In order to make yourself "move"
The animals are doing their best,
Crawling, running, jumping and so on,
Behind the physical and physiological structure,
Amazing,
Nature is far more than just human skeletons!
The whole article of this article is equipped with pictures of the "Ding Ding Xie Niu" style,
High energy! High energy!
Fins and feet
The limbs of tetrapods evolved from the fins of fish ancestors, and quadrupeds including amphibians. They grew their feet underwater, and the land food was more abundant and safer, so some of the early underwater walkers were attracted to the water, and their arms, legs, hands, and feet, influenced by natural selection, evolved into a rich variety of forms.
Ambystoma tigrinum
The life of the tiger-striped blunt-mouthed salamander is a reflection of "walking evolution"—from aquatic juveniles to land adults with extended limbs.
Periophthalmus gracilis
Tudors rely on their front fins to move on land, and they are waddling and cute to move.
quadruped
The body structure of a tetrapod is the product of a collaboration between physics and physiology. Larger animals have strong muscles and must bear more weight on their bones; smaller animals generally move faster but use less energy efficiently, reflecting differences in leg structure.
Top five fastest land animals
Cheetah, Tang's gazelle, horse, lingti, lion
Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus)
The flexible spine curves and stretches to maximize the cheetah's stride length. The lightweight hairy tail and sharp claws keep the body stable when turning.
(Swipe right for full image)
African elephant (Loxodonta africana)
These big guys walk with tiptoes on tiptoes. Elephants can walk fast, but they cannot trot or gallop. There is a padding behind the toes, allowing them to lift the heel and toe-like skeletal structure, working like a human flat foot.
Zebratail lizard (Callisaurus draconoides)
All lizards can bend their bodies to the left and right, elongating the pace of four legs. Zebratail lizards can also stretch their ankles, run on their toes, and move 50 distances per second.
Giraffa camelopardalis
Giraffes only weigh about 10% above the shoulders, and the weight ratio is extremely unbalanced. When walking, they rely on raising and lowering their long necks to maintain balance between their bodies and sight.
Sciurus carolinensis
As squirrels crawl downwards, their hind ankles rotate, and their upturned toes allow the claws to bear their own weight. The open limbs also enhance grip.
African shield-armed turtle (Centrochelys sulcata)
Tortoises are herbivores with a hard defensive shell that walks slowly but is more stable. They can climb steep hills with moderate foot spacing and will not fall.
Walking animals
Walking on the foot, the soles of the feet are convenient to stand more steadily, but the curved thigh bones are subject to greater pressure;
Toe-toed animals
Walking on their toes, they move on the toe pads and their heels are lifted forever, which gives them strength, speed and stealth;
Hoofed animals
Walking on toenails, hoofs are special toenails that grow on slender feet. Ungulates have straighter legs and can withstand greater loads.
Walk upright
Compared to other animals, which only move with their feet when needed, humans and birds walk on two legs. In particular, although kangaroos use both limbs and tail when foraging, they have to jump on their hind legs to produce acceleration when moving forward.
Homo sapiens
Human walking is more efficient than running, human legs are like upside-down pendulums, and the body relies on the kinetic energy and gravity of each step to push forward.
Tyrannosaurus rex
The Tyrannosaurus Rex may have been the king, but its speed is short. Their muscles are so small that once they run fast, a few tons of body will crush their leg bones.
Ostrich (Struthio camelus)
Ostriches have heels as high as a human knee. The short femur is wrapped around a large muscle, and the other bones in the leg are long and light, and these special properties help the ostrich take big and fast steps.
Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus)
Kangaroos don't need to burn more calories if they want to speed up, because its elastic Achilles tendon can store and release energy between each bounce.
White-palmed gibbon (Hylobates lar)
If the two palm grip points are close together, the white-palmed gibbon can swing from one point to another like a pendulum, an action we call arm swing. When moving at high speed, they release their hands for a short period of time, completely suspended between the two supports.
Principles of motion
Animals change their gait by changing the order, time, and frequency with which their limbs touch the ground. When moving sharply, the limbs of the land animal push the body forward at full speed, then reset, and after regaining balance, they meet the next step.
Footless exercise
Snake movements are more technical. Using muscles, skin and a flexible body, snakes can reduce friction to adapt to loose, flat ground, and the contact points distributed on the soft body can be used to counteract collisions on the way.
Side-row
On the soft sand, the head is first lifted to one side and moved into place, and then the body follows the direction of the snake's head;
Meandering
The most common way of moving in a serpentine shape, the body follows the head along a single wavy path;
Organ style
The way snakes walk when climbing. The body is tightly folded and squeezed to the left and right sides of the body sectionally, forming a tight curve of inflection, and then using the muscles of the whole body to extend forward as much as possible, thereby pushing the whole forward;
Straight creep
Rely on continuous "bulging, stretching forward" action to achieve the effect of squirming forward.
Multi-foot exercise
Most invertebrates spread body weight across multiple legs to reduce the burden on each leg. They move with extra attention to coordination, even changing the length of their legs to avoid tripping over their own feet.
Atlantic ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata)
Ghost crabs that run sideways often stop to avoid threats to slow down the buildup of lactic acid and allow them to go farther before they can't run.
Scutigera coleoptrata
Start moving on your longer hind legs when walking to prevent entanglement between multiple legs while walking. The span of each step can exceed the total length of the body.
Steady walker
Creatures with multiple legs that are "idle", such as ants or crabs, often walk in alternating gaits, using only half of their legs at a time, with the rest remaining on the ground.
(※ Due to the complicated production and typesetting process of this article, the editor who made this article said that after the completion of the article, the old bones made an old furniture-like creaking sound, and after the typesetting was completed, they said that although they were relieved, they deeply felt that their bones were no longer strange)
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