Manga Shun
West Lake heritage site / Chen Zhihua photo
Construction site of the construction project of the southern scenic spot
The completion ceremony of the eighth batch of ten major projects of the West Lake Comprehensive Protection Project was photographed by reporter Li Zhong
Looking at the West Lake at the South Peak, reporter Li Zhong took a photo
Reporter Ge Lingyan reviewed Ying Changdong
Historical materials provided by Hangzhou West Lake World Cultural Heritage Monitoring and Management Center
"Whoever calls it the river is wide, a reed hangs on it". In ancient China, the "Hang" in Hangzhou and the "navigation" that represented the culture of boating were synonymous. While the culture of boats and boats faded away with the receding tides, civilization took deep roots in the earth. So Hangzhou appeared, appearing in the hometown of this water.
This piece of water is the West Lake.
From the shallow bay to the lake to the inner lake, the water of the West Lake has experienced thousands of years of reincarnation and change, and has not stopped its footsteps because of the years. If it is said that the dredging treatment of the people of previous generations has laid the foundation for the beautiful miracle of the West Lake, then the comprehensive protection project and application for heritage of the West Lake after entering the new century have undoubtedly opened a new chapter in the beauty of the West Lake.
In 2002, the comprehensive protection project of the West Lake was officially launched, and the southeast, south, northwest, and middle of the West Lake was comprehensively protected and rectified, and the West Lake went west, the construction of the southern scenic spot, and the three islands and three in the lake were rectified and restored. A huge and delicate project has made the West Lake a model of long history, profound culture, landscape and beauty.
On June 24, 2011, West Lake took to the world stage.
At 5:55 p.m. Paris time on the same day, with the fall of the mallet in the hands of Davidson Hepburn, Executive Chairman of the 35th World Heritage Committee, the cultural landscape of Hangzhou's West Lake was officially inscribed on the World Heritage List, becoming the 41st World Heritage Site in China.
The long-awaited dream of the Chinese people has finally come true. The West Lake, the west lake that is as clear as jade, the green mountains and green valleys, the willow bank flower banks, the pond pavilion water pavilion, the grass and trees, the smile and the smile have become the treasures of the common care of all mankind.
Red archives
A cross-century application for heritage
The application for the West Lake started very early.
In 1987, the Forbidden City and the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor entered the World Heritage List. Since then, the voice of "West Lake Heritage Application" has gradually become louder.
In 1999, after a long period of brewing, the West Lake heritage application was officially launched.
In 2006, Hangzhou's West Lake was inscribed on the Preliminary List of World Cultural Heritage by the Chinese Government. Subsequently, the timetable for the West Lake heritage application became more compact-
In October 2007, Hangzhou set up a leading group for the application for heritage and set up a heritage application office in the management committee of the West Lake Scenic Area, which is responsible for the specific work of the application for heritage.
At the end of 2007, Hangzhou entrusted the Institute of Architectural History of the China Academy of Architectural Research to undertake the preparation of the West Lake heritage application text and related protection management planning outline.
In August 2008, after a letter from the People's Government of Zhejiang Province, the West Lake was submitted by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage to the Chinese National Commission for UNESCO for approval as an official application project in 2010.
In February 2009, West Lake submitted the text of the application and the outline of the plan to the World Heritage Center.
In February 2010, after revision, West Lake again submitted the text of the application and the outline of the plan to the World Heritage Center for preliminary examination, and the text was approved by the preliminary examination.
In late September 2010, the International Council on Monuments and Sites sent Professor Suo Hyun of Seoul National University in South Korea to Hangzhou to conduct a field assessment of the west lake application project, and then the application team supplemented and rectified the problems raised by the experts after the inspection.
In June 2011, West Lake was officially inscribed on the World Heritage List.
World heritage sites are subdivided into four categories: nature, culture, natural culture, and cultural landscape. The West Lake was finally selected as a World Heritage Site with its cultural landscape, which is also the first project in China to actively apply for the cultural landscape type. The cultural landscape of the West Lake is composed of six major elements: the natural landscape of the West Lake, the spatial characteristics of the city and lake of "three clouds and mountains and one side of the city", the landscape pattern of "two banks and three islands", the inscription landscape of "Ten Views of the West Lake", the cultural historical sites of the West Lake, and the characteristic plants of the West Lake.
The purpose of the West Lake heritage application is to protect the West Lake, benefit future generations, and let the West Lake live for another 2,000 years. The successful application for heritage is not only a milestone event in the development history of the West Lake for more than 2,000 years, but also fills the gap in the lake heritage in the World Heritage, which highlights the "cultural famous lake" as the main value feature, is an important supplement to the type of World Heritage, and has a positive impact on enhancing the status of Chinese culture in the world.
Ten-year comprehensive insurance
Hangzhou thrives on the lake and is famous for the lake. West Lake is the "root" and "soul" of Hangzhou. Protecting the West Lake is to protect the "roots" and "souls" of Hangzhou.
During the application period, the West Lake carried out a ten-year comprehensive protection project, focusing on the goal of "protecting the West Lake and declaring the World Heritage", from the aspects of ecological protection, environmental beautification, cultural continuity, landscape restoration, water quality control, and building improvement, the "southeast, northwest, and middle" of the West Lake was comprehensively protected and rectified.
In 2001, the West Lake Comprehensive Protection Project officially started.
In 2002, all the major parks on the South Line of The West Lake were integrated, and scenic spots such as Leifeng Pagoda and Wansong Academy were reopened, forming a "Ten Mile Lake Landscape Belt" that was in harmony with the scenery of the West Lake and complemented the scenic spots around the lake.
In 2003, the three scenic spots of YanggongDi, Xinhubin and Meijiawu Tea Culture Village were completed and opened, which is also the largest project of the West Lake Comprehensive Protection Project in the past years.
In 2004, the fifteen scenic spots of "First Street, Second Hall, Three Gardens, Four Tombs and Five Scenic Spots" were completed and opened.
In 2005, eight major projects, including the repair of two and three islands, the renovation of Longjing Village, the renovation of Longjing Temple, the construction of some scenic spots in Beishan Street, the construction of the West Lake Museum, the construction of Han Meilin Art Museum, the renovation of the Lingyintou Mountain Gate Archway, and the establishment of the West Lake Research Institute, were completed, and the new pattern of East Heat, South Wangxi, Youbei Yazhongliang was basically formed.
……
Every year since then, the comprehensive protection of the West Lake has been deepening. Through the comprehensive protection project, the whole line along the West Lake can be fully penetrated, and the scenic spots and museums in the Lake Park are all opened free of charge; the water in the West Lake is "changed every month", the water quality is stable and maintains the standard of the three types of water bodies, the water quality in some areas reaches the standard of the second type of water body, the stability of the water ecosystem and the biodiversity are significantly improved, and the total area of submerged vegetation in the whole lake is 317,000 square meters, known as the "underwater forest" of the West Lake; the public green space in the scenic spot has been added by more than 1 million square meters, and more than 180 natural and cultural landscapes have been protected and repaired. Restoration and reconstruction... The spatial pattern of the city and lake of three clouds and mountains on one side has been protected, and the panorama of the West Lake of one lake, two towers, three islands and three has returned to the human world, and the West Lake has become more ecological, more close to the people, more cultural and more quality.
History proves that this is a "people's heart project" that returns the lake to the people, an "ecological project" that protects the environment, a "cultural context project" that inherits history, and a "competitiveness project" that enhances the city's taste.
Red Quest
Me and my WestLake
The morning light is faint, and the anger of April is slightly opened in the gentle breeze. People who walked, ran, and rode came, as if to grasp happiness, they came to seize the spring of the West Lake.
Every season of West Lake is worth grabbing. The lake willows in spring, the wind and lotus in summer, the cinnamon in autumn, the broken bridges in winter... All of them confirm Su Dongpo's timeless singing - "If you want to compare the West Lake to the West Lake, it is always appropriate to wear light makeup and thick makeup."
The background color of the four seasons of blue rain is covered with the thousands of thoughts of the West Lake, and this thought also belongs to every West Lake person.
Zhang Jianting is the person in charge and participant of the West Lake Comprehensive Protection Project. Looking back at the bits and pieces of protection and construction in those years, he had mixed feelings.
The South Line of West Lake is the first project to be launched in the comprehensive insurance project. At the end of 2001, the municipal party committee and the municipal government made a decision, started construction in March 2002, completed at the end of September, and opened the southern scenic spot as scheduled on October 1. Behind the "applause of experts and the applause of the people" is the speed and passion of countless engineers wearing stars and wearing the moon.
"In order to facilitate project management, a large number of project managers slept directly on the construction site, advancing nervously from morning to night, with almost no rest days." Zhang Jianting said that not only to fight for speed, quality and safety, but also to facilitate the service facilities of citizens and tourists, enrich the cultural connotation and enhance the aesthetic effect of the landscape, the engineering department has also made sufficient efforts and thoughts.
This is the case with the "Double Throw Bridge" on the South West Lake Line. This floating "net red bridge" with unique lines and tourists' must-visit was once jokingly called "a bridge conceived in the water" by Zhang Jianting and his colleagues.
"At that time, the proposed water pedestrian bridge was located in a small position, the relationship was complex and sensitive, and the positioning, volume, shape, line type, color, and material of the bridge must be carefully checked." In order to solve the positioning and linearity of the water, Zhang Jianting and his colleagues went to the scene many times and even went down to the lake, carefully observing and constantly deliberating on the location of the bridge, the flow direction of the line and the volume. The construction plan is that they soaked in the water for three or four hours and repeatedly selected the final decision.
"If I had not participated in the West Lake Comprehensive Protection Project and the West Lake Heritage Application, I am afraid that I would be like many people, only a shallow understanding of the West Lake, marvel at its beauty and elegant temperament, and it is difficult to deeply appreciate the inner meaning of the West Lake as the spiritual home and paradise on earth that has been Chinese for thousands of years." Zhuo Jun, who has worked on the cultural heritage protection front for more than 30 years, has always regarded the comprehensive protection of the West Lake and the application for heritage as the most memorable experience in his life.
"The comprehensive protection of the West Lake in this decade is also the golden age of the development of Hangzhou's museum industry. The new construction of a large number of thematic museum memorial halls such as the West Lake Museum, the Gai Mingtian Former Residence Memorial Hall, and the Han Meilin Art Museum, and the renovation and expansion of old museums such as the China Tea Museum and the Southern Song Dynasty Guanyao Museum have become an important window to display the elements of the cultural landscape of the West Lake. In the West Lake comprehensive protection project, Zhuo Jun is mainly responsible for the excavation and exhibition planning of the cultural connotation of the scenic spot, the plaque of the Yang Lian, and the navigation logo. At that time, it was required to build the first lake thematic museum in China with a construction area of more than 10,000 square meters in more than a year - the West Lake Museum. There was not a single exhibit at hand, only a few temporary staff, and during that time, tension and anxiety had been pressing on Zhuo Jun's heart.
"From organizing the preparation of the exhibition outline, determining the plan, designing and constructing to the all-round collection of cultural relics exhibits and related materials, all efforts have been made to check layer by layer." In the last few days before the opening of the museum, all the on-site construction and exhibition personnel such as masons, plumbers, painters, carpenters, and equipment installers were blind for three days and three nights to ensure that the museum was opened to the public as scheduled.
This year is the 10th anniversary of the successful application for the West Lake cultural landscape heritage, Zhang Jianting, Zhuo Jun and other managers, builders and technicians involved in the West Lake comprehensive protection project, recalled the story of that year, and sorted out and edited the practical case of the West Lake comprehensive protection project "My West Lake" to explore the sustainable development path of the West Lake, so that more cities and scenic spots can learn from the protection of cities and scenic spots, ecological construction, and the sustainable use of historical and cultural resources.
"As long as every generation of West lake people write their own page, it will not be a dream for west lake to live for another 2,000 years." Zhang Jianting said.
The future is being written
West Lake writes a poem about the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.
Comrade Xi Jinping once pointed out during his work in Zhejiang that "the soul of Hangzhou lies in the famous historical and cultural city, and the 'lifeline' and essence of Hangzhou are the West Lake."
On March 31, 2020, Comrade Xi Jinping went to Xixi Wetland for investigation and investigation, emphasizing the need to protect the West Lake and Xixi Wetland as a clear guide for Hangzhou's urban development and governance, coordinate the layout of the three major spaces of production, life and ecology, and require Hangzhou to create more experience in building a livable city where people and nature live in harmony and coexist and prosper.
Sincere advice, words are still in the ears.
On June 24, 2020, the 9th anniversary of the successful application of the West Lake, the awarding ceremony of "West Lake and Xixi Integrated Protection and Management" was held, and the West Lake and Xixi were combined to achieve integrated management. This day also became the first "Hangzhou West Lake Day".
West Lake Xixi, these two complementary and shining pearls, are working together to move towards a new era of "double West combination, wonderful butterfly change".
"The protection and development of the West Lake must pay attention to two points, one is to protect the West Lake culture: the West Lake culture is the 'West Lake flavor', losing the 'West Lake taste', the West Lake will lose its inheritance, it will change." The second is to put the people first: the protection and development that cannot let the people get real benefits cannot be sustained. Deng Jinsong, director of the research department of the Party History and Literature Research Office of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, said.
"After the successful application for heritage, the first action of the West Lake was not to hold a tourism development conference, but to hang the sign of the West Lake World Cultural Heritage Monitoring Center, which shows the determination to continue to protect and develop the West Lake in the future." Not long ago, the program group of "Ten Thousand Miles Of Walking Alone - China in heritage" came to the West Lake, and Shan Jixiang, the former "gatekeeper" of the Forbidden City, said: "The West Lake is a painting painted by nature and humanities, and a poem that flows in time. When we treat Jing as an object with subjectivity and communicate on an equal footing, we can talk to history, empathize with culture, and hear the echo of our own hearts in such a 'interaction'. ”
West Lake, the prosperous West Lake that weaves the ancient and modern context, originates from history, walks in the contemporary, leads to the future, the echoes in this thousand years of time and space, do you hear it?
Source: Hangzhou Daily