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On April 2, the reporter learned from the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs That the fishing ban has been effective for more than a year, and the "mysterious species" helio has reappeared in Poyang Lake after ten years, filling the gap in the sample of the fish and enriching the aquatic biodiversity index of Jiangxi Province.
"The helio was found two days ago during the monitoring of aquatic biological resources in the waters of Duchang Songmen Mountain in Poyang Lake, with a total length of 23 cm and a weight of 47.4 g, and we are making specimens." Wang Shengbian, deputy director of the Fishery Resources and Environmental Protection Research Office of the Jiangxi Institute of Fishery Sciences, told reporters.
Scientific researchers measure the characteristic index of helio (provided by the Fishery Resources and Environmental Protection Research Department of Jiangxi Institute of Fishery Sciences)
According to experts, this fish named "heel", commonly known as Diao Zi, Wheat Straw Diao, etc., was widely distributed in the Yangtze River and the rivers and lakes south of it, and liked to inhabit the open waters of rivers and lakes. The reproductive season for heels is in May and June, when they enter the river and go up the river to breed, laying drifting eggs. Its body is rounded and slender, the head is relatively pointed, and the largest individual can reach more than 10 kg. Because of its delicious meat, heels were once one of the important economic fish in the Yangtze River Basin.
"This kind of fish used to be in Poyang Lake, and it likes to go to the Yangtze River, which belongs to the migratory fish of the river and lake." But because of engineering, water quality, and overfishing, the population has dropped significantly, and it was not until 2012 that a tail was found, and Poyang Lake has not seen the fish for nearly 10 years. Zhan Shupin, deputy director of the Anti-Arrest Prohibition Office of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangxi Province, said.
According to Zhan Shupin, the helio was historically distributed in the Xijiang, Dongjiang, Beijiang and Pearl River Delta areas of the Pearl River system. Affected by water conservancy development and environmental pollution, the resources of heliophores have shrunk extremely seriously, the population is almost endangered, it is difficult to obtain samples, and there are few studies on helios. Given the extreme decline in the resources of the helio, it has not been monitored for many years in many river sections. Therefore, in the newly revised Red List of Vertebrates in China in 2016, the protection level of the helios has been raised to critical endangerment.
"Previously scarce resources and low genetic diversity (make them) extremely vulnerable to factors such as environmental change, and are at constant risk of extinction. Now that the ban on fishing in Poyang Lake has been effective, the hemorrocks have reappeared, which is equivalent to the return of this species, and the population is expected to gradually recover, and I am very confident. Zhan Shupin, deputy director of the Anti-Arrest Prohibition Office of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangxi Province, said.
Zhan Shupin said that the reappearance of hemorrhoids in Poyang Lake also means that the water quality has improved significantly, and the habitat environment is gradually getting better. Although the fishing intensity of poyang lake as a whole is almost zero, it will take a long time for the population to recover compared with the recorded history of 136 species.