<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > carnivorous plant | a national class I endangered rare species - raccopods</h1>
Text: Mr. Hanaki
There are many plants in nature that have the function of catching and eating animals, one of which is due to the lack of digestive enzymes, only capture and not digest and absorb, such as Bertro Garbo pineapple, so it is called "insect catching plants", about 300 genera have insect catching function, these many plants are probably more "playful" in the plant kingdom.
Flycatchers
However, the other type belongs to the "gluttonous" type, not only catching insects, but also secreting digestive enzymes, digesting and absorbing the prey caught, thereby promoting their own growth, such plants are called "carnivorous plants"; some also prey on small mammals or reptiles, so some carnivorous plants are also called "carnivorous plants", such as Nepenthes.
Thatched vegetables
According to statistics, there are more than 630 kinds of carnivorous plants, which belong to about 21 genera in 10 families. Among carnivorous plants, some do not eat insects can also survive and grow, such as bottle grass, etc.; and some need to digest insects to provide nutrients, in order to flower and reproduce, such as tanuki algae, it seems that insectivorous is an indispensable part of its natural growth, but also the result of plant evolution.
Nepenthes
Earlier we introduced a lot of carnivorous plants, each of which has its own unique "unique secret device", such as bottle grass, pitcher grass and other large belly "traps", flytrap grass rapid "clip", insect traps, mucus of thatched vegetables, tanuki algae insect traps, etc., can be described as various, each with its own characteristics. And these carnivorous plants have a peculiar shape, colorful flowers, and have high ornamental value, and many of them have now been developed into horticultural varieties and become best-selling flowers.
Insect traps
However, compared with other regions in the world, There are relatively few species of carnivorous plants in China, and it is even rarer to be listed as a national rare and endangered protection. Among the rare carnivorous plants in China, one of them is a national level I protected endangered plant, which is - raccoons.
Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Sp. Pl., also known as Vesicular Raccopodium, is a floating herb of the genus Caryophyllaceae, Family Lycaenidae, 6–10 cm long. Impellers, 6-9 pieces per round, basal synthology; petiole length 3-4 mm, top with 4-6 drill-shaped lobes, lobes 5-7 mm long, the blades are kidney-shaped round when flattened, 4-6 mm long, 6-10 mm wide, with glandular hairs and induction hairs, when stimulated, the two halves are pressed against each other on the middle rib axis, the outer ring is close, and a sac is formed in the center to catch insects;
Flower solitary leaf axilla, with short stalk; sepals 5, basal syngenesis, ovate oval or oval oblong, 3–4 mm long; petals 5, white or pale green, oblong; stamens 5, filigree diamond-shaped, anther longitudinal fissure; ovary near-spherical, lateral membrane placenta 5, pedunculate 5, enlarged and lobed at the top; fruit nearly spherical, not cracking; seeds rot from the peel, 5-8 grains or less, black.
Raccopodium is a monotypic species, only 1 species, distributed in Heilongjiang Province in China, in central and southern Europe, northern and southeastern Asia, and northern Oceania, but the overall number is sparse.
According to scientists, as early as the Late Cretaceous period of 85 million to 75 million years ago, raccoons were accompanied by dinosaurs on tropical islands, and after a long geological age, they stubbornly survived and became ancient relict plants, so they are very rare.
The insect-catching mechanism of raccoon is like that of flycatchers, its leaves are usually translucent green, with glandular and induction hairs, young insects such as fleas and mosquito larvae in the water, and when they pass, the leaves quickly merge, fine hairs can block the prey from escaping, and then the leaf sac secretes digestive enzymes to digest and absorb the insects. In about a week, after digesting the prey, the trap will be reopened in preparation for the next "hunt".
According to the study, its reaction speed to catch small insects is about 10 milliseconds, even faster than flytraps, and it can be said that it is one of the most responsive plants in nature. The insect-catching leaves of Raccoidan can catch and digest prey 3-5 times. When the prey is too large, its trap will also necrosis and fall off due to "indigestion".
The reason why raccoon is rare is because of the high requirements for water quality, and the PH value of the water body must reach 6 to survive, so the raccoon is also a monitor of water quality. However, due to the high pollution of the world as a whole, the raccoon habitat is worrying and endangered. In 1999, raccoon was included in the National List of Wild Plants under Key Protection (First Batch) issued by the State Council, with the level of National Level I Endangered Key Protection, and in the 2016 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN), the assessment level was endangered (EN).
In recent years, with the increase of national environmental monitoring efforts and the enhancement of measures to protect endangered species, the living environment of raccoon has been better changed. For example, in September 2017, the Heilongjiang Qixinghe National Conservation Area discovered the endangered species of raccoon, with nearly 10,000 plants, which is rare in the world. It is hoped that in the near future, raccoon will be able to get out of the endangered territory as soon as possible.
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