The history of military ranks dates back to the 15th and 16th centuries, when some Western European countries widely used them in the military in order to indicate the social status and military rank of military personnel.
The history of the development of Chinese military ranks can be traced back to the Republic of China, however, the social order at that time was extremely chaotic, and there were many unworthy generals or special generals.
After the founding of New China, the reason why the military rank system was not determined was because the organization did not want the people to think that this was to be discussed and rewarded for merit.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > (1) is urgent and imperative</h1>
The People's Liberation Army (PLA) is a team that has experienced the encirclement and suppression of the Kuomintang during the Red Army period, the heroic resistance of the Eighth Route Army, and the liberation war after the end of World War II. In 1950, he sent troops to the Korean Peninsula to support the Korean people in resisting U.S. aggression.
In these wars, whenever troops are fighting together, it is often difficult for troops to determine who is in command without a clearly designated commander from their superiors.
Also, when two scattered teams meet together, it is impossible to decide who will command the battle.
Therefore, in 1952, the Central Committee decided to implement the military rank system, and then Peng Dehuai wrote a report to Chairman Mao to explain the importance of the military rank system.
He said: "Rank is mainly to determine the position and position of each soldier in the queue, in order to perform his duties in accordance with the provisions of the duty ordinance; at the same time, it is an honor given by the state to the soldier to encourage his work and self-motivation in the army." ”
At that time, China practiced a "one-sided" diplomatic policy, and it was natural to learn from the Soviet Union in terms of military ranks.
After a series of agreements and rounds of discussion, it was decided that in the 1955 conferment ceremony, 10 marshals, 10 generals, 55 admirals, 1 additional in 1956 and 1958, and 175 lieutenant generals.
Among them, there is one person with a very special situation, he is Chen Qihan.
When he was awarded the title in 1955, the Central Military Commission took the initiative to find him and gave him a letter of appointment and a pen, and the position column of the letter of appointment was vacant.
Originally, the Central Military Commission let Chen Qihan fill in his own ranks, and the generals, admirals, or lieutenant generals were all left to him to decide.
If you are an ordinary person, seeing this day of great joy, it is naturally so excited that you can't help yourself.
But Chen Qihan was different, he expressed his gratitude for the trust of the organization, but he could not make a special one, and still hoped that the Central Military Commission would make a decision.
The comrades of the Central Military Commission told him that this was an order from a superior leader and that he should not shirk it.
Chen Qihan saw this and wrote in the blank column: "Lieutenant General", without the slightest hesitation. Because of his character, he is not greedy, does not seek rewards, and is good at being honest, and there is no need to pursue those external things.
Chen Qihan's move is definitely not a deliberate expression of himself, how indifferent to fame and fortune.
Then, when the comrades of the Central Military Commission asked him why he was so modest, Chen Qihan replied sternly: "The revolution has struggled for more than 20 years under the correct leadership of the Party and Chairman Mao, and today it has been victorious and successful. For me, the status of the individual and the gain or loss are very small issues. ”
It can be seen that Chen Qihan is extremely modest.
In his view, all the merits are the result of Chairman Mao's wise leadership, and his personal progress is not enough to be commended.
Nevertheless, the Central Military Commission did not give him the rank of lieutenant general according to Chen Qihan's wishes, but granted him the rank of general.
When Chen Qihan heard this news, his heart was full of emotions, and he did not know how to repay the trust and praise of the organization.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" > (2), meritorious service, as it should be</h1>
The Central Military Commission was able to let Chen Qihan fill in his own rank, and after he wrote down lieutenant general, he still awarded him a general, which is enough to prove that the Central Military Commission affirms him.
And Chen Qihan must also have his own superiority and deserve this honor. So, what kind of past does Admiral Chen Qihan have?
Chen Qihan was born in 1897 in Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province, and saw that the people's livelihood was withering and the social order was chaotic, and a heart to save the people from water and fire took root silently in his heart.
After graduating from Jiangxi Provincial No. 4 Middle School, Chen Qihan resolutely threw himself into the Shaoguan Branch of the Yunnan Army Lecture Hall, and since then went south to study in the Second Lecture Hall of the Patriotic Army in Guangzhou.
Here, Chen Qihan increased his knowledge and met a group of like-minded friends.
The real change in Chen Qihan's experience should be to enter the Whampoa Military Academy to study.
At that time, he was full of spirit, and he had to be ahead of everything, and soon became a student captain and company commander, and came to prominence in the task of countering the British army and calming the rebellion.
At that time, he had a close friend named Chen Geng, and neither of them was accustomed to what was being done within the Kuomintang. Under Chen Geng's introduction, Chen Qihan joined the Communist Party of China and belonged to one of the early revolutionary party members.
After the collapse of the Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, Chen Qihan firmly continued to follow in the footsteps of the Communist Party, and returned to his hometown to rejuvenate the country, carry out guerrilla struggle, and organize the Revival Rebellion.
At that time, Chen Qihan was very convinced of Chairman Mao, and obeyed all his orders, taking on the task of building a Soviet government and taking the lead in carrying out the agrarian revolution in the local area.
Chairman Mao also had great trust in Chen Qihan and successively appointed him chief of staff of the Red Fourth Army, the Red Third Army, and the Red First Army.
In order not to live up to this expectation, Chen Qihan charged forward every time.
Unfortunately, he was seriously injured in the fourth anti-encirclement and suppression operation. Nevertheless, after a period of cultivation, he decided to return to the battlefield and participated in the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression campaign.
After Wu Qi's division, Chairman Mao appointed him chief of staff of the Red Fifteenth Army, and then in 1937 appointed Chen Qihan to garrison the Yellow River as commander of the Suide Garrison.
Because Chen Qihan was meticulous in his thinking and earnest in his work, Chairman Mao decided to transfer him back two years later to serve as commander of the Yan'an Garrison District and concurrently held the post of head of the General Staff Department of the Central Military Commission.
In 1943, Chen Qihan entered the Party School of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which made a good preparation for his subsequent path.
On the eve of the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Chen Qihan went to the northeast again, and in his capacity as deputy commander of the Jicha Reliao Military Region, he commanded the defense of Gubeikou.
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek of the Kuomintang gave a death order to Sun Lianzhong, the director of the 11th Theater, asking him to open the First Line of Chengde Chifeng in a short period of time.
Sun Lianzhong naturally did not dare to disobey the chairman's order.
He immediately ordered the mobilization of three troops, one of which set out from the Jincheng Railway and quickly moved to Ye Baishou and Lingyuan.
The other team came from Pinggu Road towards Gubeikou, with a total of 12,000 people; the last road was to take Xifengkou. The Kuomintang army was menacing and was bound to completely capture the Rehe Liberated Area.
The PLA troops stationed at Gubeikou were the 16th and 55th Regiments of the 14th Military Subdistrict, and seeing that the situation was so urgent, they had no choice but to return fire.
Under Chen Qihan's exquisite layout, the People's Liberation Army repelled dozens of charges by the Kuomintang army in succession. Even though the Kuomintang army was several times higher than the People's Liberation Army, everyone did not have the slightest intention of fearing the enemy and fearing war.
After five days and five nights of fierce fighting, the Kuomintang army suffered heavy losses, and more than 1,500 people were killed on the spot. Although hundreds of PLA soldiers died, it was still a great victory.
After this battle, the People's Liberation Army broke Chiang Kai-shek's plan to cut off the connection between North China and the Liberated Areas in Northeast China, and also gave him a sharp blow to his ruse of seizing northeast China.
As one of the commanders, Chen Qihan can be said to be indispensable.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > (iii), a generation of stars, immortal</h1>
General Chen Qihan's exploits in the War of Liberation go far beyond that.
Seeing that the Kuomintang army had the intention of breaking the net of fish death, our army naturally no longer tolerated it. Since 1946, the Plaster has been preparing to turn a full defensive into an offensive in the northeast region.
After winning many battles such as "three under the south of the river, four to protect the linjiang" and many other battles, Du Yuming's plan of "first going south and then north, attacking and defending the north from the south" was officially destroyed.
Lin Biao led a large army to cross the Songhua River in the south from 1947, preparing to fully liberate the northeast with a single blow.
The following year, the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army changed its name to the Northeast People's Liberation Army and prepared to completely annihilate the Wei Lihuang Clique.
At that time, Chen Qihan was the commander of the Liaoning Military Region, and he actively organized local armed forces to cooperate with the attack launched by large troops.
At the time of the Liaoshen Campaign, Chen Qihan mobilized local armed forces to eliminate the Kuomintang troops who came to support him, and destroyed the logistical reserves of the Kuomintang troops.
In this campaign, Chen Qihan was honored as chief of staff of the Northeast Military Region.
At the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the central authorities appointed Chen Qihan, who was familiar with the customs and customs of Jiangxi, to return to his hometown and serve as commander of the military region.
His main task was to suppress the remnants of the Kuomintang and the bandit armed forces in collusion with the Kuomintang.
Under his rule, calm was quickly restored in Jiangxi, and Chen Qihan also amassed a high popularity, which made him chairman of the Consultative Committee of the People's Congress of All Walks of Life in Jiangxi Province in 1952, the predecessor of the Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
As a native of Jiangxi, Chen Qihan did his best to contribute to the development of Jiangxi.
He hoped to dedicate the rest of his life to the land he loved, but at that time, the national talent was relatively scarce, and Chen Qihan had both excellent professional knowledge and a tried and tested revolutionary cadre.
After just one year as chairman of the Jiangxi CppcC Committee, he was transferred to Beijing to serve as the president of the PLA Military Tribunal and the president of the Military Court.
Chen Qihan's case was justly decided, the Grand Duke was selfless, and everyone was extremely convinced of him.
It is precisely because of this that the Central Military Commission will let Chen Qihan fill in the rank he wants himself, and will insist on awarding Chen Qihan the rank of general.
Later, Chen Qihan was transferred to the Supreme People's Court of the people's republic of China and served as vice president.
It is worth mentioning that he was a member of the first, second, and third national defense committees, a member of the Standing Committee of the third and fourth people's congresses, and a member of the CPC Central Committee.
Regrettably, the old man passed away on June 19, 1981. Although the hero has passed away, his spirit of high wind and bright spirit and perseverance will coexist with the sun and the moon in the world.