Hualong 1 has reached a critical state, what is a critical state? In this process, neutrons will be used to bombard the nuclei of materials such as U235, resulting in the division of atomic nuclei into two new nuclei, but according to Einstein's mass-energy equation, there will be mass loss in this process, thereby releasing energy, but at the same time releasing new neutrons, by controlling these neutrons to continue to attack the nucleus, and so on, to ensure the sustainability of this fission reaction.
In this process, if too many neutrons are produced, the reactor becomes unstable or even explodes. At the time of design, the reactor has taken a variety of measures to prevent this from happening, and if the number of neutrons is too small, the fission reaction will terminate and stop working, so reaching a critical state is just at a balanced level, or normal operation.
China is a big country with electricity consumption and an industrial country, with a population of more than 1.3 billion people, each person uses one kilowatt hour of electricity per day, and the consumption is very large. This is a huge challenge for our power generation project, after entering the 21st century, with the construction of China's hydropower and thermal power stations, as well as the establishment of the network of "West-to-East Power Transmission" and "Overvoltage Transmission Project", China's problems in electricity consumption have been basically improved. But with that comes the growing environmental problems.
According to incomplete statistics, there are about 3,000 large and small thermal power stations in China, and the fuel of China's thermal power plants is mainly coal. Coal combustion will emit SO2 and NO2, these gases floating in the air not only create smog, but also react with the substances in the air to form "acid rain", causing serious damage to the environment and the human body, under the environmental protection of green water and green mountains, nuclear power plants will slowly replace thermal power stations in the future and become the main way to produce electric energy.
According to the news of the 2020 China Nuclear Power Industry Chain Summit Forum:
At present, China has 48 nuclear power units in operation, with a total installed capacity of 49.88 million kilowatts, and 14 nuclear power units under construction, with a total installed capacity of 15.53 million kilowatts. It has achieved a technological leap from "second generation" to "third generation". China's Shandong is also developing into a strong nuclear power province, through advanced and mature nuclear power technology, to promote the development and construction of nuclear power bases such as Haiyang, Rongcheng, etc., and accelerate the cultivation of a nuclear power development industry chain integrating project construction, operation and maintenance, and nuclear material research and development. According to the data, as of the end of September this year, the two units of the first phase of the Yantai Haiyang Nuclear Power Project have generated a total of 32.8 billion kWh. At the same time, Haiyang Nuclear Power has also created a precedent for domestic nuclear energy commercial heating, and can also carry out seawater desalination practice. China has become a major nuclear power in the world and ushered in diversified development.
Compared with traditional energy, nuclear power is the most stable and best source of energy, large power generation, small pollution, many people look at the white gas of the large chimney of nuclear power plants, will think that it is the pollution of emissions, in fact, it is not, these are just water vapor. So does water vapor produce pollution? Let's first briefly understand the basic principles of nuclear power plants, similar to our thermal power generation, nuclear power generation is also generated by heating water to produce steam, and then through the steam to drive the steam turbine to bring to the generator operation.
In general, there will be two water circulation systems in the nuclear power generation system, the two systems are isolated from each other, and after the internal steam generator pushes the steam turbine to work, it will be cooled by another circulating cooling system, so that the internal vapor is recooled into water flow back to recycle, and the white gas from the chimney is produced by the isolated external cooling system, so there is no pollution and radiation.
In the safety level, to China's "Hualong No. 1" reactor as an example, it can completely withstand the impact of three consecutive Boeing 747s without damage, and there is also an emergency stop reaction device inside, which has learned the lessons of Japan, which can be cooled by gravity water tanks without electricity, and the outer containment is directly melted down and will not explode. Combined with the current robot and 5G technology, it can complete the automatic duty, so that it can ensure foolproof operation.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > summary</h1>
According to statistics, in 2016, China's nuclear power accounted for only 2%, while France has exceeded 70%, the United States' nuclear power accounted for about 20%, Japan's about 30%, in order to promote the development of nuclear power technology, so China is constantly building nuclear power plants. I remember in the early 90s, when the electricity bill needed about 1 yuan and 1 kWh of electricity, the electricity in the countryside was still supported by iron wire and wooden stakes, and every time the electricity was used, it was very economical, and the basic people went out of the lights. At that time, electricity was very precious and scarce, and with the development of the country for decades, prices rose, house prices also rose, and the only thing that did not rise was our electricity bill. This shows that China is getting better and better at building the basic people's livelihood.
Want to know how much is the gap between China's nuclear power technology and Europe and the United States? In the face of terrible nuclear radiation, why should China devote itself to the research and development of nuclear power? Are nuclear power plants really the most ideal new energy source? On the watermelon video, search for "China's nuclear power technology", watermelon video creator "Dr. Trinity" video: China is the first nuclear power unit under construction in the world, are not worried about nuclear pollution? The bitterness cannot be avoided! Take you to an in-depth discussion of what changes nuclear power has brought to our country, what level our country has reached in the field of nuclear power, and how to deal with nuclear waste in our country. Watch watermelon videos and increase knowledge!