Today, I will talk about the glorious history of ferns, and by the way, about their strength in the field of home florology.
【Ferns that have traveled for more than 300 million years】
When it comes to ferns, you may not be impressed, but as soon as you see her Buddha-figure, you can feel the quaint atmosphere that comes to your face.
As an extremely ancient and primitive plant, the fern's evolutionary history can be traced back to the Carboniferous Period more than 300 million years ago, and it still maintains strong vitality. It does not flower or bear fruit, its leaves are beautiful, the leaves are peculiar, with verdant and turquoise colors, exuding a unique ancient charm, once it encounters flowers and grasses, it "exposes" the essence of its mixed strength. What does this mean? In the history of the evolution and development of life, ferns can be called miracles of nature.
In fact, ferns were also forms of early plants.
The earliest fossils can be traced back to the Carboniferous period 360 million years ago, when tall scales, seals, reeds and ferns combined to form ancient swamp forests.
Beginning at the end of the Permian, ferns became extinct in large numbers, and their remains were buried underground, forming coal seams.
Ferns are the ancestors of gymnosperms, and many gymnosperms are now relict plants.
It was also a major food source for dinosaurs, and now that dinosaurs are extinct, ferns are still there.
It is also the ancestor of flowering plants, and ferns are still thriving today, when the flowers are full of wilderness. In this way, the ferns maintained the grass spirit of "wildfires burn endlessly, and the spring breeze blows and grows again", staged a legendary history, and kept a low profile for hundreds of millions of years.
The leaves of modern ferns look like the teeth of sheep, so the earliest scientists who studied them also called them "sheep tooth plants". They have true differentiation of roots, stems, leaves and vascular tissues, it does not flower, does not produce seeds, mainly reproduces by spores, and is still a spore plant.
Taxonomists disagree on the systematic classification of ferns. The view put forward by Qin Renchang, a fern botanist in China in 1978, is considered to be a newer taxonomic system closer to true phylogeny. According to this, ferns are divided into 5 subphylums, namely: pine leaf fern subphylla, stone pine subphylum, water leek subphylum, wedge leaf subphylum, and true fern subphylum.
Ferns are widely distributed, including terrestrial, stony, epiphytic, there are also a few aquatic and swamp, the morphology of the leaves is also changeable, there are full-edged single leaves, fine lobes, deep lobes, pinnate compound leaves, etc., the color texture pattern is also very different. Now our common ferns are kidney fern, clematis fern, button fern, Boston fern, pod fruit fern, water fern and so on.
▲ Clematis fern seems to be an external thing in the memory of the Chinese people. The love story of "Shen Pi Nanshan" and "Yan Cai Qi Fern" recorded in the Book of Poetry and the legend of Bo Yi Shu Qi Cai Shouyang Mountain in the last years of the Shang Dynasty have created the traditional classical image of "fern".
"He Zhou has a hidden escape, He Shan Fu Wei Fern", the fern has become a symbol of the pursuit of liberation and return to the field by people outside the fang. At the same time, it is also people's yearning for the beautiful pastoral life of "children everywhere picking ferns and flocking to birds and camping".
Fern appreciation, in the eyes of the ancient literati, was more like a kind of practice. "Deep spring shoot fern dry Chung Loc, sunset fishing tree mishima immortal", there is no surprise of the literati inker for the flowers to blossom and fall, fern still has an indisputable, simple and far-reaching temperament. "Falling Maple Dan Leaf Dance, New Fern Purple Bud Fist", in modern Chinese and foreign botanical gardens, no matter how big or small, almost all retain a corner to enjoy ferns.
When we think of the seclusion of the forest, we may think of a lot of trees, rich and colorful ferns on the ground, as well as mosses and rivers.
But believe me, the first thing you notice is the beautifully shaped leaves of the ferns.
In fact, except in the sea, deep water bottom, desert and long-term frozen land, ferns are almost everywhere.
From wetlands and lakes to plains and hills, there are traces of ferns everywhere. Some of them grow creeping or upright on the surface, but they also like to grow in stone crevices, and even attach or wind to climb on tree trunks.
Our smallest human fern is the aquatic fern - Manjiang red, that is, red duckweed, on the river surface in northern China, when winter comes, the surface of the river is covered with red duckweed, spectacular, hence the name "Manjiang red".
▲Manjiang red (aquatic fern)
The largest fern is the quercus, which dates back to the Triassic period, about 300 million years ago, more than 150 million years before the emergence of dinosaurs, and is known as the "king of ferns".
▲ "King of ferns" - Alder
[This time, see how the fern leaves are gorgeous and counterattack, turning into a new favorite in the floral art industry]
Ferns are a miracle of nature, unveiling layers of mystery and now popping up with a vivid face.
Most ferns can be used as ornamental plants, and they are thin and cool, preferring areas that look moist and shady. Their leaves exude a strong vitality in the depths of the forest, and when they meet the sun, they are full of a sense of transparency.
Verdant ferns with strange and elegant shapes and delicate foliage. Today, ferns are even more transformed, relying on high appearance and unique temperament, gradually becoming the leaf material favored by florists and many florists, and also becoming a unique new Internet celebrity in floral art and home.
Many times, fern leaves play a supporting role in the flowers. With the leaves of a few ferns, embellished with the bride's hand, the light and flowing leaves seem to absorb the aura between heaven and earth, like a fairy dream.
The use of ferns in the hand bouquet makes a beautiful scenery alone, and people can't help but wonder how this is a special natural wedding.
The bride wearing a garland of ferns is like an elf coming out of the forest, more mysterious and intellectual than the wreaths of the public.
In addition to hand bouquets and garlands, ferns can also be the best supporting roles for weddings and dinners, and the fresh green color can make people relax and relax.
Of course, whether it is inserted in a small brown bottle that is hot in the ins, or a garland is made and hung over the table one by one, there is an indisputable empty inspiration and a romantic tone.
The fern leaf form is simple and elegant, with a very powerful shaping possibility, and is a mix-and-match strength faction. Its innate permeability and ancient spirituality are beyond the reach of many foliage.
The antler fern, which resembles a sika antler, occupies the hearts and minds of many fern lovers, and its unique appearance has a high popularity in Europe, and we have mentioned it many times before.
Moss balls, paired with fern leaves, hanging on the porch or in the corner of the room, can also create a lush scene.
The use of fern leaves is not necessarily limited to floral art, but can also fill the entire space with the forest atmosphere when used at home. A clump of living ferns, no matter where they are placed, can bring the breath of nature, and the whole home is "alive".
Study, dining room, balcony...
No matter where you are, as long as a simple pot of ferns grows at will, without too much attention to placement, it can create a peaceful and simple state of mind.
【How to raise ferns?】 】
There are many people in modern times who like to raise fern potted plants at home, which is not only fresh and generous, but also easy to create a minimalist and cold style.
In the conservation of ferns, in addition to adding base fertilizer before planting, ferns with fragile roots should be treated with thin application, while foliar spraying or extra-root post-application should be carried out as needed.
Ferns prefer a cool and moist environment, to avoid direct sunlight, you also need to pay attention to avoid drying of pots, while maintaining good drainage of pots.
During the care of ferns, it is necessary to ensure that there is a fresh air flow, especially in the sweltering summer, and more ventilation is very beneficial for the growth of ferns.
Like other plants, ferns can not be ignored after planting, and the common sense of changing pots and preventing insects must also be in place to harvest a pot full and rich fern.
【Extended knowledge】
At present, there are about 12,000 species of ferns living on the earth, and China has about 2,600 species, mostly distributed in the southwest region and south of the Yangtze River Basin, and is also one of the distribution centers of ferns in Asia and the world.
There are about 1400 species of ferns in a province of Yunnan alone in China, which is the province with the richest ferns in China.
Seeing this, are many people ready to raise a pot of their own ferns?