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In the seventeenth year of Jianwu (43 AD), the abolition of Empress Guo Shengtong was put on Liu Xiu's agenda, all in order to fear and guard against the huge family power behind the Guo clan. Liu Xiu, who had already secured the throne, almost deposed Guo Shengtong's empress dowager by means of a swift and unconcealed means, and replaced it with Yin Lihua. ”
| Chapter 10: The Scourge of the Party |
Four
It seems to have become the norm, and the more the monarch of a dynasty reaches the end of his life, the more worried he is about what will happen after him, and the nearer the competition for the imperial throne is white-hot, especially for the founding monarchs.
It is precisely because of this worry that Liu Xiu's various domestic and foreign policies revolve around the axis of consolidating imperial power.
This is the case with the reform of the official system and the military system.
Ignoring the Western Regions, it is also the case with the beautiful name of "The Western Regions Are Free".
"High rank and generous gift, allow yuan gong" is still like this.
This is especially true of suppressing foreign relations!
After the foreign enemies were eliminated, the four realms were eliminated, the heroes were reprimanded, and the internal troubles were worry-free, another major incident struck Liu Xiu's heart, making him think about it and unable to let go.
There was no way, the lessons of the former Lü clan, huo clan and wang clan and other foreign relatives who caused him to fall to the throne were too shocking and chilling, and Liu Xiu had to deal with it carefully.
| Empress Guo Shengtong/film and television image |
The abolition of Empress Guo Shengtong was thus put on Liu Xiu's agenda, all in order to fear and guard against the huge family power behind the Guo clan.
At that time, it was already the seventeenth year of Jianwu (43 AD), and Liu Xiu, who had already sat firmly on the throne, almost deposed Guo Shengtong's empress dowager by a means of lightning speed and replaced it with Yin Lihua.
After Guo was deposed, the crown prince Liu Yi was even more worried and unable to make peace.
In fact, up and down the court, who did not know that empress Guo Shengtong's deposing was not much of a reason to take the stage in a dignified manner, and Liu Yi did not see anything wrong that could not be done and was not a good prince.
But at the same time, everyone knows that the deposed empress was originally to change the prince - or vice versa, who let the prince's mother be Guo Shengtong?
In the face of such an almost open secret, the prince sat restlessly, but did not dare to express anything, and it was not an exaggeration to say that he was alive and dead on that day.
| Guo Shengtong was deposed/the film and television image was |
Still for Liu Yi to teach "Han Shi", Zhi Yun—that is, the outspoken Zhi Yun who once advised Wang Mang to return the throne and become a subject to him in person—spoke to Liu Xiu again, but this time he said cautiously, completely without the great righteousness he had when facing Wang Mang.
The father cannot get it from the son, but the subject can get it from the king? It was the courtiers who did not dare to speak. Although, may His Majesty read his plan, there is no reason for the world to have a society.
What He Yun probably means is that the affairs of the couple can never be clear to outsiders, this is the case between father and son, and it is even more so between the monarch and the courtiers, so I cannot and dare not say anything about the matter after the emperor's abolition. Despite this, I still hope that His Majesty will be cautious about the matter of the prince and not let the people of the world criticize it more than once.
Liu Xiu's answer to this was: Forgive yourself and measure the Lord, knowing that I will not have any influence but lighten the world.
Meaning: Rest assured, you should be able to understand my pain, and know that I will certainly not be swayed and criticized.
You come and go, one round down, the two sides still seem to not touch each other' bottom, and the days of Prince Liu Yi are even more difficult, the kind of sword hanging on the head can not be dropped, always let people's lives hang on the line of trembling and trembling let Yu Yun can not see.
Xi Yun advised Liu Qi to say:
It is really not a good idea to be suspicious of the position for a long time, to violate the filial piety on the top, and to be in danger of being in danger, it is best to protect oneself and take the initiative to express one's position, and it is advisable to retire because of the sorrow of the left and right and the princes, and to serve the adoptive mother's clan, to teach the Ming Saints, and not to be born back.
Liu Yi acted according to his words, and several times asked the kings around him and his brothers to earnestly make statements in front of his father and emperor, saying that he was willing to resign the position of prince and become a king of the foreign domain far away from the capital.
But Liu Xiu has not said anything.
It was not until two years after Guo Shengtong's depose that Liu Xiu, when the crown prince once again begged his father to take him from the position of prince, did he go down the slope and take the title of prince of Liu Qi, and crown him as the King of the East Sea.
To put it bluntly, the reason why Liu Xiu waited for two years after the abolition to change the prince was actually to observe the movements, one is to observe the parties, but also to see how the forces behind them will act, which is the most critical.
The former crown prince withstood the test of the wind and waves, and Liu Xiu also showed great generosity, claiming that although the prince was deposed, he was not at fault, and he was favored by a large seal, and also ate Lu County, and his fief was as many as twenty-nine counties.
Moreover, the deposed prince was also allowed to enjoy the super-standard ceremonial ceremonial guard, that is, to repeat the original trick against the founding fathers.
Logically, since he had been crowned king of the domain, he should have left for his own fiefdom to take up the throne, but Liu Qi did not leave the capital division until nearly ten years later—in fact, not only Liu Qi, but also liu Xiu's other sons, after being crowned king and duke, all took up the country in the twenty-eighth year of Jianwu - the princes were obviously not so bold as to dare to disobey orders, that is, to get the emperor's approval or acquiescence?
The reason behind it is still not difficult to speculate, or three words:
No--let-heart!
He was succeeded by Liu Yang, who was born to Yin Lihua. At the same time as becoming crown prince, Liu Yang's name was also changed to Liu Zhuang by his father.
The edict of the re-establishment of the crown prince at that time said:
"The righteousness of 'Spring and Autumn' is precious. Liu Yang, the King of the East China Sea, was the son of the Empress, and it was advisable to inherit the throne. Crown Prince Liu Yi , Chongzhi humbled and retired , willing to prepare for the kingdom. The love of father and son is long gone. He made Liu Yi the King of the East Sea, Liu Yang the Crown Prince, and changed his name to Liu Zhuang. ”
After the two brothers exchanged, the emperor Lao Tzu's heart was put down.
| Liu Xiu and Yin Lihua/film and television image |
Although the imperial court reiterated the old law of the king of the Afu Domain, at that time, the forbidden net was still sparse, and the princes competed for fame and contended for guests from all over the world, and there was a case arising from Wang Su.
Regarding this matter, ma Yuan, the fubo general who was wronged after his death, reminded his family, relatives, and subordinates before his death.
The story goes like this —
Ma Yuan's brother's son-in-law was named Wang Pan (王磐王石), and was the son of Wang Mang's cousin Wang Ren (王仁) of Ping'ahou (王仁).
After Wang Mang's new dynasty, Wang Pan still had a wide range of assets, and loved to make friends and was quite famous in the Jianghuai area. Later, he came to the Beijing Division and had close contacts with Wei Wei Yinxing, Grand Sikong Zhu Fu, Liu Zhang, the King of Qi, and others.
Ma Yuan told his sister's son, his nephew Cao Xun, that he said:
Wang Pan was supposed to stay at home and be honest, but instead he came to Jingshi to show off his face, and there must have been a bad day for him.
Sure enough, more than a year after saying this, Wang Pan was involved in the case of Su Ye and Ding Hong, lieutenants of the Si Li Colonel, and died in Luoyang Prison after being arrested.
After suffering a loss, Wang Su, the son of Wang Pan, did not accept Lao Tzu's lesson and still swung in and out of the palace of the magnates.
Ma Yuanlian shook his head and told his subordinate Sima Lüzhong that now is the year of Jianwu, which is equivalent to the reopening of heaven and earth, and from now on, the country will take stability as its top priority. The only thing to worry about is that the kings are growing up, and the laws that bind them are not perfect, if they do not know how to restrain and communicate with many guests, one day there will be a great injustice that is very involved, and you must be careful yourself!
Sure enough, after Empress Guo's death, someone wrote to the emperor, saying that Wang Su and others came from the cursed family, and they were still not honest, and the prince of traffic, who knew what would happen?
The result is --
"The emperor is angry, and the county of the lower counties collects the guests of the kings, and even more draws them together, and the number of dead is in the thousands."
Lü Zhong also failed to escape, and sighed repeatedly before his execution:
General Ma is too godly! I regret not listening to his advice!
Various theories after Liu Xiu's abolition
History acknowledges that Liu Xiu was a man of high moral requirements, and if there had been no posthumous events, he would have been arguably one of the nearly perfect emperors of China's dynasties. After the abolition, he became the "point" that he has been criticized by generations.
Looking at historical texts and reading the edict after the abolition, Liu Xiu's statement admitted that it was due to "private feelings". But history or is now analyzing the reasons after Liu Xiu's abolition -
It is said that Liu Xiu used the power of his family. After using it, Guo Shengtong was abolished. It should be said that Liu Xiu used Liu Yang to oppose Wang Lang, but at that time, Liu Xiu was the Great Sima of the Beginning, and Liu Yang was investing in the More Beginnings regime. Leverage each other. Liu Xiu already had a high reputation and good strength at that time.
One said that the "Doda Order" failed to abolish the post-theory. Liu Xiudutian should be said to be successful, which is proved by historical materials and excavated cultural relics. Besides, what does it have to do with the aftermath of the abolition? There is something wrong with Liu Xiu's brain.
After being forced to abolish by the Nanyang forces. It is also a speculation that Liu Xiu's side from the founding heroes to the high-ranking officials he appointed are not all Nanyang people, and all the people he appointed are against him? Also, Nanyang's heroes have all gone to retirement, and Liu Xiu is not a puppet emperor, and he was forced to depose Guo Shengtong?
Our view -
After Liu Xiu abolished Guo Shengtong, judging from the treatment he gave guo Shengtong—the empress dowager of Zhongshan and letting her son provide for her—it was purely the "private feeling" in Liu Xiu's personal heart—and I was willing to give Jiangshan to Yin Lihua's mother and son.
Why? Liu Xiuke is a person with extremely high moral cultivation and at the same time pay attention to fame and tradition, and he has no reason to abolish Guo Shengtong, which will bring him "dots". He knew, but he did it anyway, and there was only one thing that could be explained—affection.
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