefits of growing? Is there any prospect for planting?
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First, the prospect of planting
Yuanzhi is a kind of bulk medicinal materials, so the market demand is very large, and the wild resources are gradually depleted after vigorous mining and excavation, and there is a shortage of goods in the market. Although the scale of cultivation has been continuously increased in recent years, the contradiction between supply and demand of Yuanzhi in the market is still very fierce, especially the export of Yuanzhi is extremely rare. There is also the fact that the medicinal value of Yuanzhi itself is relatively high, and the use value is also very high, the market price is high, and the economic benefits are considerable, which is also a manifestation of its own value. In such a market environment, the prospect of planting Yuanzhi is still very broad.
Second, the price of Yuanzhi
This year, Yuanzhi's output is relatively stable, the market situation is better, and the price market is stable. At present, the price of Yuanzhi meat on the market is about fifty to eighty yuan; and the first-level Yuanzhi cylinder is about one hundred and sixty to one hundred and eighty yuan; the second-level Yuanzhi cylinder is relatively cheaper than the first-level Yuanzhi cylinder, almost one hundred and twenty yuan or so; there is also the mixed-grade Yuanzhi cylinder is about one hundred and eleven to one hundred and fifteen yuan; so there are certain differences in the market price of different levels of Yuanzhi and different regions.
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Third, what is the yield per mu?
The yield of Yuanzhi cultivation is not as high as that of other medicinal plants, and its yield per mu is not high. Now planting one acre of Yuanzhi, it can produce about 250 kilograms to 300 kilograms of fresh Yuanzhi. After processing and processing, the difference in the output of the dry Yuanzhi is not much about one hundred and five to two hundred kilograms; and this is still a relatively high-yieldIng Yuanzhi, if it encounters natural disasters, or other impacts, perhaps the final processing output is not more than one hundred and eighty kilograms.
Fourth, planting benefits
Yuanzhi planting first needs to rent land, the rent is generally about six hundred yuan; followed by the purchase of Yuanzhi seeds, at least three or four kilograms per mu, the seed price is about one hundred and eighty yuan a kilogram, then the seed cost is about five hundred to six hundred; there is the cost of fertilizer required for planting, almost only three hundred yuan; and finally the labor cost input, an acre is almost seven hundred yuan; then the total cost input is about two thousand two. And the yield per mu is calculated as 150 to 200 kilograms, and the purchase price of Yuanzhi is 70 to 110 yuan, so the total income from planting is between 11,000 and 17,000. After subtracting the cost of planting, the net profit per acre ranges from 8,000 to 14,000.
From the above content analysis, we can understand the economic benefits of Yuanzhi planting, and at the same time, we can also understand that the profit margin of Yuanzhi cultivation is very large. So why is the yield still not enough? In fact, the most important problem is the planting technology problem, so we still need to master the professional technology of planting Yuanzhi before planting, and improve the yield and quality of Yuanzhi.
Fifth, planting technology
Yuanzhi uses seeds to propagate directly, sowing in spring from March to April, summer sowing after wheat harvest, autumn sowing from mid-October to early November, and autumn sowing in the spring of the following year. Yuanzhi can also be planted between the rows of small fruit trees, and large fruit trees should not be planted. Be careful to stay 30-50 cm away from the plants planted so as not to hurt the roots during harvesting.
1. Fertilize the land. Yuanzhi is very adaptable and generally grows in soil. It is advisable to choose sandy or semi-sandy soils with high and dry terrain, sunny, deep soil layer, fertile and well drainage. Before planting, 2000-2500 kg of manure and 40 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer were applied, and after spreading the ground, the deep turn was more than 30 cm, and the rake was leveled to make a furrow with a width of 1.5-2 meters.
2. Selection and treatment. Select seeds that are full of granules and are disease-free, soaked in water for 12 hours and fished out, mixed with 2 times the volume of wet sand, piled up in cold places, maintain humidity, stirred once a day, and sown in a few days when the nails are squeezed with buds. Summer sowing can be sown directly, without processing. Increase the number of seeds planted in arid areas.
3. Sowing. Mu with seeds 3-4 kg. Mixing with Chinese herbal replanting agent can increase yield and enhance disease resistance. The row spacing is 21-24 cm, and the groove depth is 1-1.5 cm. After planting, gently step on or cover the wheat bran to protect the mound. Then water, the soil wet can not be watered. Seedlings are generally emerging 15 days after sowing.
4. Closed weeding. After sowing and watering, the soil is slightly dry, and the sealing drug dimethyl pentylene can be sprayed, which can effectively control the annual grass weeds and some broad-leaved weeds.
5. Intermediate seedlings are fixed. Live broadcasting in seedling height 5-7 cm time seedlings, to not crowded is appropriate. General dense planting is higher than that of rare planting. Timely replacement of missing seedlings.
6. Weeding in medium cultivation. It is advisable to cut through the land. When the seedling is 10 cm tall, it can spray a special herbicide after the seedling, and the grass can be killed and killed, which can remove most of the weeds. The temperature exceeds 28 ° C with caution, and the ground is moist and has a good effect. If the occlusive drug has been sprayed before the emergence of seedlings, and then sprayed with a special herbicide in the later stage, the entire growth period is basically unharmed by weeds.
7. Topdressing. From May to June, the demand for water and fertilizer increases, and 1 bag of Jiamei bonus + Jiamei brain platinum can be chased with water per mu; or 1 bag of Jiamei dividend + Jiamei profit is 4-5 kg. After the rainy season from July to August, 1 bag of Jiamei bonus + 1 bag of Jiamei brain platinum per acre with water, while foliar spraying of 1000 times liquid Jiamei brain platinum 2-3 times will help expand the root production. Pay attention to drainage during the rainy season to prevent lodging and rotten roots.
8. Remove flowers. The flowering period of Yuanzhi is up to 3 months, flowering consumes a lot of nutrients, and can spray bud inhibitors to promote root development, increase production and income.
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9. Pest control.
(1) Leaf blight. The lower leaves of the plant develop disease in the initial stage and gradually spread upwards. At the beginning of the disease, small brown round spots are produced on the leaf surface, then the spots expand and the central part becomes gray-brown, and finally the leaves are scorched and the plant dies. It can be sprayed with 800-1000 times of zinc or 800 times of ruixin mold + 1000 times liquid of Jiamei point, once every 7 days, twice can be controlled.
(2) Root rot. At the beginning of the disease, the rhizome becomes locally brown and decayed, and the base of the petiole becomes brown, prismatic or oval spots, and finally the base of the petiole rots out, the leaves die, and the rhizome rots. Increased application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer Jiamei dividend, Jiamei brain platinum, pre-seed and Chinese herbal replanting agent stirring can be prevented. Found the diseased plant, pulled out in time, the disease hole with 10% lime water disinfection. After the onset of the disease, methyl tolbuzin + xanthocylvic + Jiamei dividend 1000 times liquid leaching root irrigation prevention and control.
(3) Coriander. Harmful to leaves and young leaves. Spray with chlorobenzoxybenzamide, insect mite nitrile + Jiamei point 1000 times liquid, once every 5-7 days, and spray 2 times.
(4) Red spiders, grubs and other pests. Mu with 3% octyl thiophos granules 3-4 kg, mixed fine sand soil 10 kg to make medicinal soil, in the preparation of the land evenly sprinkled, can prevent grubs. Red spider uses the good egg killing effect of the agent spironite, acetamide, Baozhuo (tetazole mite nitrile), etc., with avermectin with good killing effect of adult insects, with mineral oil, jiamei coin point and so on. The focus is on the leaf back, the surface, etc.
10. Harvesting, processing and storage.
(1) Harvest seeds. The 2-year-old Yuanzhi produces fewer seeds than the 3-year-olds, and the 3-year-old mu produces about 50 kg of seeds. Yuanzhi has a long flowering period, the seeds are gradually ripening, they should be harvested in batches, and after falling to the ground, they can be collected with a household vacuum cleaner and dried.
(2) Harvest the roots. Roots can be harvested after planting for more than 2 years. Harvested in the fall when the plant begins to wilt or in the spring when the land is just beginning to bloom. The output of dry goods per mu is 120-200 kg, and the drying rate is 30%.
(3) Processing. After harvesting, when the skin is slightly wrinkled, wrap it tightly with plastic sheeting to make it "sweaty", and then take advantage of the fresh extraction of the "Yuanzhi Tube"; if it cannot be pumped, the skin can be cut open, and then remove the rafter, called "Yuanzhi meat"; the small roots cannot be removed, and the direct sun-dried is called "Yuanzhi Stick". The aboveground part of the slender leaf Yuanzhi is called "small grass" and can also be used for medicine.
(4) Storage. The safe moisture of the product is 9%-13%, the storage temperature is below 30 °C, and the relative humidity is 70%-75%. Summer high temperature, high humidity, not easy to close to moisture, oil or insect moths. Therefore, it is necessary to check regularly during the storage period, and the sealing nitrogen and oxygen reduction maintenance can be carried out in the rainy season.
(5) Product specifications. The first-class Yuanzhi tube is 7 cm long, the middle diameter is more than 0.5 cm, the surface is light brown or grayish yellow, the surface has deep horizontal wrinkles, the skin is thick and thick, the texture is brittle and easy to break, the section is yellow and white, the smell is special, the taste is bitter and slightly spicy, and there is no wood heart, impurities, insect moths, and mildew. The second-class yuanzhi cylinder is 5 cm long, the middle diameter is more than 0.3 cm, and the other standards are the same. Yuanzhi meat is dry, more cracked and broken fleshy root skin, light brown or grayish yellow on the surface, there are horizontal wrinkles, the thickness of the skin varies, the texture is brittle and easy to break, the section is yellow and white, the smell is special, the taste is bitter and slightly spicy, there is no impurity, insect moth, mildew.
This article was written by cathay pacific's technical team
bibliography:
"Analysis of the planting benefits of Yuanzhi! Qiannong Network
How to Grow Yuanzhi? Chinese herbal medicine Yuanzhi high yield cultivation technology! "Growing a rich net