August 25, 2021 10th Edition
"Cai Clan Genealogy" Republic of China Ten Years Edition Cai Yichen Preface Home Page (Cai Baiqing Brothers Collection)
On July 15th, Hubei Provincial Library held the 13th Hubei Sunshine Spectrum Festival, with the theme of "Red Family Tree Family Style Inheritance", aiming to carry forward the spirit of Hubei Red Revolution and promote excellent family style.
Dai Bo, director of the Department of Ancient Books and Local Literature of Hubei Provincial Library, introduced that the library has always regarded the construction of genealogical literature resources in Hubei as the focus of local literature work. Up to now, the museum has collected more than 20,000 books of 2,697 kinds of family trees, and more than 300 copies of 58 kinds of restored family trees.
Hubei Daily reporters selected four representative "red family trees" from hubei daily to show readers the revolutionary glory and the inheritance of red genes.
"World Unity" was written into the preface of the genealogy, and Cai Yichen gave up his small family for everyone
During the Period of the Great Revolution, Wuhan was full of heroes and heroes, occupying an important page in China's modern and contemporary history. The writer Pei Gaocai's "sword-casting pioneer" and "leader of the agricultural movement" (Dong Biwu's evaluation) Cai Yichen is the leader of this period.
Cai Yichen (1899-1928), the number of bin, the word is dusty. Born on January 29, 1899 in Huangpi, Wuhan, he actively participated in the student movement in Wuhan, and after graduation, he successively taught at the Provincial First Division Affiliated Primary School and Zhonghua University, and embarked on the revolutionary road. In 1923, he was introduced by Dong Biwu to join the Communist Party of China, and later became a prominent figure in the Autumn Harvest Uprising. In 1928, Cai Yichen died heroically in Hunan, and after the founding of New China, he was posthumously recognized as a revolutionary martyr.
Due to the untimely death of the martyr and the loss of historical materials, Pei Gaocai, Xiao Yan, the author of "Forged Sword" Pioneer Cai Yichen, once joined forces with the martyrs' families to search for the original archives of the martyrs at home and abroad. With the help of the patriarch Cai Peihua's father and son, they went to Xiaogan Yangdian to find the complete set of orphaned copies of the "Cai Family Genealogy" of the Republic of China Decade (1921) treasured by the Cai Baiqing brothers, and revisited the place where the martyrs fought, visited insiders, and finally restored the university professor's mental journey of walking out of the "ivory tower", pursuing the truth, and asking for the people's lives, and praised his great achievements in forging the soul of the righteous sword in iron blood in the crucible of the Great Revolution and the Agrarian Revolutionary War.
"In the world of great unity, we do not kiss our relatives alone, but we grow up, and we all brothers in all over the world." This is the preface to the genealogy written by Cai Yichen, then a professor at Chung Hua University, as one of the two editors who continued to revise Huang Pi's "Genealogy of cai" (1921 edition). In the preface, Cai Yichen opened the book with a clear meaning, warning the people: Only by practicing filial piety at home, loving one's parents, respecting the elders and loving the young, treating others with righteousness in society, following moral norms, and eliminating evil and promoting good, can we hope to establish a peaceful and prosperous world of "the world is just."
Pei Gaocai said that 1921 was the time when Cai Yichen accepted Marxist enlightenment. This preface, to some extent, reflects Cai Yichen's inner thoughts at that time.
In 1927, the Fifth National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Han, and after the opening ceremony was held in Wuchang on April 27, the congress was moved to Hankou at an appropriate time for security reasons. Before the conference, Cai Yichen said, "In terms of people, money, and materials, we will listen to the central government's allocation and strive to be a good host." From site planning to security and security, from personnel arrangements to outreach and cooperation, he actively participated and worked with his fellow villagers in Huangpi to recommend and coordinate the Huangpi Guild Hall as the second venue of the five major congresses of the Communist Party of China. On May 9, the congress elected the Central Commission, the first central discipline inspection agency in the party's history, and Cai Yichen was elected as a member of the first Central Control Commission.
After that, Cai Yichen went to Changsha to assist Mao Zedong in preparing for the Autumn Harvest Uprising. On the eve of the uprising, he categorically executed the captain of the mine police who defected to the enemy on the verge of rebellion, and because of the immediate handling, he avoided a rebellion, which was highly praised by Mao Zedong. During the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Cai Yichen led the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to occupy Liling County, and created and led the Xiangxi Special Committee of the Communist Party of China. On October 25, 1928, when organizing an armed rebellion, Cai Yichen was killed and sacrificed at the age of 30 due to betrayal by traitors. Before the righteousness, he left a poem of great poetry: Shen Ming Da Yi Chen, fighting swords to sweep away smoke and dust; horizontal swords and eyebrows smiling, loyal to Kunlun.
Cai Yasheng, the grandson of the martyr Cai Yichen, said in an interview with a hubei daily all-media reporter that his grandfather left home to study when he was young, and then traveled east and west for the revolution, and only returned to his hometown twice. During this time, Cai Yichen was appointed by the party organization to return to his hometown to help establish the first CPC branch in Huangpi. When her grandfather was engaged in revolutionary work in Wuhan, her grandmother once took her children to deliver letters and cover for him, and then because of the needs of work, her grandmother took her children back to her hometown, and before leaving, her grandfather told her, "Even if life is difficult, you must find a way to solve it yourself, and you can't find their trouble." When my grandfather said "they", he meant Dong Biwu, Chen Tanqiu and others whom my grandmother knew. After the founding of New China, the grandmother learned that "they" and her husband were both Communist Party members, and "after the grandfather's sacrifice until the founding of New China, the grandmother and the children's lives depended on relatives to help and take care of them." ”
In Cai Yasheng's eyes, his grandfather sacrificed his life for everyone, sacrificed his life for the ideal, and his short life interpreted the spirit of a Communist Party member who was loyal to the party, honest and honest, brave to take responsibility, and dare to dedicate himself. Under the influence of Cai Yichen, his descendants were also strict with themselves and upright. Cai Yasheng said that his father never wanted to cause trouble to the government, often saying, "The country is so big, there are too many people with difficulties, if we always reach out to the organization for this and that, we will be ashamed of our ancestors." Cai Yasheng himself worked hard, was awarded the title of model worker in the education system of Wuhan City, and was repeatedly rated as an outstanding communist party member in Huangpi District.
"Genealogy of the Chen Family" The Ninth Year edition of the Republic of China Chen Tanqiu's handwriting "Continuation of the Second Family Ride Testimonial"
Chen Tanqiu's handwriting appeared, and the "red family tree" inspired future generations to move forward
In Chen Celou Village, Chen Celou Town, Huangzhou District, Huanggang City, there is a courtyard covered with pines and cypresses, which is the former residence of Chen Tanqiu, a major representative of the CPC and one of the founders of the party.
Chen Yixiang, a researcher of genealogy culture and the editor-in-chief of the editorial board of "Yimen Chen's Return to Zhuang Dacheng Genealogy", introduced that Chen Tanqiu was born in 1896 in a well-off family of cultivators and readers, and his ancestors were famous people in the local area. Chen Tanqiu's older brother Chen Shusan was the founder of the Xinhai Revolution, and his younger brother Chen Yinlin was also an early revolutionary of the Communist Party, both of whom achieved extraordinary achievements. Chen Tanqiu's family tree four revisions of the "Chen Family Genealogy" volume, recorded Chen Tanqiu's brilliant deeds of patriotism and love for the party throughout his life.
In 1916, Chen Tanqiu entered the English Department of the National Wuchang Higher Normal School, reading progressive publications and studying and propagating Marxism. In the autumn of 1920, Chen Tanqiu and Dong Biwu founded a communist group in Wuhan. In July 1921, Chen Tanqiu attended the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and the following year he taught at the Wuchang Higher Normal Affiliated Primary School. Under his training, a group of students embarked on the revolutionary road. During this period, under the leadership of Chen Tanqiu and others, the workers' movement, youth movement, and women's movement in Wuhan surged up.
Portrait of Chen Tanqiu
After the defeat of the Great Revolution, under the harsh white terror, Chen Tanqiu worked hard to restore the party's organization, persisted in secret struggle, and successively served as secretary of the Jiangxi Provincial CPC Committee, responsible person of the Shandong Provisional Provincial CPC Committee, secretary general of the Manchurian Provincial CPC Committee, secretary general of the Jiangsu Provincial CPC Committee, and alternate members of the Fifth and Sixth Central Committees of the CPC, leading the workers' movement, student movement, and military movement work in various localities, and running around for the party's cause.
At the beginning of 1933, Chen Tanqiu went to work in the Central Soviet District, and in June of the same year, he was appointed secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee. In 1934, at the Second Congress of the Chinese Soviet Republic in Ruijin, he was elected as a member of the Central Executive Committee and Minister of Food of the Central Government. After the Long March of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, Chen Tanqiu remained in the Central Soviet Region to persist in guerrilla warfare. In August 1935, Chen Tanqiu went to Moscow to attend the Seventh Congress of the Communist International, and in 1939 he was ordered to return to China as the representative of the CPC Central Committee in Xinjiang and the head of the eighth route army office in Xinjiang. After the reactionary warlords openly opposed communism, the Party Central Committee agreed to evacuate all communists working in Xinjiang. Chen Tanqiu included himself in the last batch, saying, "As long as there is still one comrade, I cannot leave." On September 17, 1942, Chen Tanqiu was arrested. The enemy tortured Chen Tanqiu and forced him to "break away from the party."Chen Tanqiu was unyielding. On September 27 of the following year, Chen Tanqiu was secretly killed in prison at the age of 47.
The "Chen Family Tree", which shines with red brilliance, is the faithful inheritor of the "red root vein", so that Chen Tan Qiu's spirit of taking righteousness has been passed down from generation to generation. Chen Yixiang introduced that Chen Tanqiu and his father had participated in the editing of the family tree for the ninth year of the Republic of China. This year coincided with the centenary of the founding of the party, in order to sort out the genealogy of Chen Tanqiu, Chen Yixiang and others visited many provinces and cities across the country, read a large number of old genealogies distributed in various places, and collected a lot of important information. In the "Testimonial on the Second Family Ride on the Renewal of the Second Family" in the ninth year of the Republic of China, the handwriting of Chen Tanqiu can be seen, and Chen Tanqiu advocated such progressive ideas as "advocating good and eliminating evil, caring for the elderly and helping the poor" and "the true spirit of autonomy and self-determination and mutual salvation".
Chen Yixiang proudly said that Chen Tanqiu, as a major representative of the CPC and one of the founders of the party, has a position in the history of the party, needless to say; Chen Tanqiu is also the pride of the Chen family, a model for future generations to learn from, and an encouragement for future generations to forge ahead courageously.
Portrait of Xiao Chu. (Historical photo, source: Hanyang District Archives)
Following Qu Yuan's example, she became a Chu nun, and Xiao Chunu heroically sacrificed her life for faith
Xiao Chunu, originally from Huangpi, Hanyang, Hubei Province, formerly known as Shu Lie, was born in 1891 to a bankrupt wooden merchant family, a famous early activist and theorist of the CCP.
Opening the "Genealogy of the Ancestors of the Gongzong Branch of the Fengting Gongzong branch of the Xiao clan of Huangpi", the "Strategy of The Martyrs of Xiao Chu" written by Xiao Bofu and others records that Xiao Chu lost her father at a young age, went abroad to earn a living in her early years, and was displaced from the cities of Ewan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, but still insisted on self-study and often practiced writing articles. During the Wuchang Uprising in 1911, Xiao Chunu joined the army to participate in the Defense of Yangxia. The victory of the October Revolution in Russia and the outbreak of the May Fourth Movement in China had a major impact on Xiao Chunu's thinking. In 1920, Xiao Chunu joined the Liqun Book Club founded by Yun Daiying in Han, embarked on the road of organized struggle, joined the Communist Party of China in 1922, and later served as a full-time teacher at the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Training Institute and a political instructor at the Whampoa Military Academy.
Xiao Chunu was the nurturer and founder of the party organization in northern Hubei, from 1920 to 1923, he came to Xiangyang Second Normal School twice to teach, he encouraged students to study new literature and Lu Xun's works, propagated Marxism, organized and led young people to carry out various revolutionary activities inside and outside the school, and sowed revolutionary seeds in northern Hubei.
Xiao Chunu was one of the leaders of the early youth movement, a good teacher and friend of Chinese youth, and on the road of exploring the salvation of the country and the people, he widely used the press to disseminate revolutionary ideas and advanced culture. He edited "Chinese Youth" together with Yun Daiying, assisted Mao Zedong in editing the "Political Weekly" in Guangzhou, and during the period of the main writer "Dahan Bao", he "blatantly, committed dangerous crimes, and resisted the Manchu Qing Dynasty"; during the period of "Chinese Youth", the main writer, he propagated the revolution and resolutely opposed imperialism; during the period of the main writer "New Shu Bao", "the words were thunderous and the sound became golden stones"; during the period of the main writer "Nanhong", he criticized bad habits and exposed scandals. "China Youth" once commented: "He is one of the founders of this magazine, he is the star of the young masses..."
In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek created counter-revolutionary massacres in various places, and Xiao Chunu wrote articles day and night exposing the crimes of the reactionaries. Due to overwork, lung disease worsened and he was admitted to the hospital for treatment. On April 15, 1927, because of Chiang Kai-shek's telegram that Xiao Chunu and others be secretly executed, Xiao Chunu was dragged from the ward by reactionary military police and imprisoned. On April 22, Xiao Chunu and other communists and revolutionaries sang the "Internationale" and took to the execution ground at Shicheng Prison in Nanjing, shouting "Long live national liberation" and "Long live the Communist Party of China", heroically righteous. Xiao Chunu was only 36 years old when she died.
Throughout her life, Xiao Chunu used literature as a sword, and wrote to newspapers and periodicals under the name of "Chu Nu". According to the record, "Life should be like a candle, burning from the top to the end, always bright." This is a true portrayal of his short life. Mao Zedong once praised him with Li Shangyin's poem, "Spring silkworms until the dead silk is exhausted, and the wax torch turns into gray tears and begins to dry."
In 2009, Xiao Chunu was selected as one of the "100 Heroic And Exemplary Figures Who Made Outstanding Contributions to the Founding of New China" selected by the Propaganda Department and the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee.
Xianning Qian clan genealogy
"Red Professor" Qian Yishi bowed to the best of his ability, and Xianning Qian's loyal martyrs
At the Xianning Qian's Heroic Martyrs Memorial Hall, the heroic deeds of Qian Yishi, Qian Ying and a number of other Qian's heroic martyrs are displayed. Among them, the 2011 compilation of "Qian's Family Ride" records the legendary experience of these heroes, and Qian Yishi is one of them.
Qian Yishi (1889-1938), formerly known as Chengcheng ,Zi Jiepan, was a famous educator, theoretician and social activist who served as the director of the Hubei Provincial Library and the director of the Revolutionary Culture Library.
According to the "Qian Family Ride", Qian Yishi was born in a family of scholars in Qianjiazhuang, Xianning. His father had high hopes for him and taught him to read and write from an early age. In 1916, Qian Yishi was admitted to the National Wuchang Higher Normal Preparatory Department, and in 1920, he graduated with excellent results and was hired by the Hubei Provincial Department of Education as a section member. In 1921, Dong Biwu was appointed as the director of the training of the First Division in Hubei Province, and Qian Yishi was also hired as an ethics teacher. Later, he mainly served as the director of the Wuchang High School Attached Primary School, and also served as a natural history teacher at Chung Hua University.
In April 1924, through the introduction of Dong Biwu and Chen Tanqiu, Qian Yishi joined the Communist Party of China and became a proletarian vanguard fighter. Soon after Qian Yishi joined the party, he joined the Kuomintang in his personal capacity in accordance with the party's decision and assisted Dong Biwu in preparing for the establishment of the Kuomintang's provisional party department in Hubei Province. In January 1928, qian Yishi secretly arrived in Tokyo, Japan, according to the party's decision, where he concentrated on studying Capital. In August, Qian Yishi and Dong Biwu transferred to Moscow, Soviet Union, and were assigned to a special class at the Communist Sun Yat-sen University of Chinese laborers.
After Qian Yishi returned to China, he began his career as a writer and translator. He has successively written "Philosophical Common Sense", "A Brief Explanation of Evolution", and translated Engels's famous book "German Peasants' War". He was hired as a professor at Shanghai Law and Politics College and Jinan University, where he taught courses such as History of Chinese Diplomacy, Principles of Modern Education, History of Modern World Politics, and Modern Economic History of China. The lecture notes and monographs he compiled are insightful and well-known in the cultural circles, and he is known as the "Red Professor".
After the Lugou Bridge Incident on July 7, 1937, Qian Yishi went all out to devote himself to the Anti-Japanese Salvation Movement. Zhou Enlai decided to form a large cultural and political work organization in Shanghai, the Field Service Corps, with Qian Yishi as the captain, and Guo Moruo introduced him to serve in the Eighth Group Army. He led all the team members in and out of the gunfire and bullet rain, carried out condolence propaganda, and stimulated the morale of the anti-Japanese resistance. During this period, due to long-term overload, he became ill with overwork and unfortunately died.
On February 27, 1938, all walks of life in Wuhan held a solemn memorial meeting for Qian Yishi in the auditorium of the Hankou Chamber of Commerce. 44 of his writings were on display, filled with ties, drapes and wreaths. The banners sent by Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and others were written with the words "Philosophers wither away," expressing their deep condolences to Qian Yishi. Dong Biwu, Shen Junru, Guo Moruo, and others attended the memorial service. On March 1, the General Headquarters of the Eighth Army held a memorial meeting for Qian Yishi in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, and the commanders and fighters sang elegies in front of his portrait: "You are the bright light of the night, you roar and call on the slaves to struggle; you use your own painstaking efforts to write the fight for national liberation and freedom!" ”
Under the influence of Qian Yishi, Qian was loyal and martyr, and many members of this "red family" contributed to the revolution. His eldest son, Qian Yuanduo, joined the Communist Party in 1933 and transported "paper bombs" (propaganda materials) for China's Air Force on an expedition to Japan; the second son, Qian Yuanjing, died in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression at the age of 22; and his daughter Qian Yunling married the people's musician Xian Xinghai. Qian Ying, a female revolutionary who came out of the mountains of southern Hunan, was one of the prototypes of Han Ying, the protagonist of "Honghu Red Guards", and the first minister of supervision of New China, who embarked on the revolutionary road and was also influenced and supported by his uncle Qian Yishi.
(Hubei Daily full media reporter Hai Bing correspondent Zhu Jiayi Xia Mingzhi intern Xu Pei)