Sheng Xuanhuai (November 4, 1844 – April 27, 1916), also spelled Xingsun, also spelled Youxun, Xingsheng, Xingsheng, Xingsheng, No. Ciyi, no. Han Chinese, a native of Wujin County (present-day Changzhou City), the capital of Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, were buried in Jiangyin after their deaths. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, xiucai was born, a government-run businessman, a comprador, a representative figure of the Western-style faction, a famous politician, entrepreneur and philanthropist, known as the "father of Chinese industry", "the father of Chinese businessmen", and "the father of China's higher education". ”
Sheng Xuanhuai created 11 "China's firsts": the first civil joint-stock enterprise steamship China Merchants Bureau; the first telegraph bureau, the China Telegraph General Bureau; the first inland small steamer company; the first bank China Commerce and Commerce Bank; the first railway trunk line Beijing-Han railway; the first steel joint venture Hanyeping Company; the first higher normal school Nanyang Public School (now Jiaotong University); the first mining company; the first public library; the first modern university Beiyang University Hall (today's Tianjin University); and founded the Chinese Red Cross Society. ”
He was enthusiastic about public welfare, actively provided disaster relief, and creatively dredged the Xiaoqing River in Shandong Province with the method of work-for-relief. Sheng Xuanhuai experienced legends and achievements in his life, and founded many pioneering undertakings, involving steamships, telegraphs, railways, steel, banking, textiles, education and many other fields, with great influence, famous at home and abroad, and hanging on to future generations. ”
Because Sheng Xuanhuai was buried in Jiangyin, it has recently been rumored that he is from Jiangyin, so that he has misled public opinion with false rumors, so where is Sheng Xuanhuai?
First of all, let's comb through his early experiences and look for clues from the beginning of his life:
"In the 24th year of The Qing Dynasty (November 4, 1844), Sheng Xuanhuai was born in Longxi, Wujin County, Changzhou Province, Jiangsu Province (now Shengjiawan Village, Xinzhong Village, Wuxing Subdistrict, Zhonglou District, Changzhou City) in the late Qing Dynasty."
In February of the tenth year of Qing Xianfeng (1860), the Taiping Army advanced into Changzhou, and Sheng Xuanhuai and his parents avoided the town of Changjing in Jiangyin and then to Yancheng. After his father Sheng Kang served as a grain road in Hubei, he went to Hubei again. ”
"In the first year of the Reign of Qing Tongzhi (1862), Sheng Kang was appointed to the Hubei Yanfa Dao, and Sheng Xuanhuai married Dong Shi."
"In the fifth year of Qing Tongzhi (1866), Sheng Xuanhuai and his second brother returned to Wujin County to take the boy exam, and both entered Pan to supplement the county students."
In summary, it can be seen that Sheng Xuanhuai was not only born in Changzhou, but also basically confirmed from the details such as returning to his hometown to take the boy's test according to the system: Sheng Xuanhuai was born in Changzhou.
Although it has been confirmed that Sheng Xuanhuai's origin in Changzhou, will there be a situation where his father just moved to Changzhou before he was born?
So, secondly, let's search for where Father Sheng's place of origin is?
"Sheng Kang (1814-1902), zi xun cun, number Xu people, nickname to wait for the lord of yun nunnery, late number lingering garden master, Changzhou people." His son was Sheng Xuanhuai. Daoguang Twenty Years (1840) Zhongju, Daoguang Twenty-four Years (1844) Jinshi, initially served as Tongling Ling, and later served as Luzhou Prefecture, Ningguo Prefecture Prefect, and Hezhou Zhiyi Prefecture Zhizhou Zhizhou. It was there to treat flood relief. In 1852, the Taiping Army conquered Anqing and Jiangning, and Sheng Kang was sent to the assistant Jiangnan Camp Grain Station. After retreating into Hubei, Inspector Hu Linyi "took the province as the political commissar", and then took charge of Hubei Yanfa Wuchang Dao as a political envoy, and tried his best to raise military expenses for the Qing army. ”
It can be seen that the father and son of the Sheng family are all Changzhou people, so will the Sheng family be ancestral residence elsewhere, and only Sheng Kang Sheng Xuanhuai father and son are naturalized in Changzhou?
Sheng surname, the number of people in Changzhou is not much, not a big surname, and the historical relationship with Changzhou is not very long. However, the sheng surname occupies a place in Changzhou and even in modern Chinese history, and it is worth introducing and studying. At present, Changzhou has a population of more than 6,300 people, accounting for 0.31% of the city's total population, ranking 63rd by number.
According to the ancient book "Surname Examination", the Sheng clan is derived from the yellow emperor Ji surname. There are two sources: one is from the descendants of Sheng Bai, the first king of the Zhou Dynasty princely state Shengguo; the other is from King Wen of Zhou's son Cheng Shuwu, who summoned the prince to yusheng. In his later life, there was Sheng Bao, whose original surname was Beihai Taishou during the Han Dynasty, and changed his surname to Sheng because he avoided the Han Yuan Emperor Liu Zhen. The surname Sheng was seen from Runan, Liangguo, and during the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a clan with the surname Sheng, and there was Sheng Xian who served as the Taishou of Wu County, which was for the Southern Sect of the Sheng clan.
Changzhou Sheng surname, from the existing historical data and Sheng clan genealogy, there are two main branches of the Sheng clan in the Ming Dynasty from Jinling (Nanjing) and Guangling (Yangzhou) moved in.
According to the "Genealogy of the Biling Sheng Clan" (Si Cheng Tang Tibetan Edition), the ancestor of the clan migrated to Chang I, Sheng Yong, and lived in Shaanxi for his ancestors. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, he accompanied the Hongwu Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang in his conquests, and he commanded envoys in the army. At the beginning of Emperor Jianwen of the Ming Dynasty, he led an army to fight against the army of Zhu Di, the King of Yan, in Shandong, conquered Licheng (Jinan), Dezhou and other prefectures and counties, and was awarded the title of Marquis of Licheng. Later, he led an army to return to the Ming Yongle Emperor Zhu Di and ordered the town to guard Huai'an. His son Yansan moved from Guangling to Huashuli (now part of Minghuang) in wujin city, Changzhou, and his descendants became naturalized in Changzhou, and it has been nearly 600 years since they moved to Changzhou, and have multiplied to the 24th generation. Descendants scattered in Changzhou County, Minghuang Jishuli, Hutang Liedi Temple, Nanzhai BeiyanLi, Nanxiashu Fengshu Bridge, Zhaiqiao, Fangqian, Hengshan and other places.
According to the Genealogy of the Sheng Clan of Longxi in Biling (Dunmutang Tibetan Edition), the ancestor of this clan Qianchang I was Sheng Rui, the son of Yan Yi, the eldest son of Sheng Yong, the Marquis of Licheng in the early Ming Dynasty. Ming Yongle was born in the third year (1405) at the age of Gongsheng, Guanzhi County, from Jinling to Longxi, northwest of Changzhou City, and the Kai clan was the ancestor of Changzhou Longxi. Longxi, located in the west of the present-day West New Bridge, north of the Lushu Bridge, was originally connected with the Guanhe River and the Shihe River, since the Sheng surname lived here, it was called Shengjia Bay, and the present river no longer exists. In present-day Xinzhong Village, Wuxing Township, there is Shengjiawan Village, which is the place where the Sheng clan moved to Changchang. Over the past 600 years, future generations have flourished and moved to dozens of places. The first ancestor Sheng Ruisheng had the second son Meng Xian and Zhongqiu. Meng Xian's second son, the third Sheng Song, moved to Jiang Siqiao Senshu during the Ming Jingtai period, and Zhongqiu Zi Sheng Tai moved to Xinkaihe in Huainan Township, west of the city. The fourth Bincheng moved to Magongqiao, West of Chengxi, in the year of Ming Chenghua, which is now Shengjia Village in the west of Mahe Bridge. During the Wanli Dynasty, Shi Yu moved to Yangqiaoli (Yangqiao Village, Yuncun), Qianjing moved to Dongzhuang (now part of Mitsui Zou Village) in the north of the city, and Xuelu moved to Lishuqiao Street (present-day Lüshu) in Anshan Dongxiang. During the Chongzhen period, the 10th Shikui moved to Wuhuang Temple (now part of Former Huang) in the south of the city, and Longchen moved to Hengshanqiao. The 14th Songyuan moved to Shaojia Village, Yixing and Qiaobei Shili Suotou Bridge.
Tracing back to the source, Sheng Xuanhuai belongs to the branch of the Longxi Dunmu Hall of Biling, and was born in the ancestral residence. At this point, we can confirm through clear verification that Sheng Xuanhuai is from Changzhou (that is, Wujin in the Qing Dynasty), not in Jiangyin or elsewhere.
