Text: Anti-inflammatory pills (reading history columnist)
There is a story in the "Search for God" that an old fox who has cultivated for a thousand years does not listen to the advice of the thousand-year-old dead wood demon HuaBiao and insists on meeting Zhang Hua, who was already the head of the Western Jin Dynasty at that time.
The old fox, who turned into the appearance of a young scholar, saw Zhang Hua and talked with Zhang Hua about the past and the present, but he did not expect that Zhang Hua, who had always been knowledgeable and knowledgeable, could not say that this young scholar could not be said.
So when it comes to the article, the sound of the school is true, and Hua has not tasted it. Than fu shang slight three history, explore the hundred families, talk about the old, Zhuang Zhi'ao district, cloak, ya of the absolute purpose, bao ten saints, through the three talents, zhen eight confucians, five rites, Hua Wu should not be stagnant. ”
Zhang Hua concluded that this scholar was a monster, and he knew that there was a thousand-year-old Huabiao ancient wood in front of the tomb of King Yanzhao, which could show the prototype of the monster, so he sent someone to cut down the Huabiao wood, illuminate the fox prototype, and cook it.
"Search for God" is a collection of novels that record the strange and magical stories of ancient folklore, although it is only the literary imagination of the author of the novel, but it also reflects the "stereotype" of historical figures in folklore. In this folk tale, the only one who is more powerful than Zhang Hua's knowledge is the Millennium Monster. But even if it was a thousand-year-old monster, Zhang Hua knew how to deal with it.
Zhang Hua served as Sikong in 296 AD, Zhang Hua caught the Millennium Demon Fox for less than four years, and he himself was also involved in the whirlpool of the Rebellion of the Eight Kings, killed and killed, a generation of geniuses fell, and a dynasty also began the road to destruction.
01
In the Western Jin Dynasty controlled by the door valve aristocracy, a person's origin often determines his future development destiny, the upper echelons of the country are controlled by the clans, even the emperor has to worry about three points, and the opportunity for the children of the cold door to enter the decision-making level is very small. Zhang Hua, on the other hand, is an atypical cold disciple.
Zhang Hua's father, who was once the Taishou of Yuyang County, was also a feudal official, but unfortunately he died early, and the family road soon fell, "Hua Shao was lonely and poor, and he herded sheep by himself", and could only rely on his own sheep to maintain his livelihood.
However, the poor family situation did not hinder Zhang Hua's progress, and zhang Hua loved to read and was good at writing articles when he was a teenager, and he was famous in fanyang County, his hometown where he was born and raised. The Book of Jin records that "the book of Hua Xueyoubo, Wen Li, Lang Zhan Duotong, and Tu Wei Fang Zhi is not detailed." ”
During his later tenure as the emperor's secretary, he was asked about "the Han palace room system and the establishment of thousands of households", Zhang Hua not only answered the question like a stream, eloquent, fascinating, but also drew a diagram while explaining, and today, it is the champion player in the "Strongest Brain" program.
Liu Fang, a townsman, valued Zhang Hua's talent and married his daughter to him. Liu Fang was a vassal of the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui (曹叡), who served as the grand master of Zuo Guanglu (左光禄大夫), "The Golden Seal Purple Silk and Yi Tong Sansi", and was a figure of the rank of chancellor during the reign of Cao Wei. Unfortunately, a year after Zhang Hua's marriage, Liu Fang died. However, this marriage laid the foundation for Zhang Hua to enter the shi, and later Zhang Hua was recommended by Taishou Xianyu in Fanyang County to be the next Dr. Taichang and officially entered the career.
Jiu Xiang is also afraid of the deep alley, no matter how high the talent, if there is no Bo Le, I am afraid that in the era of the Western Jin Dynasty, which is born in the first place, even a genius like Zhang Hua can only have a reputation and cannot do anything. In his adolescence, Zhang Hua's fame was also limited to Fanyang County, where he was born, which was equivalent to a local trumpet.
Zhang Hua, who entered the central government, silently revised his history and wrote articles, but the world was not very peaceful, Sima Yi pretended to be crazy and foolish to deceive Cao Shuang, launched the Gaopingling coup, and He Yan and other celebrities were persecuted.
Zhang Hua witnessed this situation and created a "Wren Endowment":
Wrens, birds also, born between artemisias, grow under the fence, soar within the ordinary, and the reason for life is enough. The color is light and ugly, it is not used by others, the shape is humble, the harm of things is not harmful, the breeding of the race, the ride on the horse, and the dancing is also for self-enjoyment. The vultures are terrified, the peacock emeralds, or the time of the red sky, or the outside of the empty circle, the Han lift is enough to soar into the sky, the distance is enough to defend itself, but all of them bear the baby's payment, and the feathers pay tribute. Who? There are also people for use. The husband's words are shallow and can be deep, and the class is small and can be metaphorically large, so it is endowed with Yun'er.
Zhang Hua was inspired by the different encounters of the wren and the birds such as the wren, the vulture, the frightened hong, the peacock, the jade and other birds, the wren could "fly with its own pleasure" because it could not be used by others, and the vulture, the vulture, the surprise, the peacock, and the jade were "all responsible for the baby" because they were useful to people.
Therefore, Zhang Hua hopes to be able to protect himself in a wren-style way of survival, and seek relative satisfaction and stability in the dangerous political arena by following a cautious and cautious way of dealing with the world, so as to gain a firm foothold and achieve success.
After this article was seen by ruan yuan, a famous minister of the same village, he sighed and said, "Wang Zuozhicaiye" is also. Equivalent to today's Weibo trumpet article was forwarded by the V big coffee, suddenly popular, rapidly increased fans, "from the reputation of the beginning."
Another famous minister of the same village, Lu Qin, recommended Zhang Hua to Sima Zhao and officially entered the fast lane of Shitu.
02
Zhang Hua, who entered the career in the early days, only did some secretarial work, first as Dr. Taichang, a senior consultant responsible for the sacrifice of the Zongmiao Temple, and later as Zuo Shulang and Zhongshu Lang, responsible for writing inscriptions, blessing texts, sacrifice texts, etc. Although the position was high, he could also get the trust of Emperor Wu of Jin, but he had been doing behind-the-scenes work.
Until he met another noble man in his life, Yang Hu.
Yang Hu was a key figure in the Western Jin Dynasty's successful cutting of Wu and unifying the whole country, and during his tenure as the governor of Jingzhou, he painstakingly managed and plotted to cut down Wu's strategy, but the voice of the imperial court opposing Wu was very strong, "In the beginning, Emperor Qian and Yang Hu plotted to cut down Wu, and most of the courtiers thought that it was impossible, and Wei Hua approved of his plan. Zhang Hua was one of the few people around Emperor Wu of Jin who supported Wu.
In 278 AD, Yang Hu returned to Luoyang from Jingzhou, and because he was seriously ill and could not enter the dynasty, Sima Yan sent Zhang Hua to comfort Yang Hu, who once again told Zhang Hua about his strategy of cutting Wu, and finally Yang Hu said to Zhang Hua: "The one who becomes a hero, Zi Ye." "It's you who can fulfill my wishes!"
In 279, when the Western Jin Dynasty launched a major campaign against Wu, Emperor Wu appointed Zhang Hua as the DuZhi Shangshu to be responsible for planning and transporting grain and grass, and together with Emperor Wu formulated battle plans.
Cutting down Wu was not an easy task, and the State of Wu relied on the Yangtze River Heavenly Graben, and even in the tyranny of Wei Shu and the tyranny of Sun Hao, the monarch of the State of Wu, it still fought against the Western Jin Dynasty for ten years. Zhang Hua's support for Wu was at great risk, especially the clan members within the Western Jin Dynasty, Jia Chong and Xun Xun, who were also strongly opposed.
The Wu army was initially stranded and did not achieve results, so Jia Chong and others asked Emperor Wu to behead Zhang Hua. Emperor Wu said, "This is my intention, hua dan and my ears." ”
In the strong opposition, Zhang Hua, even at the risk of being beheaded, always insisted on his own opinion, believing that Wu Wu would win. With the full support of Emperor Wu, the enemy army was finally attacked in March of the following year, Wu surrendered, and the Western Jin Dynasty was finally unified.
Zhang Hua's persistence finally ushered in the dawn of victory. Zhang Hua was knighted and favored by virtue of this service, "enfeoffed as the Marquis of Guangwu County, Zengyi Wanhu, Fengzi as the Marquis of Ting, 1,500 households, giving silk 10,000 horses", and "the name is heavy, and the people are obedient", and the reputation is expanding day by day.
Zhang Hua's victory at the Battle of Pingwu brought him the "Hope of Taifu", but he did not expect that he had also reached the peak of his career during the reign of Emperor Wu of Jin.
03
Zhang Hua lamented in his early creation of "Wren Endowment", "The goshawk is subject to the wren, the parrot is wise and into the cage, Qu Mengzhi is nourished, and the block is in the ninth weight." "The goshawk was arrested for his bravery, and the parrot was caged for his argument, and he has been alone ever since.
He originally wanted to be an indisputable bird wren, but he did not think about fate but made him a trapped goshawk, which became a true portrayal of his career.
The emperor's grace brought him jealousy and slander, especially in the Western Jin Dynasty court controlled by the Gate Valve Clan, and as a gentleman from the Cold Gate, he was repeatedly ostracized in the imperial court.
One of his rivals was Xun Xun.
Like Zhang Hua, Xun Xun was a secretary and was also known for his knowledgeable knowledge, once in charge of the rhythm, and the revised rhythm was popular in the world. Compared with Zhang Hua, Xun Xun's origin is much better, his great-grandfather was the Eastern Han Dynasty Sikong Xun Shuang, and his grandfather was Cao Wei Taifu Zhongxuan, who was born in a famous family.
Xun Xun and Zhang Hua were competitive in their work, and they were also very talented and deeply appreciated by Emperor Wu of Jin, but the difference was that Zhang Hua dared to tell the truth, even if he knew that it did not match the mind of Emperor Wu of Jin, he could also insist on his own opinions. Xun Xun, on the other hand, was good at greeting people, as Sima Guang commented, "Xun has talent and ideas, and is good at serving people's ideas, so that he can consolidate his favor." ”
Xun Xun worked with Zhang Hua as the secretary of Emperor Wu of Jin, and often gave Zhang Hua small shoes to wear, hoping that Emperor Wu of Jin would put Zhang Huawai in the border town.
Once, Emperor Wu of Jin asked Zhang Hua, "Who can pin down the hereafter?" "It's the equivalent of asking, who can be my successor, which is a highly sensitive question in any dynasty.
Zhang Hua, on the other hand, gave the answer that Emperor Wu of Jin did not want to hear the most, "Mingde's dearest relative, Mo Ruqi Wang You." Sima You was the half-brother of Sima Yan, the Emperor of Jinwu, and was Sima Yan's most powerful contender when he ascended the throne, and the last person Sima Yan wanted to succeed him.
From the perspective of the state society, Sima You's succession is the best choice, but from Sima Yan's point of view, he would rather let his idiot son succeed to the throne than his brother with high prestige and ability to succeed him.
Zhang Hua's insistence is not to meet the intention of the situation, but to start from the national social welfare and express his own views. Also because of his insistence, Zhang Hua failed to conform to Sima Yan's wishes on this major political issue. Xun Xun successfully put on small shoes for Zhang Hua, and Zhang Hua was sent to youzhou town to guard the border.
04
It is gold that shines wherever it goes.
Youzhou is now the Hebei area of Beijing, which was the border of the Western Jin Dynasty at that time, and this area was often inhabited by a group of nomadic people, Hu and Han, and the situation was very complicated. Before Zhang Hua was transferred, Murong Shigui, the leader of Murong Xianbei, invaded Changli County, leaving many thorny problems. Presiding over military affairs in such a place is extremely easy to make mistakes and be caught by others.
Xun Xun and others instigated Emperor Wu to send Zhang Hua here, in fact, in order to pave the way for further crackdowns and persecution. However, Zhang Hua did not do as they wished.
After Zhang Hua arrived, "Care for the old and the new, Rong Xia Huaizhi." The kingdoms of Dongyi Mahan and Xinmi followed the mountains and the sea, went to the state for more than 4,000 miles, and more than 20 countries that had not been attached to the past, and sent envoys to the court. Therefore, Yuanyi Binfu, the four realms are safe, the years are abundant, and the horses are strong. ”
During Zhang Hua's term of office, not only did the Hu ethnic group in the territory not make trouble, but also the border of the prefecture was safe, and the agricultural aspect was also "frequent and prosperous" and achieved good development. At the same time, the national defense strength of the "Strong Horse" was greatly enhanced, so that small foreign countries such as the distant Dongyi Mahan and other countries that had never been attached to it also came to pay tribute, and to a certain extent, diplomatic achievements were made, showing Zhang Hua's outstanding political ability.
In the sixth year of Taikang (285), Zhang Hua was recalled to Luoyang by Emperor Wu for his outstanding performance in Youzhou. Emperor Wu intended to restore him to his original post, and Zhang Hua had to write the "Poem of the Garden Meeting After The Third Day of March in the Sixth Year of Taikang" to reward the holy grace, which shows the joy of being summoned back to Beijing.
On the first day of the twilight spring, the yang qi is clear, the qi is sweet and rainy, and the anointing is flowing.
Xi Xi XiangFeng, Qi Stagnant Alien Life, Birds XiangYi, Hui Mu Zi Rong.
However, at the right time, Emperor Wu's favorite minister Feng Zhen and Zhang Huasu had a gap, and the interjection said: "Hua Gong is highly strategic, and he has soldiers and horses in his hands, and hopes that His Majesty will consider it carefully, in case Zhang Hua has a disobedient heart." ”
Emperor Wu listened to rumors and defended Zhang Hua everywhere, only to be given a permanent post without real power. Later, Emperor Wu, on the grounds of "folding the house of the Taimiao Temple", lowered Zhang Hua's crime and dismissed him from office.
Zhang Hua was never appointed again during the reign of Emperor Wu and was always presented as a marquis.
05
Zhang Hua, who was full of economy, because of his own insistence, disagreed with the opinion of emperor Li Chu, and sat on the cold bench for 5 years, and in 290, it was Sima Zheng, the idiot son of Sima Yan, whom Zhang Hua did not want to see, who was for Emperor Hui of Jin.
Along with the stupid emperor, there was also the famous evil empress in history, the daughter of the traitorous minister Jia Chong, Jia Nanfeng.
Sima You, the King of Qi whom he supported at that time, was expelled from the dynasty as early as 7 years ago because of the humiliation of the ministers Xun Xun and Feng Zhenjin, and he was only thirty-six years old when he was sick with anger and vomited blood.
A dynasty of heavenly sons and courtiers, the sole power was the empress dowager's father Yang Jun. Although Zhang Hua was appointed to the honorary position of Taifu, because he was jealous of Yang Jun, he continued to sit on the cold bench and was not allowed to participate in the government.
In 291, a coup d'état occurred in the imperial court, and The Prince of Taifu Yang Jun was killed by Jia Nanfeng and Sima Liang, the king of Runan. After Yang Jun was killed, Empress Jia Nanfeng wanted to depose Empress Yang, and when the court discussed the matter, most of the courtiers complied with the will, believing that the empress dowager should be deposed.
Zhang Hua did not "learn a lesson" because of the bench time he paid in front of Sima Yan, and everyone was like a cloud. Bench time did not sharpen his edges and corners, dare to speak out is always his true color, at this time only Zhang Hua stepped forward, thinking that "the way of husband and wife, the father can not get from the son, the son can not get from the father, the empress dowager is not offended by the emperor." Now that the party and his relatives are not mothers in the holy world, it is advisable to depose Empress Zhao as the story of Filial Piety, demean the title of Empress Dowager, and also call Empress Wu, living in a different palace, with the grace of the end of the whole gui."
However, the opinion was not adopted, and Empress Yang was still deposed as a Shuren.
After Yang Jun was killed, power still did not fall into the hands of Jia Nanfeng, but was jointly ruled by Sima Liang, the king of Runan, and the chancellor Wei Wan. Jia Nanfeng was naturally not satisfied, and sima Wei, the king of Chu, killed Sima Liang, Wei Ou and others. Sima Wei was naturally unwilling to give up the power he had in his hands and began to control the government.
At that time, there was a lot of internal and external chaos, and the courtiers were terrified and helpless. Zhang Hua told Emperor Hui: "Sima Wei killed the Second Duke without authorization, and the general acted hastily, believing that it was the will of the state, so he listened to Sima Wei. Now That His Majesty can send envoys with banners to lift martial law for foreign forces, the incident can be put to rest. ”
Emperor Hui adopted Zhang Hua's advice, and Sima Wei was defeated. After Sima Wei was killed, Zhang Hua was first dedicated to his meritorious deeds, and was worshipped as the Right Guanglu Doctor, kaifu Yi tongsan division, shizhong, and zhongshu supervisor, and wore a gold seal purple silk.
Yang Jun was deposed, The King of Runan was killed, the King of Chu was cursed, and behind the scenes were Emperor Hui's empress Jia Nanfeng, whose methods were fierce and clear the forces that were blocking him. After the King of Chu was cursed, Jia Nanfeng finally took the power in his hands and officially stepped into the forefront.
Zhang Hua, who was full of economy, may not have imagined that the second spring of his life and career was actually opened under the combination of the stupid emperor and the evil empress.
06
"With the Huashu people, Confucianism and elegance have a strategy, there is no suspicion of forcing them to advance, they retreat to the expectations of the people, and they want to rely on the program of the dynasty and visit Israel for political affairs."
Because Zhang Hua was born as a civilian, Jia Nanfeng did not have his own political power, he would not threaten himself, and he had made political achievements and won the hearts of the people. Therefore, Zhang Hua presided over the government together with Pei Jun, Jia Mi and other ministers.
Although Emperor Hui of Jin was stupid and the empress was vicious, there was a group of capable ministers, and the world also maintained peace for ten years.
In the past ten years, Zhang Hua has still maintained his true character of daring to tell the truth. Although Jia Nanfeng can make good use of people politically, he is still very promiscuous in life, and Zhang Hua made a "Female History Proverb" to exhort Jia Nanfeng.
The Tao is reckless and does not kill, and things are prosperous and do not decay; the sun is full, and the moon is full; the dust accumulates, and the opportunity is terrifying.
Although Jia Hou was fierce, she knew and respected Hua. Jia Nanfeng showed rare generosity in Zhang Hua's sarcasm, and did not embarrass Zhang Hua, but he still went his own way, especially on the issue of the emperor's successor.
At that time, Emperor Hui of Jin had already created the crown prince Sima Suo, who was a "seed" left by Sima Yan during his reign, Xie Jiu, a talented person.
Jia Nanfeng was childless, even more fierce, and the concubines who had been favored by the Jin Hui Emperor were difficult to save their lives, and she once stabbed a pregnant concubine in her hand, and her stomach and the painting halberd landed almost at the same time. After Xie Jiu was pregnant with Liujia, he was protected by Sima Yan and secretly ran out of the palace to give birth to Sima Suo smoothly.
Sima Song was a thorn in Jia Nanfeng's eye and often gave him small shoes to wear.
Once, Pan An, a famous handsome man in history, was sent by Jia Nanfeng to frame the prince, and while the prince was drunk, he asked the prince to copy a usurpation article, present it to Emperor Hui of Jin, and show his subjects everywhere, at this time no one dared to speak. Only Zhang Hua stood up and said, "This country is a great calamity." Since The Han Dynasty, every time he deposed Zhengyi, he was in turmoil. And the country has a shallow world, may Your Majesty know more about it. ”
Zhang Hua's insistence was still in vain, and the group of ministers discussed until dark, Sima Suo was deposed as a Shuren, and later killed by Jia Nanfeng.
After Sima Song's death, Emperor Hui of Jin had no sons, and as Zhang Hua said, "Every time he deposes Zhengyi, he is deposed until he is in turmoil", and Sima Suo's deposing and murder give the Brothers of the Sima family a reason to rebel.
In the first year of Yongkang (300), after Sima Lun and Sun Xiu conspired to depose Jia, they falsely claimed that Emperor Hui had summoned Zhang Hua to the palace, and Zhang Hua was arrested and killed, and the three tribes were destroyed, at the age of sixty-nine. "On the day of death, the family has no surplus wealth, but literature and history overflow with opportunity."
Han Yu, the chancellor of the Tang Dynasty, once commented on Zhang Hua: "Xi Weizi went and the Yin kingdom died, Zhang Hua did not die and the discipline was not chaotic, the country wanted to be thankful, and the good people declined." ”
As soon as Zhang Hua died, the world that had been stable for ten years was chaotic again, and the Western Jin Dynasty irreversibly moved toward the road of collapse.
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