<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" >01 The savage rises to establish the principality</h1>
Originally, the smoke did not come out of the fire, and the three sticks could not beat a fart in the small country of Lithuania, and these days suddenly brushed a wave of existence.
As far as the country is concerned, it is estimated that only basketball fans can have a little impression of this small country, because this family's basketball technology is really tight.
Let's take a look at the approximate location of Lithuania, located on the Baltic Sea coast, almost in the middle of Europe.
Lithuania
The inhabitants of this Baltic coast, who have been known directly as the Baltics in ancient times, were all in this group in the early years, and that group lived in a tribal system.
Until a gang of strongmen appeared.
This gang of strongmen, with a fierce personality, excellent courage, and good at sneak attacks, do not talk about martial arts, they have honed the ancient art of robbery, can be called the robbers among the robbers.
They were the Vikings.
People who have seen British and American dramas such as "Viking Legends" should have an impression of them.
The Vikings attacked everywhere, plundering Europe, and they often sneaked into the village in the middle of the night, shot away, and then suddenly came out, naked, wow and shouted, making people frightened and invincible.
Therefore, even Britain, France, Russia and other countries are afraid of it, not to mention the scattered, Tarzan-like Polo people?
But to say that the People of Polo really have a few brushes, after they have been robbed and killed by the Vikings several times, they simply threw away the fishing nets, picked up swords and guns, and planned to defeat magic with magic, and we should also be good men in the green forest.
In this way, until the beginning of the 13th century, it must be said that the times created heroes, and there was a heroic figure in the local area, called Mindaugas, let's abbreviately call it Mingdao.
This Ming Dao came from a cold and bitter background, but his heart was fierce, and he had some means, and in order to deal with the scattered tribes, he held a ticket in one hand and a knife in the other, and grabbed it with both hands, and both hands had to be hard.
Within a few years, he had unified the Baltic coast and established the original Lithuania.
We have to know that wherever this primitive ecological kingdom is often a polytheistic belief. Mountains, rivers, lakes and seas, the sun, moon and stars are all objects of worship, and Lithuania at this time is no exception.
However, Christianity had unified Europe at that time, and the Pope sat in the Vatican, looking around to see which one dared to disobey, and this glance saw the nascent Vatican.
Ah, this is a insane pagan country. The Pope's heart was filled with pity for the Lithuanians, so he sent a crusader, intending to use force to temper the Lithuanians and convert them to God.
But you think, is that Ming Dao a person who is idle? That is also the viking of the master, who came out of the wind and waves, the corpse mountain and the blood sea.
Therefore, above the battle front, Ming Dao repeatedly defeated the Crusaders, completely played out of the level, played the mighty wind, and played the hope of victory.
It was at this time that the Orthodox Church also threw an olive branch to Lithuania, trying to win Lithuania over against the Catholic Church.
The one who said, what is the difference between these two sects?
Almost at the same time, in the ancient country of the East, there was a Huashan sect, which was originally a good gateway, indisputable from the world, and loved peace.
However, unable to resist the struggle for power, coupled with the disagreement of some disciples within the sect, finally after a certain fire merger, the Huashan Sect split into the Sword Sect and the Qi Sect, and the two sides have not interacted with each other ever since.
The same is true of the Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church, in their own words, they are all descendants of Peter, the great disciple of Jesus, but later because of the difference in territory, the three views are not in harmony, and the feelings are broken, so they are divided into two, the western part of Europe is called Catholicism, and the eastern part is the Orthodox Church.
Explaining that he was also a little exhausted at this time, after some thought, he planned to convert to Catholicism. Who knew that God did not protect him, and soon after, Ming Dao was assassinated.
Lithuania was again in chaos until the beginning of the 14th century, when Gediminas succeeded to the throne.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="56" >02 became the Catholic guardian of the north</h1>
During his reign, Gediminas, who was well versed in the art of war and quite a legacy, built Vilnius, the capital of present-day Lithuania, and greatly expanded Lithuania's territory, declaring himself "King of Lithuanians and many Russians".
In 1323, the Pope of the Vatican received a letter, he opened it and looked at it carefully, and finally a smile appeared on his originally gloomy face, which turned out to be a letter from Gediminas, in which he expressed his desire to convert to Catholicism and asked the Pope to quickly send priests to baptize.
The Pope's heart was overjoyed, and soon a priest's detachment set off.
The priests received a warm reception in Lithuania, Gediminas greeted the priests cordially, the two sides exchanged views on issues of common concern, and then, after a sharp turn, Gediminas issued a soul torture question to the priests:
What are you here for?
The priests were stunned, and the scene was very embarrassing: Uh, didn't you say that you were going to come and baptize you?
Oh, this is a joke, we Lithuania is a country of freedom of faith, besides, the gods of the world are one, you worship you, we worship us, in the end, worship the gods are the same.
This, this, this, Your Majesty, this.....
Gediminas sunk his face: "Folks, if you really want to baptize, then let the devil baptize me."
With that, Gediminas rolled up his sleeves and left.
You know, at that time, the priest's status was revered, how could he have suffered such a great shame? Embarrassed, the priests decided to fight back, in a unique way, and saw them fold their hands, close their eyes, and begin to pray all night for the incorrigible Gediminas.
As a result of the prayer, Gediminas said that he would meet the Mongols and did not have time to take care of the priests, now, where to cool down and where to rest.
This annoyed the Pope. Pope, the venerable of the world, throughout the Middle Ages, how many heads did you have, daring to pick up the pope's tiger whiskers?
So the Vatican issued a decree ordering the Teutonic Knights to form a new crusade, and the Kêrùr marched into Lithuania.
The Knights of thiston, a coalition of nobles from many countries, made what I think is the most ferocious oath in human history, called the "Oath of Chastity."
The core essence of the chastity vow: to refuse any form of sexual activity.
You think, young and vigorous, fleshy, armed with swords and crosses, and at the same time making a vow of chastity, such an army, is simply a biologically modified hormonal weapon, which will definitely lead to extreme violence.
In 1341, Gediminas was killed in battle. But the fighting continued until 1410, when Gediminas' grandsons Vytautas and Jogaila, united with Poland, finally defeated the Teutonic Knights.
But not only that, but a few decades further, Lithuania also defeated the Golden Horde, one of the four branches of the Mongol Empire, and reached the peak of its military strength, becoming the largest country in Europe.
Poland took a look, planning to achieve marriage with Lithuania, it was easy to wait for the queen to reach the legal age of marriage, so she stirred up the queen to marry Joqueira, and also warmly invited Jogaila to Poland as king, which was really a lady and a soldier, envious of The Emperor Liu at that time.
This year, the king was 40 years old and the queen was 12 years old.
At the same time, inspired by Poland, Lithuania finally accepted Catholicism and became a bulwark in the Western European world against the Tatars, Turkeys and Russia.
By 1569, the two countries had simply merged and called them the Confederation of the Two Nations.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="59" >03 boom and bust</h1>
In the 15th century, lithuania continued to rise, and the capital Vilnius became the center of international trade, when the Grand Duke of Lithuania (equivalent to a monarch) forced any crooked nut passing through Lithuania to cross the border from the capital Vilnius in order to show off his wealth.
At the same time, these foreign friends who come from the south to the north have also brought a deadly creature: syphilis.
As we all know, syphilis is such a thing, almost only sexual transmission, you do not provoke it, it does not provoke you, it can be said to be very low-key.
However, in a short period of time, syphilis, in the capital of Lithuania, evolved into an epidemic that swept through the whole of Vilnius and achieved a miracle in the history of syphilis development.
You think, you think, what kind of prosperity and prosperity should lithuania's entertainment industry be in those years?
Sean Penn "No U-Turn"
It should be said that this is related to the unique cultural environment of Lithuania, society allows women to have lovers in marriage, these lovers also have a graceful name, called coffee partner, uh no, called marital partner, or called marriage assistant.
On the contrary, men must abide by male virtues and abide by their duties, and if they deviate from the norm, they will be scolded by the world.
In addition to the sound of dogs and horses, it must be said that the peasants outside the city, they can not get the dividends of development, their landlords can break into their homes at any time, beat them recklessly, and then take away everything from them.
Amazingly, I have seen such a record in the historical record:
These lithuanian inhabitants, uneducated, sluggish and lazy, were satisfied with the miserable life and were very fond of scolding and beating their masters.
If some of the owners dare to treat them well, they usually choose to flee.
If this is true, it does make one lament the diversity of living things.
In 1610, the Lithuanians captured Moscow, and at the same time played a trick, they crowned the son of the ally Poles as "Tsar".
This is the time for lithuanians to return to the light.
After that, the "Thirty Years' War" broke out in Europe, which is simply to put it, the whole of Europe was divided into two camps because of religious and interest issues, and the two sides fought each other to the death, and Western Europe was almost in ruins.
After the end of the Thirty Years' War, Russia finally rose to prominence, and the Tsar led an army through Lithuania, occupying the capital Vilnius and declaring himself Grand Duke of Lithuania.
You guys can really play.
Since then, Lithuania has completely collapsed, and the armies of various countries have taken turns to sit here, eat, sleep, and fight Lithuania.
A military blow alone was not enough, and when the plague struck in 1710, more than half of the Lithuanian capital died. When the peasants saw that the heavens were dead, they rebelled and launched a riot.
Persimmons had to be picked up softly pinched, fires came to join in, and devastating fires broke out in the Lithuanian capital, and three-quarters of the city was burned down.
After such a 360-degree blow, Lithuania almost retreated to the Stone Age, the original wide streets became unrecognizable sheep gut trails, and people walking like apes, smelling badly.
A German scholar once tried to teach in the Lithuanian capital, but after several tribulations, he finally fled, and he said in horror:
A man may be in Vilnius once in a lifetime, but never twice.
What should come will always come, then the jar will be broken, and the country will be destroyed.
In 1793, Russia and Prussia were divided equally between one and two and five, dividing the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth equally.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="95" >04 Colonial era</h1>
At the time of the fall of Lithuania, a fierce man arose in France, who mastered the mysterious power of the french streets and forged the entire country into a war machine.
He was Napoleon.
Napoleon, not very tall, not small in ambition. The body is fat and the ambition is greater. With his excellent artillery skills, he almost unified Europe, and then in 1812, he launched an army of 670,000 people, planning to expedition to Russia, to drive the Russian barbarians back into the ice and snow and accompany the polar bears.
The army crossed the Neman River and approached Lithuania, and no one resisted, only a patrolling Russian army, he saw a sentry of men and horses on the opposite bank, and he had the courage to go forward and ask:
Who are you?
French.
What are you going to do and why are you coming to Russia?
To wage war against you, to liberate Poland, to occupy Lithuania.
This dialogue can be called black humor, and what Napoleon did not expect was that the plot behind it was more humorous.
Napoleon
If you want to say that the best player in human history to use meteorological weapons, Russia must be the top spot. The Tsar at that time was the famous Alexander I, who, as soon as he saw Napoleon marching straight ahead, avoided his attack and retreated one after another.
As soon as the French army entered the capital of Lithuania, it was lost, and this ghost place was like a mysterious array, trapping the French army to death, and Napoleon could only rely on the sun to distinguish the direction and march hard.
As the saying goes, the roof leaks in the overnight rain, and the boat is late and the head wind is blown.
At night, the bone-chilling rain poured down, and the cold icy rain slapped indiscriminately on the faces of the French soldiers, killing and injuring many people overnight.
The famous writer Stendhal, the author of The Red and the Black, was on a military expedition at the time, and he wrote in his letters:
Although there was no personal sadness, I was about to cry.
After going through hardships, the French army finally arrived in Moscow, and even though the Tsar was firmly clearing the wilderness and setting fire to the city, hey, I won't fight you.
The French screamed with hunger and began to loot everywhere, their bodies covered with all kinds of stolen kitchen utensils, scissors, needles and threads, and water glasses.
Let's put it this way, as soldiers, they lack nothing but weapons, and they are simply a walking grocery store.
Napoleon, seeing how useless he was, planned to return to Lithuania and survive the snowstorm.
Who knows, as soon as the army entered the Lithuanian capital, they were once again lost.
The sky was snowy and windy, the Russian sabers and guns were dazzling, and the French army was trapped in Vilnius, unable to move. Eventually, most of them froze to death, and the corpses piled up like mountains, and the entire Lithuanian capital became an open-air funeral parlor, with the dead lying on their backs, covered with countless gold and silver.
This is a great irony.
Thereafter, the Tsar continued to occupy Lithuania until World War I, when the Tsarist family was uprooted.
The princesses of the last Tsar were born poorly in the imperial family
After the war, Poland was restored to the throne and took charge of the Capital of Lithuania. The Lithuanians said, give me back the capital.
The Poles say, don't make a fuss, we two, who and who? Whoever we talk to is so angry about that.
Just when the Poles were determined to be Lao Lai, a cannon sounded, World War II broke out, Germany and the Soviet Union were like wolves, dividing Poland, and Lithuania was semi-independent as a member of the Soviet Union and became a member of the Soviet Union.
It was not until 1990 that the Soviet Union collapsed and Lithuania became officially independent.
It's just that the bucket turns to the stars, and the iron horse of Jinge, swallowed like a tiger, is now guarding the land of size, and it is invisible to Europe!
—— End ——
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