The earliest thing I can remember is because of the casserole here. These black casseroles are all over Bashu and exported to the Yangtze River Delta region, and they used to use this very old casserole pot to boil Chinese medicine, and people relied on small casseroles to treat diseases. In the last century, The Xingjing casserole pot has entered the minds of the Chinese people with simple terms, with the recovery of the economy, the cuisine has begun to appear in the next stage, stews are in all major cuisines in China, larger than the boiling casserole pot appeared, people began to use it to stew food, Xingjing has a famous dish is cooked with a casserole pot as a vessel - casserole yayu. After all, ya fish is rare and expensive, and it is indeed more delicious to be born with casserole fish heads and casserole chicken, the same ingredients, stewed in casseroles. The principle is: use a casserole to cook ingredients, the casserole cooked at high temperature will not have a chemical reaction with the acid, alkali and salt in the food, and the advantages of quality preservation, heat preservation, freshness, harmlessness to the human body, etc., is the ideal drinking utensils.
The long-established art of making black sand
Photography | Liu Qiankun
The only place of origin of these sandware is in Yandao Town, Xingjing County, located in the 108 National Road sandware manufacturers, early in the morning to open the door layout, the various styles of sandware from the house out of the house, in front of the shop, so that the passing vehicles can see these landscapes composed of countless sandware, sandware street is slowly taking shape in the passage of time. To this day, in addition to the large and small casseroles, the black sand series of Xingjing has formed a cultural and creative series, including ornaments, tea sets, etc., especially famous for tea sets. The production of tea sets only began at the beginning of this century, did not expect to change the way of thinking, open up new products, less than 20 years, but also let this traditional craft from a thousand years ago shine - in 2008, the handmade art of Xingjing black sand was listed in the national intangible cultural heritage, enjoying the reputation of "Yixing purple sand in the east and black sand in the west".
In the field next to these sandware workshops, there stands a stone stele: Yandao Ancient City, which was erected by the Sichuan Provincial People's Government in the 1980s and is a provincial-level cultural protection area recognized by the provincial government. This name originates from the Qin Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago!
Qin destroyed Bashu and placed Shu County in the southwest, and the areas of western and northwestern Sichuan, including Xingjing, were officially incorporated into the Central Plains. In the thirteenth year of the reign of King Huiwen of Qin (312 BC), the county name Yandao was placed in the ancient city village of present-day Liuhe Township. The ruins of the ancient city are located in the ancient city of Ping, present-day Liuhe Township, about 2 kilometers west of present-day Yandao Town, on the third stage of the south bank of the Xing River. Yan Dao was used for thousands of years since the Qin and Han dynasties, and it was not until the Tang Dynasty that it was renamed Xingjing County.
Nine dangerous locks
A spear with the word "Chengdu" engraved on it unearthed in the Warring States tomb
Han Dynasty sarcophagus, exquisitely carved
Among the cultural relics unearthed in Xingjing County, there are ancient tombs from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qin and Han Dynasties, there are Bashu-style ship coffins, there are "Bashu Tuyu" seals that have not yet been interpreted, there are a large number of bronzes with Bashu cultural symbols, and many cultural relics have been unearthed since the Qin and Han Dynasties. I remember very deeply a spear used by a samurai, on which the word "Chengdu" is written in seal text, and the excavated tomb has been identified as a Warring States tomb by cultural relics and archaeologists. In 2017, in the coffins of dozens of Warring States ships in the city of Pujiang County, Chengdu, a spear of roughly the same shape and style was found, coincidentally, and the word "Chengdu" was still inscribed on it. It shows that more than 2,000 years ago, there was frequent exchange between the rich Chengdu Plain and the Xingjing in the mountains, and among the cultural relics excavated from the Warring States to the Qin and Han Dynasties, it was quite prosperous at the beginning, and the reason was geographical. The northeastern part of Xingjing was a country of tianfu rich in products, and rich in products, whether it was official or private, at that time, it was necessary to take the Xingjing to Tibet and to poison (present-day India).
There are glorious ancient trails here
To verify this ancient road, it is necessary to rely on ancient maps. Turning over the "Atlas of Chinese History" compiled by Mr. Tan Qijun with all his life's energy, on the map of the Eastern Han Dynasty's "Northern History of Yizhou Thorn History", we can see the "Nine FoldIngsaka" contained in the history, the full name on the map is "Qionggong Nine Folding Ban", in its western part of the same latitude is Gongga Mountain, in its southeast is marked "Qionglai Dashan", the "Classic of Mountains and Seas" is called "Laishan Mountain", the "Book of Han" from "Lai", the Guangxu edition of the "Yazhou Fuzhi": "Qionglai Mountain is half of the Xingjing, half belongs to Qingxi". From a regional point of view, it is today's Daxiangling, which is the ancient Qionglai Mountain, according to the "Book of Han" from the "coming", it should be the meaning of the Qiong people coming south, that is, the qiong people's boundary mountain. According to the Book of Han - Biography of Wang Zun, the Yizhou Assassin Wang Yang saw the steep road and returned to the car in fear of falling off a cliff, and Xie Resigned from the government to return home to fulfill his filial piety; and the other Yizhou Thorn Shi Wang Zun drove through the dangerous road for the sake of the prestige of the Han Dynasty when he arrived at the Twenty-Fourth Plate. One is filial piety, one is loyal, and both are named in history. It seems that li Bai's mention of the difficulty of the Shu Road only refers to its road from the north to the river, and the road from the south out of the river is also difficult!
The Tea Horse Trail, which is still in use today
The famous Ho Jun Ge Dao Monument
A grotto statue on the edge of the Tea Horse Trail
The history book records about the Nine Foldsaka point out that the ice is frozen in the summer knot, and you can overlook the snow peaks in the distance, so from the Qing Dynasty ancient road where we hike daxiangling, it is all dense forest, there is no good view, and the humid climate cannot freeze the ice summer knot. Combined with the analysis of ancient maps, the nine-fold saka written by it is in the area of today's Niubei Mountain, and it is very likely that it is nine locks. And this road can still be restored today: Ya'an - Xintian Station - Miaogang - Guandu - Xingjing County - Lijiayan - Martyrs Township - Xinghe Gorge Trail - Siping - Xinmiaozi - Sanhe Township - Nine Locks - Sanjiao Township - Hualinping - Leng Moraine Town - Arrow Furnace (via Luding County). This is the ancient route out of the basin, and on the cliff of the martyrs' township through which this road passes, an ancient inscription was found: "He Junge Dao Stele". Its inscription reads: "Shu Commandery Taishou Pingling He Jun, dispatched to Qiong Shu Tuna, will rule the Way in vain, build a noble pavilion, fifty-five zhang, work hard for a thousand and ninety-eight days." Jianwu Zhongyuan was born in June of the second year of the Second Century. Dao Shi Ren Yun and Chen Chun Lord. "Although the inscription uses a round pen, the knot strives to break the circle of the seal body and stand in the direction of the book, and the pen is powerful and powerful, and the momentum is impressive. The round pen is in the center, the knot is wide and broad, and the seal meaning is seen at the time, and the Southern Song Dynasty Hongshi called it "the character method is strong, and the ancient meaning is more than enough". This inscription on the cliff above the ancient road is an important physical evidence of the Tea Horse Ancient Road and the Southern Silk Road, at least indicating that in the second year of the Middle Yuan (that is, 57 AD) of the Guangwu Emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the official organization of manpower and financial resources to build the road to achieve the purpose of transporting soldiers and materials.
From Chengdu and Qionglai silk products, cloth products, salt and iron and other materials, a steady stream of materials flowed to Xingjing, forming a vast procession out of the river, to the Qing Dynasty, a more shortcut to the official road appeared, that is, over the Yuexiangling To Hanyuan Yangquan Gate road, this road to the west is still with the above-mentioned Han Dynasty ancient road in the three intersections, continue west to reach the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. From the Yangquan Gate to the south, it reaches Southeast Asia and South Asia through Xichang-Tengchong-Ruili.
The thousand-year-old ancient road slowly fades out of the historical stage under the scenery of modern transportation, and Xingjing, under the traffic of the new era, relying on its unique resource advantages and transportation advantages, will still reappear in glory.
The scenery is unlimited, and the landscape is unique
Niubei Mountain is becoming a viewing platform that domestic photography enthusiasts want to visit, and in 2009, China National Geographic magazine described the wonderful Niubei Mountain as follows: "A ray of light suddenly dimmed the eastern skyline." Above the rolling sea of clouds, the peaks of the mountains appeared dreamily, looking at the extreme, from east to north and then to the west, Niba Mountain, Wawu Mountain, Emei Mountain, Jiajin Mountain, Siguniang Mountain and Erlang Mountain, almost all the famous mountains and mountains of the Kingdom of Heaven had become Linglong Bonsai at this time. Under the rolling clouds, the hills and hills gradually lowered, slowly merging into the Tianfu Plain where the rice waves were rolling. ”
Looking west at Niubei Mountain, you will often see spectacular seas of clouds and waterfalls
Photography | Tan Ling
This rising oxback mountain, then called Bison Mountain, 3666 meters above sea level, the height is not very high, but there is no shelter around it, the view is wide, so it has become a good place to see, because of its special location, just can see the famous mountain in Shu at a glance, known as "the largest viewing platform in Asia". Standing on Niubei Mountain, in addition to enjoying these magnificent natural landscapes, it is also an excellent place to appreciate the celestial landscape. Just as the opening of Niubei Mountain is just around the corner, and people are looking forward to 2019, Mr. Shan Zhiqiang, editor-in-chief of China National Geographic Magazine, once again wrote an article in the 9th issue of 2019, pointing out that Niubei Mountain is one of the best points for China to appreciate cloud waterfalls.
A sea of clouds in the TongtongGou Valley
Cloud waterfall is a landscape term that has appeared in recent years, which means that clouds and mist will naturally fall when crossing the mountain ridge, forming a general visual effect of water waterfall, but its area and scale will be more spectacular than that of water waterfall. To form a cloud waterfall, it is inseparable from several natural conditions, one is the need for mountains, as the physical conditions for the cloud to climb and fall, the other is to form a large amount of water condensation, and the Intersection of the Sichuan Basin and the Green Plateau where niubei Mountain is located is just right, in the plate movement, here has become an integral part of the Hengduan Mountain Range, the mountains dance, and at the same time the east-west cold and hot air flow collides here, forming a large amount of rainfall and cloud fog, which supports the physical conditions for the formation of the cloud waterfall. Mountains and waterfalls, sunrise and sunset and azaleas have become the landscape of Niubei Mountain that the world yearns for today, and there are beautiful scenery in the world, but the scenery is the only one here!
In the undulating mountains in the territory of Xingjing, if you don't see it, you will encounter a different kind of scenery. Admire Table Mountain, no less than what you see in Leshan. Wawu Mountain, a famous mountain in Shuzhong, is shared by Xingjing County and Hongya County, and in the territory of Hongya County, it can be seen across the lake, and its magnificence and mystery are not comparable to those seen in Xingjing County. In the Daxiangling Macao River Nature Reserve, the 38 piles and the two places at the mouth of the Macao River are a good place to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Table Mountain. The American botanist explorer Wilson once described Table Mountain (Dawa Mountain) as noah's ark floating in the sea of clouds in his southwest expedition. And such a sight can be felt when you look at The Wawu Mountain in the distance from the Macao River in The Territory of Yingjing!
In xingjing Longcanggou overlooking Wawu Mountain
Xingjing is currently the world's wild tung distribution of the place, forestry experts in the territory of The Wawu Mountain - Daxiangling Mountains in the territory of Xingjing to verify: the county's Huangsha River, Qingshui River Basin distribution area of 79,787 acres, concentrated in pieces of distribution of 39,440 acres, the area of the tree is large, the number of plants, the density of the high world rare, let the world marvel at the wonder of nature. We think the most representative flower viewing place is the copper factory ditch in Anjing Township, which can be accessed by off-road vehicles in the ditch. In May, when the pigeon blossoms are in full bloom, the off-road vehicle is completely through the sea of flowers composed of pigeon flowers, and the white and green bracts dance against the wind, just like the wings of the white pigeons in the sky.
The season when pigeons are flying is also the season when azaleas are in full bloom. Azaleas are affectionately known as "Yingshan Red" by the common people, and are one of the top ten famous flowers in China, and rank first among the three natural flowers in China (the other two are primroses and gentian flowers). Wawu Mountain has always been known as the "kingdom of the world's rhododendrons", in the Wawu Mountains grow more than 40 species of rhododendrons, this number of the proportion of wild species of rhododendrons in the country is as high as 60%, of which 17 species of rhododendrons found in the Wawu Mountains and named after wawu mountains are included in the British Royal Dictionary of Plants.
Rhododendrons, which grow at the western foot of Wawu Mountain, have evolved to form hardy traits. Every spring, even if it is in the spring snow, it is still proud and blooming, announcing the arrival of spring with tenacious vitality. Every year after the spring equinox, different varieties of rhododendrons compete to bloom, there are red, yellow, white, pink, the original forest of Daxiangling is decorated gorgeously and elegantly! In the Wawu Mountain-Daxiangling area, in addition to the common beauty rhododendron, large-leaf rhododendron, golden-capped rhododendron, Baoxing rhododendron, twist rhododendron, etc., there are also unique varieties in wawu mountainous areas, such as point rhododendron, tuanye rhododendron, visitor rhododendron, parasitic rhododendron. The Spring Sutra is a sea of flowers!
Wawu Mountain - Daxiangling area, has a very rich animal and plant resources, about 890 species of wild animals, here to share the natural gift of the homeland, of which there are more than 50 kinds of rare animals, such as giant pandas, antelopes, golden leopards and other national key protected wild animals, including 8 species of national key protection species, 309 species of birds, Jingjing County's Jinshan Village, Development Village, is now an international influence, and has an important status of bird watching base.
In winter, the snow in The Yingjing is beautiful
Written by | Liu Qiankun