The Compendium of General Records of the Dynasties, written by Li Dongyang during the Hongzhi period, is a book specially written for emperors to observe the political gains and losses of the dynasties, and is read daily by the attendants, and yin Jian is of remarkable use. Emperor Xiaozong of Ming, because "the book of the Gangmu of the First Confucians, the orthodoxy of the Ming Dynasty, the lineage of the ancient emperors, was not compiled; the next capture of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, youduo volumes" [(1)], so he ordered Li Dongyang and others to "summarize the main outlines", "summarize the Utmost Wisdom, each according to the original text, Tongjia economy, through the compilation", and "personally divide its righteous examples, pre-give the name". [(2)] Although the revision of the "Outline" emphasizes abbreviation, it is not blindly cut out of complexity and simplicity, but has a strict criterion for choosing between the two sides, "the government must judge its gains and losses, and its deeds must be loyal to the evil" [(3)], so that its material is "although the word is provincial", "the matter is already deserved", which is enough for reference. During the Qianlong Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, the "Compilation of General Records of the Dynasties" was revised on the basis of the book, that is, it was "re-determined and given to the deeds of the Ming Dynasty". Therefore, the "General Records of the Past Dynasties" not only had an impact on the administration of the emperors of the Ming Dynasty, but also had a reference for future generations. Although the "Outline" was revised by the edict, due to the false transmission of historical records, there are still problems such as unknown timing of the compilation, unknown time of submission, and lack of compilers, which need to be further clarified.
I. The time of compilation of the Compendium of General Records of the Past Dynasties
Volume IV of the Bibliography of Qianqingtang states that "ninety-two volumes of the General Records of the Dynasties, compiled by Li Dongyang and others in the Eighteenth Year of Hongzhi"[(4)], according to Huang Yuji, it was first written in the eighteenth year of Hongzhi (1505). Looking for other historical books of the Ming Dynasty, there is no such thing as "eighteen years of Hongzhi". The "Imperial Chronicles of the General Jian Of the Imperial Dynasty" says that "when the emperor entered the Eastern Palace, he was foretold to be an ugly winter of Hongzhi Yi, and Hanlin prepared the lecture with the first head." The next year Ding Di Xia, Shi Ke into a compilation " [(5)], this contains the compilation of the "General Records of the Dynasties" ((5)], which contains the compilation of the "General Records of the Dynasties" by Emperor Wuzong of Dongming in the eighteenth year. Compared with the Bibliography of Qianqingtang, it is suspected that the Huang clan attacked here and was not carefully screened. In the Preface, which is now re-examined, it is said that "the foreknowledge is to lift the ugly winter of Hongzhi Yi, and Hanlin is to prepare the reading with the first one", which means that hongzhi has become the first head and has been read, and has been read, not that Hongzhi began to revise in the eighteenth year, so it can be inferred that Huang's words are not true. There is also an ominous record of the time of the compilation of the "Bibliography of the Heavenly Records of the Heavenly Lu Dynasty" in the "Compilation of the General Records of the Dynasties", written by the Ming Dynasty, in ninety-two volumes. Former Ming Wuzong Order, Sub-Li Dongyang and others into the book list and compilation of Confucian titles, sub-fan cases, sub-citation bibliography, sub-first Confucian surname. Emperor Wuzong's preface was written in the second year of Zhengde. It is said that 'Emperor Xiaozong is good at viewing the "Outline of General Studies", suffering a lot, and the special Confucian ministers have picked up their key points and given the name "Outline". In the past, in the Eastern Palace, it was a premonition, but Hongzhi Yi ugly winter, Han Lin prepared the lecture with the first hand. And next year Ding Di Xia, Shi Ke into the compilation of 'Yun Yun.' According to the History of Ming, Emperor Wuzong was located in May of the eighteenth year of Hongzhi, and next year Bing Yin changed to Yuan Zhengde, and next year Ding Di was Zhengde in the second year. Soun Hiroharu Otoshi is Hiroji eighteen years also. It is a book, gai creation began at the end of Koji, and the pod was in the second year of Zhengde. Judging by its fine paper and ink, it is the original copy of the stencifier. [(6)] Looking at his remarks, the Bibliography says that "it was written at the end of Hongzhi", although it is a rigorous word, but carefully playing with his words is inevitably still confined to the saying of "Hongzhi Yi ugly". Volume XIX of the Records of the Tributes of the State Dynasty states that "(Zhang Tianrui) is now on the spring palace to lecture and read, the official rank is full, the promotion of Zuo Chunfang Zuo Shuzi, and the revision of the Zizhi Tongjian Essentials, Hongzhi died in August of the seventeenth year. [(7)] Accordingly, Zhang Tianrui participated in the compilation of the Tongjian Bibliography before his death in August of the seventeenth year of Hongzhi, so that the book began to be revised before August of the seventeenth year of Hongzhi, which proves the falsehood of the Bibliography of Qianqingtang and the Bibliography of Tianlu Linlang.
The 68th volume of the "Mingshan Collection" (弘治) for sixteen years, the compilation of "Tongjian Zhi Zhi", the order (Xie) Duo Polishing" [(8)], but the historical value of the "Ming Shan Zang" has always been quite scorned, and the "Ming Shi Hong Wenheng Biography" is accompanied by He QiaoYuan rumors that "Qiao Yuan is extensive, good writing, trying to compile the "Ming Thirteen Dynasties Anecdotes", for the "Ming Shan Collection", and compiling the "Min Shu" one hundred and fifty volumes of the "Min Book" to help the many clouds"[(9)], so the compilation time of its "Summary" cannot be easily trusted. Nowadays, I check the "Tonghui Dafu Libu Right Attendant Guan Guozi Supervisor Liquor Ceremonial Department Shangshu."
The Shendao Stele of The Confucian Emperor Su Xie Gongduo says that "(Hongzhi) 癸海, repairing the "Tongjian Essentials of the Dynasties"[(10)], Hongzhi 癸海, that is, the sixteenth year of Hongzhi, coincides with the records of the "Famous Mountains and Treasures", so from these two historical records, the "Tongjian Essentials of the Dynasties" should have been compiled in the sixteenth year of Hongzhi. In the fifty-third volume of the "Manuscript of the Rites", Bai Yu and Mao Cheng participated in the revision of the "Essentials" and said, "(Hongzhi) 癸海, the cultivation of the "Great Ming HuiDian" was completed, and he entered the service to teach the bachelor, and gave the feast ceremony department. Seeking Life and Cultivating the General Guidelines of the Ages. Jiazi, Kao Nan Ki Township Examination", "(Hongzhi) Ji Wei, pre-study of the "Huidian", 癸海, turn to the left of the Virtue and cultivation, pre-study of the "Tongjian Compendium". Koshi, the Crown Prince of the Imperial Household in the Eastern Palace". [11] According to this, bai yu and Mao Chenghongzhi (16 years) participated in the compilation of the "General Records of the Dynasties" after the completion of the "Great Ming Hui" (16 years), which coincided with Xie Duo Hongzhi's sixteenth year of participation in the editing of the "Essentials", which is credible.
In addition, the "Sermon of Emperor Xiaozong of Daming" also contains the time of the beginning of the "Compendium of The General Records of the Dynasties", volume I is called "Hongzhi sixteen years in May himself ugly, the Cabinet of Confucian Ministers, the "Outline of the General Jian" and the "Continuation", deeply governing the Tao, wanting to facilitate viewing, Er and other excerpts to write a second book, still divided into volumes, successively submitted. The next day, the Si Li Supervisor passed on the decree that the deeds of the dynasties since the Three Kings and Five Emperors would be combined into a book, and the name would be called "The General Records of the Dynasties". [12] In view of this, the "General Records of the Dynasties" was first written in the sixteenth year (1503) of the sixteenth year (1503) of the reign of Emperor Mingxiaozong, and compared with the former, this specific date is quite detailed. This examination of the "Records of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming", "(May 16, 16th of Hongzhi) Liu Jian, Li Dongyang, xie Qianyan, the eunuch Fu'an of the University of Heaven yesterday, preached the Holy Will, the Outline of The General Jian and the Continuation of the Book of Profound Governance, ordered the ministers and others to take the festival, wrote a second book, still divided into volumes, and came in one after another for the purpose of viewing. The next day, An also preached the Holy Will, intending to combine the deeds of the dynasties since the Three Kings and Five Emperors into one book"[13], although the "Records of The Records" does not directly mention the compilation of the "General Records of the Dynasties", but his words "since the Three Kings and Five Emperors have been compiled into one book", that is, the compilation of the "General Records of the Dynasties", so compared with the "Sermon" and the "Records of the Truth", the two records are consistent, so the conclusion of the "General Records of the Dynasties" on May 25, 16th year of Hongzhi should not be dissenting.
2. The time of submission of the "General Guidelines of the Past Dynasties"
The main time of submission of the "General Records of the Dynasties" is june 25 of the second year of Zhengde, June 29 of the second year of Zhengde, July of the second year of Zhengde and October of the sixth year of Zhengde.
The Thirteenth Volume of the Book of Hanlin reads: "In March of the sixteenth year of Hongzhi, the Edict of the General Records of the Dynasties was revised, and zhengde was completed in October of the sixth year, and several volumes were written on the table of the university scholar Li Dongyang and so on. [14] The "Record of Hanlin" was written by Ming Huangzuo, of which there are many errors in the historical record, such as its claim that Chenghua's eighth year and October edict revised the "Song Yuan Zizhi Tongjian Outline", and checked the historical materials, and the Song Yuan Zizhi Tongjian Outline was revised in November of the ninth year of Chenghua. Therefore, what the Book of Hanlin says is so vain that it cannot be fully believed, and its claim that the "Outline" was presented in October of the sixth year of Zhengde is also a fallacy. Volume XIX of the Mingshan Collection states that "in June (the second year of Zhengde), the Emperor Taimiao of Feng'an Xiaozong repaired the "General Records of the Past Dynasties"[15], and the same is true of the Qing Compilation of the Ancient Books and Books. In view of this, the "Summary" was written in June of the second year of Zhengde when there was no objection, so the "Hanlin Record" said that it was not submitted until October of the sixth year of Zhengde, which is obviously false.
The Minghui Essentials, vol. 36: "In July of the second year of Zhengde, the scholar Li Dongyang and others wrote the Ninety-two Volumes of the General Records of the Past Dynasties. [16] From this, it can be seen that the MingHui Will holds the theory of the July advance. After reviewing the Records of Emperor Mingwuzong, he said: "(In the autumn and July of the second year of Zhengde's second year), after the "Tongjian Compendium" was submitted, the chief of ceremonies immediately went to the cabinet to convey the holy will: order the official to supervise the engraving of the engraving, and inspect one or two pieces of paper decoration upside down, and return to the cabinet to see the show, in order to change its order. It was Li Dongyang,a scholar of the Japanese University, but the same officials Jiao Fang and Wang Jun were in the cabinet, and Fang thought that the compilation was always in Dongyang, and it was not his own responsibility, and he was slow to treat others without courtesy. His people were angry, so they bai Yujin, and Jin Fang wanted to suppress The Confucian courtiers with things. On the morning of the first day of the first month, Officials such as Ke Dao, minister of the Biji Prefecture, presented it at Zuo Shunmen to present a copy, and picked up more than a hundred cases of unevenness in the thickness of the characters and paintings and the slightest discrepancy. [17] The sentence "癸卯, after the general jian jiao" is submitted" is very likely to make people mistakenly think that the "Outline" was presented on the second day of the first month of July, and the author speculates that the author of the "Ming HuiJiao" is most likely deceived by this. Detailed snooping, on the first day of July, when the courtiers saw the submission and pointed out the place of the intention in it, the matter of the submission must have been earlier than the first day of the Qunchen's first day before they could see the submission, so the "Minghui Want" held the statement that "Zhengde entered the submission in July of the second year" because there was no screening here and caused a mistake.
Volume VII of the "Outer Collection of The Mountains": "On June 29 of the second year of Zhengde, he retired late from Hanlin. Officials should come to report that they would enter the DPRK tomorrow morning and would need to go early. But the order of The Dean Of the Cloud, Mr. Liu Renzhong, is unpredictable. Tomorrow morning, Fengtianmen retreated, and the envoy declared: "The official of the Prefectural Department, the official of the Kedao Seal, and the official of the Hanlin Academy are all on standby." Not long after, the clouds were thrown in the appropriate room: 'Yesterday I presented the purpose of the "Tongjian Compendium" book, and now I am specially clothed'. Shi Xiya was suing, and Jiao and Wang Ergong were both guilty. [18] According to this, the Compendium of General Records of the Dynasties was presented on June 29, 2012 in Zhengde. However, careful discernment found that the above-mentioned matter about the "General Records of the Dynasties" was much consistent with the records of the Ming Wuzong Shilu, and it was suspected that it was due to the same record. According to the Records of Emperor Wuzong of Ming, "On the early morning of the first day of the first month, Ke Dao, the minister of the Biji Prefecture, and other officials presented them at Zuo Shunmen with a present, and picked up the unevenness of the characters and paintings and the slight discrepancies of more than 100 people who thought they were guilty"[19], and what the "Records of the Record" said was that Liu Jin deliberately accused liu Jin of slandering the text, that is, "Liu Jin transcribed imprudently, because it was a crime for Dongyang." Dongyang is embarrassed. Jiao Fang is the solution, but to stop the removal of the names of the transcription officials." [20] This is all corroborated by the records contained in the Outer Collection of The Mountains, so there is no doubt that the above narrative has the same source, but the time records do not match, and it seems that there are miscalculations. The Outer Collection of The Mountains is a note by Ming Lushen, which discusses or reprints old sayings of others or has biased memories, and its authenticity is unreliable, and the General Catalogue of the Four Libraries describes it as "gossip and trivia, wrong in between". Therefore, the author prefers to be included in the "Records of Emperor Mingwuzong", not only because the "Records of Ming Wuzong" are compiled as official acts, but also because the historical materials quoted by the Records are mostly privately written and difficult to see, and the author searches for records from the "Records of Emperor Mingwuzong" that are self-evident.
The Records of Emperor Wuzong of Ming Dynasty, vol. 27, reads: "(June of the second year of Zhengde's reign) Ding Youxiu's "Compilation of General Records of the Dynasties" was completed, and the young master and prince Taishi, the official Shangshu, and Li Dongyang, a scholar of the HuagaiDian University, were presented to the Wenhua Hall, and Dongyang was given a feast in the ceremonial department, and the emperor was honored with filial piety. [22] On the twenty-fifth day of Ding You's reign, the official submission of the General Records of the Dynasties should be June 25, 2016, and there was nothing wrong with "In the early morning of the first day of the first day of (July of the second year of Zhengde), the minister of the Biji Prefecture, Ke Dao, and other officials presented the present book at Zuo Shunmen, and the unevenness of the chinese characters and paintings and the fact that more than a hundred people who had slight discrepancies thought they were guilty" did not contradict each other. In addition, Guangxu Twenty-three Years Guangya Bookstore once engraved the Ming Si Li Supervisor Book, and the former record of Li Dongyang and other books said that "Zhengde 2nd year 2 June 25 Guanglu Dafu Zhu Guo Shaoshi and Crown Prince Taishi Official Shangshu Huagaidian University Scholar Li Dongyang and others are on the table", and the Ming Wuzong Imperial Order was also signed "Zhengde 25 June 2000". Therefore, the "General Records of the Dynasties" was submitted on June 25, 2012 in Zhengde, and made credible. In addition, due to the fact that the jincheng edition of the "Outline of the General Records of the Dynasties" was pointed out by Liu Jin, many transcriptions were found to be inaccessible, "so the WenhuaDian Shu office official Zhang Jun and others were re-transcribed", and in November of the second year of Zhengde, which can be confirmed by the transfer of the official positions of Zhang Jun and others, "There is a difference between Zhang Jun, the official Zhang Jun, etc., and the Jun is promoted by the Guanglu Temple Secretary, Zhou Hui is promoted by the Shang Baosi to the Guanglu Temple, Yang Li is promoted by the Dali Commentator to the Taibu Temple, Gao Dai and Tong Tai are promoted by the commentators to the Hongxu Temple Zuo Shaoqing, and Hua Ying is promoted by the Hongxu Temple to the Guanglu Temple Shaoqing, Ji Shiliang and Zhu Tianlin were promoted from Zhongshu Sheren to Taichang Temple, Gao Rong was promoted from Zhongshu Sheren to ShangbaoSiCheng, Wang Gao and eleven others were promoted from the preamble class to Zhongshu Sheren, and Huang Xi and three others were promoted from the Shuban official to the Sequential Class. First, the "Tongjian Compilation" was completed, and Liu Jin wanted to cut off the revision of the officials, and to transcribe the right young supervisor Tao Jin and Ti Tiaojun in order to be imprudent. In the end, Jun and other transcribes Bi Jincheng were all super-ranked officials, and seven people, including the decorator Dou Mao, were also deputy envoys of his majesty. [23] Therefore, in conjunction with the Records of the Records, the Compendium of the General Records of the Dynasties was first presented on June 25, 2016 in Zhengde, and re-transcribed on November 2 of Zhengde 2nd year (24th).
3. Personnel involved in the repair
The "Outline of the General Jian of the Dynasties" is described by the repairers as "Li Dongyang, a scholar of the Guanglu Dafu Zhu Guo Shaoshi and the Prince Taishi Official, Shangshu Huagaidian University, The Guanglu Dafu Zhuguo Prince Taibao Shangshu and the Wuyingdian University Scholar Jiao Fang, the Zide Dafu Zhengzhi Shangqing Hubu Shangshu and the Scholar Of Wenyuange University Wang Jun"[24], which only included Li Dongyang, Jiao Fang, and Wang Jun. The author reviewed the "Records of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty" and said: "The compilation official now pushed Wu Kuan, the scholar of the Rites Department of zhan shifu and the scholar of Hanlin Academy, Xie Duo, the right attendant of the ministry, Guan Guozi, the wine ceremony of Xie Duo, the secretary of Nanjing Taichang Temple, Wang Hua, the scholar of Zhan Shifu and Hanlin Academy, Liu Ji, the scholar of Hanlin Academy, Jiang Lan, Yang Tinghe, a scholar of Zuo Chunfang University and a scholar of Hanlin Academy, Liu Chunhe, a scholar of Hanlin Academy, Liu Chun, Bai Yue, Zhang Tianrui, a scholar of Zuo Chunfang, Zhang Tianrui, a scholar of Hanlin Academy, Jin Gui, a waiter of Hanlin Academy, a scholar of Hanlin Academy, And Mao Cheng, a scholar of Hanlin Academy, and Zhang Shu, a waiter of Hanlin Academy. Liu Zhong, Right Chunfang Right Middle Yun Jiang Mian, Zuo Chunfang Left Zanshan Fei Honghanlin Academy Editor Shu Luo Xuan, Xu Mu, Wang Suo, and Ju were all appointed. Wang Hua and other orders were in charge of sorting out, Wu Kuan, Xie Duo, Zhang Yuanzhen passed through the editing, and the ministers and other ministers generally added detailed decisions and successively submitted them. His transcription officers pushed Zhou Wentong of the Shun tianfu fu and sijing bureau zhengzi Zhou Wentong, Shang Bao Siqing and sijing bureau zhengzi Liu Di, Shandong Buzheng si zuo senator Cen Ye, official LangZhong Jiang Gong, Shen Dongkui, Deputy Huang Lin of Dali Temple Zuosi, Zhongshu Sheren Zhao Shi, Shen Shilong, Qiao Zong, Li Qi, Wang Jue, Hongxu Temple Preamble Class Wang Lin, Zhuang Lin, Chen Hou, Yang Jie, Guo Hao, Zhang Tianbao, translation officer Liu Xiang, Urging Officials Libu Lang Zhonghu Qing, Hanlin Yuan KongMu Liu Xun"[25], the "Records" not only contains personnel involved in the compilation, but also has specific appointments and is extremely detailed. However, the above compilers are not fixed, and due to factors such as the transfer of official positions and the birth, old age, illness and death, the composition of the compilers has also changed.
Quoted in the "Records of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming" (May of the sixteenth year of Hongzhi), liu jian, Li Dongyang, and Xie Qianyan of the university yesterday preached the holy will of the eunuch Fu'an, and the "Outline of Tongjian" and the "Continuation" deeply governed the Tao, and the ming ministers and other ministers took the festival and wrote a second book, but still divided the volumes and came in one after another for viewing. The next day, An also preached the Holy Will, intending to combine the deeds of the three kings and five emperors into one book"[26], according to its intention, it should be Liu Jian, Li Dongyang, and Xie Qianfeng who wrote the "General Records of the Past Dynasties", but in the submission table of the second year of Zhengde, it was Li Dongyang, Jiao Fang, and Wang Jun, and it was inferred that it was because of the transfer of official positions. The MingHui Jiao (明会要) states that "when the Book of Shishu (Tongjian Jiaojiao of the Dynasties) was practiced by Emperor Xiaozong, Fang Wei was made the chief official. To the point of ordering the Wenhua Hall to be victorious, Fang Sui was listed in the middle of it." [27] Jiao Fang was not involved in the revision of the Essentials, and his name as chief executive was due to his accession to the Cabinet. The "Biography of Ming Shi Wang Jun" says: "In the second year of Zhengde, the university scholars Liu Jian and Xie Qian went one after another, and the cabinet stopped Li Dongyang alone. Jin wants to attract Jiao Fang, and the court deliberates on the sole push. Jin forced the public to argue, and ordered this official and bachelor to join the cabinet with Fang"[28], when Zhengde's "Outline" was submitted in the second year, it was just right for Li Dongyang, Jiao Fang, and Wang Jun to be cabinet assistants, so they signed their names.
The "Records of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming" describes wu kuan, Xie Duo, and Zhang Yuanzhen as the actual positions of the three people, and the historical materials found that the three were actually the vice presidents of the "General Records of the Past Dynasties".
The "Mingshan Zang" talks about Wu Kuan and Xiu's "Essentials" as "and the revision of the "General Records of the Past Dynasties", and still serves as vice president". Wu Kuan participated in the compilation of the "Great Ming Huidian", "entering the canon and repairing the "Daming Huidian",[29], and after the completion of the "Huidian", he continued to participate in the compilation and revision of the "Compendium", so it is said that "still serves as the vice president", which can also be proved in the "Records of the Tribute of the National Dynasty", volume XVIII, which states that "(Wu Kuan) is the president of the "Huidian", the "Huidian" is completed, the Shangshu and bachelor of the Jinli Department, the "Compilation of the General Records of the Dynasties", and still the vice president". [30] By yes, Wu Kuan was the vice president at the time of compiling the Compendium of General Records of the Past Dynasties, and was responsible for the deletion and polishing of the matter.
Zhang Yuanzhen, Zi Tingxiang, Nanchang people. He was a four-year soldier of Tianshun, changed to a Shu Jishi, and was taught editing. At the beginning of Hongzhi, he participated in the compilation and revision of the Records of the Constitution of the Emperor Xianzong, and later summoned the revision of the "MingHuiDian", "Jiuzhi, summoned to be the vice president of the "Daming Huidian"[31], and thereafter, due to his mother's worries, when Hongzhi was revising the "General Records of the Past Dynasties" in the sixteenth year of Hongzhi, he was re-summoned as vice president because of Li Dongyang's performance, and the biography of Ming Shi Zhang Yuanzhen contained that "he has repaired the Tongjian Compilation and re-summoned him as vice president".[32]
Xie Duo, Zi Mingzhi, Taizhou Taiping people. Tianshun eight years into the soldier, changed to Hanlin Yuan Shu Jishi, taught editing, promoted to serve. During the Chenghua period, he participated in the revision of the "Outline of the Continuation of the Zizhi Tongjian", the initial pre-revision of the "Records of the Xianzong Dynasty" by Hongzhi, and later the compilation of the "Outline of the Tongjian of the Past Dynasties", "癸海 (Hongzhi Sixteenth Year), the revision of the "Tongjian Outline", and the order is to polish". Xie Duo focused on the identification of the orthodoxy of the dynasties, "Duo on the unification of the Jin, Sui, and Hu Yuan, and the wise man Yunzhi"[33], and the Ming Wenhai recorded his article "On the< > of the Tongjian of the Past Dynasties" recorded in the Ming Wenhai, which further shows his personal views on the compilation of the "Outline of the Tongjian of the Dynasties". Xie Duo's orthodox attribution should be based on "Juzheng" as the only criterion, "wherever its unity lies, which is correct and lawful, which is not correct and can be disciplined", in view of this, Xie Duo further proposed that "the Outline of the Cover in the year of Lü Hou and Xin Mang, all are crowned with armor, and divided into books." At that time, the unity of the world was not incompatible, and the thief queen and the courtiers could not be compared with the orthodoxy, so they had to divide the ears of the book. The queen of thieves and the courtiers cannot be unified, but those who are of all kinds can be unified. What is not written in this Compendium is what is right today." [34] From these aspects, Xie Duo has a relatively comprehensive reflection on the compilation of the Tongjian Essentials of the Dynasties, which states that "all orthodox, the title of the emperor is above the first year, and the unorthodox and the unorthodox are divided under the jiazi", which shows that Xie Duo's proposal should have been adopted.
In addition to the records of the Various Repair Officials and Transcription Officials in the Records of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming, the author searched for one of his Que Zai Revision Officials and several Transcription Officials.
The "Continuation of Yizhou" volume 148 "Wu Wen Duan Gong, Yi Peng Zi, Nan Fu Changzhou people also." Hongzhi Zhongzhong was promoted to a jinshi, changed to Hanlin Shujishi, was taught to edit, and pre-revised the Tongjian Essentials"[35], but Wu Yipeng's participation in the revision of the "Essentials" is only seen here, and there is no other supporting evidence, so it is probable that the facts will remain to be proved by others.
Volume XXVIII of the Records of Emperor Wuzong of Ming Dynasty contains the transcribing of officials who were not carefully punished after being transcribed in the Records of the Tongjian of the Past Dynasties, and the officials involved were different from those mentioned above, "Zhou Wentong and the officials of the Official's Department, Shen Dongkui, the Left Temple of Dali Temple, The Zheng Zhao Style, the Zhongshu Sheren Qiao Zong, Fang Ying, Li Qi, Xu Fuhong, the Preamble Class of the Temple, Wang Lin, and others in March; The Shaoqing Ji Tong of the Taibu Temple, the Priest Lang Zhonghu Qing of the Libu Temple, the Deputy He Ze of the Left Temple of dali Temple, the Deputy Liu Xue right commentator of the Right Temple, the Deputy Liu Xue, the Deputy Judge of the Right Temple, the Zhongshu Sheren Wang Jue, Liu Xun, the Preamble Class of the Hongxu Temple, Zhou Ling, Lin Yingxi, Qian Lu, Zhang Tianbao, and others all ordered Zhishi; Shen Shilong, Wu Yao, Bo Donghan, the master of the Hongxu Temple, Guo Sheng, Shen Xiu, Kang Shifeng, Zhu Sheng, He Zhen, Zhang Zuo, Zhang Kun, and Hua Chun, The Superintendent Zhang Yuancheng, Shao Wenen, Wang Huan, Gao Lun, Zhang Huan, Xu Lu, Huang Qing, and Wang Kezhang were all for the people. Shi Dongyang and other detailed transcriptions of poor slander, but Shen Shilong, Wu Yao, Zhang Huan, Hua Chun, and Shao Wenen were five"[36], compared with the compilers of the previous series, this can fill in the gaps.
The Records of Emperor Wuzong of Ming dynasty 32 contains the following : "There is a discrepancy between Zhang Jun, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, a scholar of the Guanglu Temple, a shangshu of the Guanglu Temple, a secretary of the Guanglu Temple, a secretary of the Guanglu Temple, a secretary of the Guanglu Temple, Yang Li who is promoted from a Dali commentator to a Secretary of the Temple, Gao Dai and Tong Tai from the commentators to the Left Shaoqing of the Hongxu Temple, Hua Ying from the Hongxu Temple to the Shaoqing of the Guanglu Temple, Ji Shiliang and Zhu Tianlin from the Zhongshu Sheren to the Taichang Temple, Gao Rong from the Zhongshu Sheren to the Shangshu Temple, Wang Gao and eleven others from the Zhongshu Sheren to the Zhongshu Sheren, Wang Gao and other eleven people from the Preamble Class to the Zhongshu Sheren, and Huang Xi and three others from the Shuban to the Shuban",[37] According to this Zhang Jun, Zhou Huizuo, Yang Li, Gao Dai, Tong Tai, Hua Ying, Ji Shiliang, Zhu Tianlin, Gao Rong, Wang Gao, and Huang Xidang participated in the revision, and except for Zhang Jun, the rest may have been only officials recruited when they were re-transcribed after the compilation of the General Records of the Dynasties was submitted, so it is not discussed among Li Dongyang's compilers.
In addition, when compiling the "General Records of the Past Dynasties", the compilers should have their own division of labor, so as wu Kuan, Xie Duo, and Zhang Yuanzhen mentioned above, and other transcription officials, urging officials, etc., and from Wang Hua to Wang Suo, although the "Records" said that "all are competent", the specific positions are not clear, and it is speculated that it should be the specific writing of the "General Records of the Past Dynasties" and the selection of historical materials. The Records of Emperor Wuzong of Ming states that "(Xu Mu) and the Revision of the General Records of the Dynasties, song and Yuan assertions are more than his hand"[38], suspecting that Xu Mu was responsible for picking up the historical facts of the Song and Yuan dynasties and writing the Song and Yuan parts, and it is very likely that other compilers may have such a division of labor, but due to the lack of materials, it is difficult to know clearly.
4. The erroneous publication of the edition of the General Records of the Ages and the General Bibliography of the Four Libraries
After the Tongjian Essentials of the Past Dynasties were submitted in the second year of Zhengde, they were engraved by the Si Li Supervisor, and the Twenty-eighth Volume of the Records of Emperor MingWuzong said that "癸卯, after the Tong Jian Jiao" was submitted, the Si Li Supervisor immediately went to the Cabinet to convey the Holy Will, and ordered the official to supervise the engraving of the engraving book, and one or two of the paper decorations were upside down and restored to the Cabinet to see the show"[39], which was hidden in the Inner House after being engraved by the Si Li Supervisor in the second year of Zhengde, and the "Tianlu Linlang Bibliography" said that its book was followed by "the treasure of Guangyun and the treasure of the history of the table chapter". The Bibliography of Ancient Chinese Books examines that the edition of the book is called the Zhengde Two Year's Edition, which seems to be inaccurate. This edition is now in Sichuan Normal University, its edition leaves 10 lines, 20 words, black mouth, double fish tail, left and right sides, the heart of the engraved book title, volume and page number, Guangxu Twenty-three Years Guangya Bookstore immediately engraved this book. After this book, the official inscriptions of the Ming Dynasty were no longer books. Most of the manuscripts that have survived today are private engravings and manuscripts, such as The "General Records of the Past Dynasties" engraved by Liu Hongshen in the fourteenth year of Zhengde, as well as the Chongzheng Academy's re-revised version of the Chongzheng Academy in the first year of Longqing, the tri-color version of the Qingnei Province, and the Zhumo codex of the Qianlong Inner Province. [40]
The Qing Dynasty Siku Quanshu did not include this book, but when reviewing the General Catalogue of the Siku Quanshu, it was found that the outline written by the Siku Guanchen for the "Outline of the Tongjian Festival" mentioned the "General JianJian Essentials of the Past Dynasties", and regarded the two as one book, which was inevitably a mistake of the Siku Guanchen.
"The Essentials of the Little Micro TongJian Festival" edited by Song Jiangzhen. 贽, Zi Uncle, Chong'an people. In the middle of the political peace, Tai Shi played the young micro star to see the dynasty, ordered the widow to be a man, and there was a division to answer the edict, and the resignation did not go, and the name was given to Mr. ShaoWei. It is a book taken from Sima Guang's "Zizhi Tongjian", and the major points are deleted, but the beginning and end are consistent, and they are not as good as the original book. This book was published in Ming Zhengde, preceded by the Imperial Order of Emperor Wuzong. At the end of the "Ezhou Xiaoji" of Kao Luoyuan, Wang Zhan's "Moon Mountain Record", the title is called the "Tongjian Festival", which is rebuilt when it is doubtful of zhengde, and it is not the old version of the restoration. And the "History of Ming" Li Dongyang said that Dongyang was ordered to compile the "Tongjian Compilation", which was completed, and Jin renren plucked his strokes and small defects, except for the names of the transcribed officials, and wanted to cause and Dongyang, Dongyang was greatly embarrassed, and belonged to Jiao Fang and Zhang Qiao as an explanation. Zhang Yuanzhen is also known as the vice president of the "Tongjian Jiao", and the "Tongjian Jiao" is immediately the "Festival Essentials", and gai shi is even different, but this book Dongyang and Yuanzhen are also determined. [41]
Hu Yujin's "Supplement to the General Bibliography of the Four Libraries" initially pointed out its error, "To Li Dongyang and Zhang Yuanzhen, who have been called "Tongjian Essentials", I am afraid that it will not be a book, and the summary is a question, that is, it is a section, and it is not a certainty." [42] The Tongjian Essentials of the Past Dynasties was revised in the sixteenth year of Hongzhi, and was engraved in the second year of Zhengde, beginning with the Three Emperors in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and the ninety-two volumes, while the Shaowei Tongjian Jiejiao was republished in the ninth year of Zhengde, beginning with the Three Emperors and finally ending in the Later Zhou, combining fifty volumes, and the two books were obviously different. As for the four library pavilion ministers confusing the two books, the author guesses that he misjudged Emperor Wuzong's "Imperial System Of Little Micro Zizhi Tongjian Festival Essentials".
The way of the emperors contained in the Six Classics is the law of rule for all generations, and the history of the Qin and Han Dynasties is the trace of the rise and fall of chaos under the Qin and Han Dynasties, and it is also known to those who rule the world. My Emperor Kao Xiaozong Jing Emperor was in the imperial court for eight years, purely based on the way of the Six Classics, the time of all opportunities, without him to play well, and I loved to look at the history of the previous generations as the Dharma precepts. The Confucians of Hanlin took the books of the "Imperial Chronicle" and the "Outline of the Tongjian", and summarized their outlines, from the Three Emperors to the Yuan Ji, which were always a book, and gave the name "Tongjian Compendium of The Dynasties". At the beginning of his reign, he inherited his ancestors and urgently ordered Confucian ministers to speak on a daily basis. To administer the government, only the imperial examination is the law. The recent examination of the "Little Micro Section", Yuezhi, its book first contains the affairs of the emperor, the main scriptures are many, the history is the order of the table, the notes of the Confucian arguments, or the general category at the end of a generation, or attached to each matter, the details are not general, slightly not sparse. The beginning and end of the opening volume are seen, and the shortcut for the reader of history is also covered. The revision of the "Essentials" the day before yesterday was also prepared for selection, and at the first age, there was a blur between the words and paintings, because it was re-engraved by the Inspector of Orders, and it was attached to the "Song and Yuan Festivals to Be Continued", and the "Continuation" was not yet refined, and it seemed that there was no catch, so it was taken as a book, and it was necessary to examine the traces of the past dynasties, that is, whether it was good or not, in order to test today's politics. And he will compromise with the way of the emperor. Shu Ji, first of all, compiled the meaning of the "Essentials", gong admonished gong, specially for the order, using its origin to carve the clouds. Zhengde 9 November 13. "Imperial System of Minor And Micro-capital Governance Tongjian Festival" [43]
In view of this, more space is devoted to the revision of the "Tongjian Essentials of the Dynasties" in the Imperial Order of Emperor Mingwuzong, and its opening paragraph is very similar to the preface to the "Tongjian Essentials", and the second year of Mingwuzong Zhengde did write the "Imperial System of the General Jianjian Essentials", and the author speculates that the Siku Guanchen mistakenly thought that both orders were written in the "Tongjian Summary of the Imperial Dynasties". In addition, when the "Outline" was revised, it was indeed consulted in the "Shaowei Tongjian Festival", "the revision of the "Outline" of the previous day was also prepared for selection", therefore, due to the extreme similarity between the title of the article and the content of the writing, the Four Libraries Pavilion Did Not Know In it, the specific content of the article was not taken into account, so that this was slightly flawed.
[(1)] "List of General Records of the Past Dynasties", guangxu twenty-three years of Guangya Book Company published the "General Records of the Past Dynasties".
[(2)] Records of Emperor Ming hsiao-tsung, vol. 199, reprinted by the Institute of History and Linguistics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, 1962, p. 3694.
[(3)] "List of General Records of the Past Dynasties", guangxu twenty-three years of Guangya Book Company published the "General Records of the Past Dynasties".
[(4)] [Qing] Huang Yuji: Bibliography of Qianqingtang, vol. 4, Wen yuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 767, p. 112.
[(5)] "Imperial Chronicles of The General Jian Essentials" Guangxu Twenty-three Years Guangya Book Company Published "General Jian Summaries of the Dynasties" at the beginning of the volume.
[(6)] [Qing] Yu Minzhong: "Tianlu Linlang Bibliography", vol. VIII, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Bibliographies, Qing Dynasty, Vol. 11, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 2006, p. 166.
[(7)] [Ming] Jiao Zhen: Records of the Tributes of the State Dynasty, Shibu Vol. 101, Siku Quanshu Bibliography Series, Jinan: Qilu Book Society, 1996, p. 4.
[(8)] [Ming] He Qiaoyuan: Famous Mountains and Treasures, vol. 68, Fuzhou: Fujian People's Publishing House, 2010, p. 1342.
[(9)] [Qing] Zhang Tingyu: History of the Ming Dynasty, vol. 242, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1974, p. 6287.
[(10)] [Ming] Jiao Hu: Records of the Consecrations of the State Dynasty, vol. 72, Volume 104 of the History Department, Siku Quanshu Bibliography Series, Jinan: Qilu Book Society, 1996,
p. 125.
[11] [Ming] Lin Yaoyu: Manuscript of the Chronicle of the Rebbe, vol. 33, Wen Yuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 597, pp. 974, 978.
[12] "Emperor Ming Baoxun, Emperor Xiaozongjing of Daming," Shibu, vol. 54, Jinan: Qilu Book Society, 1997, p. 280.
[13] Records of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming, vol. 199, p. 3694.
[14] [Ming] Huang Zuo: Records of Hanlin, vol. XIII, Wen Yuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 596, p. 998.
[15] [Ming] He Qiaoyuan, Mingshan Collection, vol. 19, Fuzhou: Fujian People's Publishing House, 2010, p. 567.
[16] [Qing] Long Wenbin: MingHuiJiao, vol. 36, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1998.
[17] Records of Emperor Mingwu, vol. XXVIII, p. 713.
[18] [Ming] Lu Shen: The Outer Collection of The Mountains, vol. VII, Wen yuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 885, p. 44.
[19] Records of Emperor Mingwuzong, vol. XXVIII, p. 713.
[20] [Qing] Long Wenbin: MingHuijiao, vol. 36, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1998.
[21] [Qing] Yong Yao: General Catalogue of the Four Libraries, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1965, p. 1063.
[22] Records of Emperor Mingwu, vol. XXVII, p. 710.
[23] Records of Emperor Mingwuzong, vol. XXXII, p. 796.
[24] The "List of General Records of the Past Dynasties", Guangxu Twenty-three Years Guangya Book Bureau published the "General Records of the Past Dynasties" at the beginning of the volume.
[25] Records of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming, vol. 199, p. 3694.
[26] Records of Emperor MingXiaozong, vol. 199, p. 3694.
[27] [Qing] Long Wenbin: MingHuiJiao, vol. 36, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1998.
[28] [Qing] Zhang Tingyu: History of the Ming Dynasty, vol. 181, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1974, p. 4826.
[29] [Ming] He Qiaoyuan, Mingshan Collection, vol. 19, Fuzhou: Fujian People's Publishing House, 2010, p. 581.
[30] [Ming] Jiao Zhu: Records of the Tributes of the State Dynasty, vol. 18, Shibu Vol. 100, Siku Quanshu Bibliography Series, Jinan: Qilu Book Society, 1996, p. 726.
[31] [Qing] Zhang Tingyu: History of the Ming Dynasty, vol. 184, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1974, p. 4879.
[32] [Qing] Zhang Tingyu: History of the Ming Dynasty, vol. 184, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1974, p. 4879.
[33] [Ming] Jiao Zhu: Records of the Tributes of the State Dynasty, vol. 72, Shibu Vol. 104, Siku Quanshu Bibliography Series, Jinan: Qilu Book Society, 1996, p. 125.
[34] [Qing] Huang Zongxi: Ming Wen Hai, vol. 174, Wen Yuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 1454, p. 796.
[35] [Ming] Wang Shizhen: The Four Drafts of Yizhou, Vol. 148, Wenyuange Siku Quanshu, vol. 1454, p. 150.
[36] Records of Emperor Mingwu, vol. XXVIII, pp. 713-715.
[37] Records of Emperor Mingwu, vol. XXXII, p. 796.
[38] Records of Emperor Mingwuzong, vol. 75, p. 1651.
[39] Records of Emperor Mingwuzong, vol. XXVIII, p. 713.
[40] Bibliography of Ancient Chinese Books, Shibu Shang, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 1991, p. 128.
[41] [Qing] Yong Yao: General Catalogue of the Four Libraries, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 1965, p. 432.
[42] Hu Yujin and Wang Xinfu, Ed., Supplement to the Compendium of the General Bibliography of the Four Libraries, Shanghai: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House, 1998, p. 427.
[43] Siku Quanshu Bibliography Series, Shibu, vol. 2, Jinan: Qilu Book Society, 1996, pp. 781-782.