During the Carboniferous period, about 350 million years ago, the Islamic League region was flourishing with terrestrial vegetation, most of which was covered by endless, lush primary forests. The main plant species of the great forest are the seal scale wood of the stone pine class, the hexagonal scale wood, etc.; Reeds, wedge leaves and wood thieves of the ferns; The veined sheep teeth, the seated sheep teeth, the ctenophore teeth, the fan sheep teeth, and the wedge sheep teeth of the true ferns. Scales and reeds are extremely tall and lush, thirty or forty meters high and about one meter in diameter. These forest resources were buried underground and deposited in the "orogeny movement" and carbonized into coal seams, becoming the source of modern ISM coalfields.
From 225 million years ago (Early Triassic of the Mesozoic Era) to 70 million years (Early Paleocene of the Cenozoic), the Islamic League entered the Basin Period. Dense forests grew again, and plant species grew higher. The forest plants of this period are mainly composed of ginkgo biloba, pine cypress and cycads.
During the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods of the Mesozoic Age from 180 million to 135 million, the forests were dense, the ancient trees were towering, and the tree species were abundant. In addition to the flourishing of ferns, more advanced gymnosperms are also more prosperous than ever, such as cycads, South American fir, pine and so on. These ancient forests, with gymnosperms as the main tree species, also became important substances in the Coal Age of Ordos. 40 million years ago, at the end of the Tertiary Oligocene, the tree species of the ancient forest have moved from the "gymnosperm era" to the more advanced "angiosperm era". In the Quaternary Pleistocene to Holocene, which is 3 million to 10,000 years old, modern forest plants began to appear.
During the Hetao people, 35,000 years ago. The tree species of Imeng are: Pine 58.6%, Hemlock 1.5%6, Deciduous 1.5%, Spruce 4.6%, Quercus 3.5%, Hordes 3.5%, Hazel 0.3%. 1% of walnut, 29% of elm, 2.5% of willow, 1.3% of birch, 5% of maple poplar, grow dense mixed coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests, mostly pine trees. In the Sarausu River valley there are vast grasslands and forests. In the pre-Qin period, the Ordos Plateau had forests and grasslands. The forested areas are distributed in the northern, eastern and southern parts of the plateau. The plateau is rich in forests and grasslands, and the forest cover is more than 50%. Far away, the source of the Bald Tail River is now the Iginholo Banner, and there are quite a few forests. When King Zhaoxiang of Qin built the Great Wall, he planted a belt of elm trees, which was called "Yuxi Plug" because it was parallel to the Great Wall. Later, Wei Qing had patched up Yuxi Sai and had left the ruins of the Great Wall and reached the source of the Guye River, near present-day Yijin Holo Banner. There was originally a forest in the local area, but because it was not consistent with the direction of the Great Wall, it was planted separately along the Great Wall. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, officials and people were ordered to receive land, and there were differences in acres. Each Ding gives 20 acres of "Yongye Tian", of which 50 mulberry plants, 3 elm trees and 5 jujube trees are planted. The Northern Wei Dynasty not only stipulated the number of trees to be planted, but also stipulated the tree species to be planted, and it was completed within a time limit. It is limited to three years to finish the planting, not to finish, to seize the place where it is not complete. Those who divide the miscellaneous fruits and a variety of mulberry in the elm land cannot help but be. Emperor Mingyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty emphasized planting trees, and those who did not plant trees did not give coffins after death. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, zhuzhou was ordered to plant one tree in one mile, three trees in ten miles, and five trees in a hundred miles. Emperor Taizong of Tang stipulated that between the stations, an uphill tree should be planted. During the first year of The Tang Dynasty, Emperor Xuanzong ordered that all kinds of trees should be planted on both sides of the passage to shade the travel. From the sixth to the nineteenth year of Tang Zhenyuan (790-803 AD), the Zhenwu Festival of Zhenshou Lin Prefecture and Sheng prefecture (in the area of present-day Zungar Banner north of the Bald Tail River) made Fan Xi Dynasty, because there were few trees in the city, but in other cities, willows, ordered soldiers to plant them, and for a long time became forests.
During the Tang Dynasty, Shengzhou (in the area around present-day Twelve Liancheng Of Jungar Banner) was an area with natural pine and cypress trees that grew and was connected by the Yellow River and the forest area of northwestern Jin. During the first year of the new century, the beams used for the construction of large palaces and monasteries were harvested in the Islamic League area. Zhao Kuangyin, the grandfather of the Song Dynasty, ordered his subjects to plant trees. Each state and county has a one agronomist to teach afforestation techniques. Rent reduction rewards are given to those who have achieved success in planting trees. It is stipulated that 20 mulberries and dates should be planted every ding age. Soil is not suitable, new elm, willow. During the Song and Yuan dynasties, in the southeast of the Ordos Plateau, there was a forest area with oil pine, cypress and juniper as the main tree species. This forest area extends northeast to the northwestern Jin region and southwest to the Yulin region of Shaanxi. The forest area is gradually weakening under the influence of climate change, under the influence of man-made logging, indiscriminate trees and war damage. As of 1985, there were still remnants of forests in the townships of Shayuan Block, Burdonggou, Wuziwan, Yangshi Pagoda, Chuanpao, Xiyingzi, Nunshui, Deshengxi and other townships in The adjacent dongsheng city of Chaonaoliang, YijinHolo Banner Xinmiao Township, and Qingdamen and Ao Baoliang Township in Dalat Banner. There is an ancient tree left in the pine tree of Zhuangar Banner Chuanzhang Township, which has been determined to be 897 years old, and was naturally planted in the third year of the Northern Song Dynasty. There are still 23,000 mu of natural secondary forest in Jungar Banner, and the main tree species are oil pine, cypress, juniper, followed by broad-leaved trees such as elm. This forest extends southwest to Yulin and Hengshan in northern Shaanxi.
In the Qing Dynasty, shrub willows were commonly grown in the sandy land of Maowusu, and there were sandy cypresses and tamarind in some areas. The Willow Bay Forest is widely distributed and has a large area. Along the Yellow River in the Otok Banner and Hangjin Banner, tamarix (red willow) grows, and there are sand cypress (short cypress) growing. In the place of Imeng Sanyin Noyanqi, in the quicksand grows sandy shrubs, quan ya suddenly leafless, as usual dry, white and yellow, if peeled mulberry, the quality is heavy and brittle, and the folds are fibrous... Pedestrians are paid for cooking, porridge for sulfur, natives burn ash to cure stomach diseases, compound interest female birth. This refers to "Soso", the local Mongolian name is "Zaga", and there are still more than 20,000 acres of Suosu natural forest in the Kubuqi Desert in the upper reaches of the Molin River in Hangjinqi.
In the early Qing Dynasty, the Zungar Banner still had a dense primary forest, from the border of YijinHolo Banner in the west, to the shore of the Yellow River in the east, to the edge of the ancient city of Shaanxi in the south, and to the bank of the Kubuqi Desert in the north, and the precious primary forest was evenly distributed and grew densely. The Zunger Zhao in the west of the Jungar Banner was rebuilt in the 22nd year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1683 AD) Surrounded by dense jungle, the hills growing dense jungle for dozens of miles. There are constricted conifers and rare bodhi trees in the north. The Qing Emperor decreed that officials should plant trees in uncultivable land. In the first year of the Yongzheng Dynasty, the Ministry of Rites and Rites was "ShuShu Art", and in the following year (1724 AD), he also issued an edict directly under the governor and other officials, and it was advisable to measure the soil and plant trees next to the house, the side of the field and the place where the barren mountains could not be cultivated. Santo can feed silkworms, jujube chestnuts can be eaten, cypress trees can be used, that is, hazelnut wood can also be (enough) for cooking. Its order has a command to paint and a lesson to plant. It is strictly forbidden to axe the pound of the times.
In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the forests in the Ordos region were extensively cut down, and the sandy grasslands were reclaimed on a large scale and the predatory agricultural reclamation was carried out, resulting in unprecedented damage to the vegetation of the sandy land and the desertification of the land. According to the "Chronicle of Yulin Province", the desert along the Great Wall in northern Shaanxi was still a good place with dense forests and water and grass in the early Qing Dynasty. In the thirty-fifth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1696 AD), Bellesson Shanzhuo began to cut down forests, burn grasslands, and engage in farming on this land. By the Guangxu period, most of the forest and grassland had been destroyed. Since then, the forests of Ordos have gradually been cut down, the grasslands have been destroyed in a large area, and they have embarked on a vicious path of wind and sand and sand.