Tilapia is not a native Chinese fish species, but introduced to China, in the southern waters of our country, has replaced the wheat ears, white stripes, melon crucian carp and other traditional miscellaneous fish, and sunfish, scavengers, and called the new hooligans in the field of freshwater.
To say that it is a hooligan, is not a contempt, strong reproductive power is not to say, the mouth is very mixed, the adaptability is very strong, because tilapia is the introduction of fish species, in the country, in addition to people, almost no natural enemies, although most of the anglers regard tilapia as African crucian carp, in fact, tilapia in the country, there are mainly four species.
The first, the Mozambican mouth-hatched crucian carp
The reason why tilapia is called African crucian carp is precisely because of this tilapia. This tilapia, scientific name is Mozambican mouth carp, is native to Mozambique in Africa.
This fish has a very long history, growing fast, reproducing fast, eating miscellaneous, and extremely adaptable. In 1946, Wu Zhenhui and Guo Qizhang, fishery tycoons in Taiwan Province, after many inspections.
Considering that this fish has very good economic value, it was introduced from Singapore to Taiwan Province, and it is said that a total of 13 fish were introduced at that time, that is, they were raised in their own ornamental ponds, and as a result, more than 1500 fish were bred in less than three months.
Its strong performance shocked the fishery practitioners in Taiwan Province, and then widely farmed in Taiwan, because this fish was introduced by Wu Zhenhui and Guo Qizhang, so taiwanese locals called this fish Wu Guo fish.
After this tilapia raised in Taiwan Province was exported to other Southeast Asian countries, because its appearance was similar to that of real seabream and black seabream, Southeast Asian countries called this fish Taiwan fishing.
In 1974, this fish was introduced to Guangdong by Hong Kong, because its appearance is somewhat similar to crucian carp, so the earliest fishery breeders in China named it African crucian carp, so far, tilapia is first farmed in China.
The second species, Nile tilapia
Nile tilapia is a special species of the African Nile river system, with the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and African countries, this fast-growing, adaptable, oxygen-resistant freshwater fish species, is naturally attracted by China's fishery researchers.
So in 1978, by the Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, from sudan introduced this nile tilapia, after years of single culture, hybridization, this Nile tilapia, a year can grow to more than half a catty.
Subsequently, in 1985, 1992, 1995 and 1998, native fish species were introduced from Egypt and South Sudan for many times, and they were cultured on a large scale in the south of China, which has extremely high economic value.
The third, red tilapia
Strictly speaking, red tilapia should be regarded as a native fish in China, but as far as its roots are concerned, it is a mutant variety after hybridization of Nilofi and Mozambican mouth-hatched crucian carp.
From 1992 to 1998, Fisheries researchers in China specially introduced colorful Nile tilapia and Mozambican tilapia from African countries, cross-bred and bred red tilapia with bright body color.
This color of tilapia, in the field of ornamental fish, known as rainbow seabream, the price is very high, if you have to do a comparison, a red tilapia, the unit price is much more expensive than the largemouth bass, flower perch, of course, this red tilapia meat, compared to Mozambique rofe, Nile rofi, is also more than enough, can only say, expensive nature has a noble reason.
Fourth, Olia Rovy
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and African countries, the scientific exchanges between the two countries have also been relatively frequent, and the Olia rofi originating in Cameroon, Chad, Egypt and Nigeria has naturally been concerned by Chinese fishery researchers.
This tilapia, the size of all tilapia, is the largest, the best cold tolerance, the water temperature is about 10 degrees, orlia tilapia also has a strong desire and activity to feed.
It is also for this advantage of Olia rogyracea that Chinese fishery researchers have been hoping to cultivate this tilapia into a fish species that can be widely cultured in the northern waters of our country.
In April 1981, the Guangzhou Fisheries Research Institute introduced 250 fry from Taiwan Province through Hong Kong, and when the fry were transported to Guangzhou, 242 fish were survived, and 172 were overwintered in November of that year, with an average weight of 125 to 235 grams.
Subsequently, the Wuxi Freshwater Research Institute reintroduced the species of Olya tilapia from the United States in 1984 and from Egypt again in 1999, and the reproduction rate of Chinese hybrid Orea tilapia was very stable.
The south is rainy and windy, and whenever the water rises, farmed tilapia will flee to natural watersheds, because tilapia is an exotic fish species that contains natural enemies in nature.
No matter what kind of tilapia, there is a commonality, that is, strong fertility, strong adaptability, can survive in a low-oxygen environment for a long time, in just a few decades, it has flooded in the southern waters of China.
But then again, it is precisely because of these characteristics of tilapia that southern anglers are also in pain and happy, saying that the pain is because tilapia, as a new generation of freshwater fish hooligans, has made a nest and does not live up to its hooligan name.
It is said to be happy because there is no need to worry about the Air Force to fight turtles. In the north, at least winter fishing and spring fishing are not small miscellaneous fish, but in the south, tilapia is noisy all year round, so it is said that in the face of tilapia, southern anglers are painful and happy.