Tang poems and examination | fifteen: grape wine luminous cup, reflecting another kind of death as a homecoming

"Grape wine luminous glass, want to drink pipa immediately urge." Drunkenly lying on the battlefield Jun Mo smiled, and Gu Lai conquered several people back. The poet Wang Han's "Liangzhou Words" (I) is a well-known and reader-liked Tang poem, almost to the point where everyone can export it. Good poems do not have to be many, one foot circulating. Wang Han's poems have not been passed down much, but this one alone is enough to make him occupy a place in the poetry circle of the Tang Dynasty. Some people even regard Wang Han's "Liangzhou Words" as the "pressed scroll" of the Seven Absolute Tang Poems.

For Wang Han's "Liangzhou Words", many people believe that in addition to his heroic and sad temperament, this poem also reflects his anti-war weariness. The author believes that instead of seeing the two poems "Drunkenly lying on the battlefield and smiling, and a few people returning from the ancient conquest" as an outpouring of the poet's anti-war-weary sentiment, it is better to regard it as Wang Han's understanding, sympathy and compassion for the soldiers who fought for the country. If interpreted in this way, the heroism in the poem is a kind of broad heroism. The sadness in the poem is a kind of affectionate sadness. Such heroism and sadness, more depth and thickness, more breathtaking force

measure.

"It is shallow to read as a sad language, and it is wonderful to read it as a humorous language", and some poetry critics in later generations commented on the two poems "Drunken lying on the battlefield Jun Mo smiled, and gulai conquered several people back" two poems. That is to say, the heroism and tragedy expressed in these two poems are not the kind of heroic tragedy that is serious, but the heroic tragedy contained in humor and humor, so it is more elegant and free. The character who said these words in the poem is more vivid and close and lovely in the eyes of the reader.

The angle from which this "Liangzhou Word" is written is a soldier who defends the country, not himself. The soldier, while drinking and drunk, said to the poet, Sir, don't laugh at us, we are fighting for the country, I don't know which day it will be gone. Now with the company of wine friends, it is inevitable to indulge in a gaffe, please forgive me a lot! In the danger of not knowing which of tomorrow and death will come first, can you still face it calmly with such a humorous attitude, and can't you read a different kind of death as a homecoming?

Wang Han (王汉), a member of the People clan of Naihe Prefecture (present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi), was a jinshi in the first year of Jingyun (710). Wang Han was born into a wealthy family with rich family assets, "famous horses, and a family with tricks" Although he was dressed in fine clothes and food, Wang Han had great ambitions since childhood, "spoke with intentions, compared himself to the prince", and studied very hard. Wang Han, who was famous for his fame, was appreciated by the famous ministers Zhang Shu and Zhang Jiazhen at that time when he was young, and thus met many poets and literary friends, such as Zhang Jiuling, He Zhizhang and others. Wang Han was able to join the army because of Zhang's recommendation.

After entering the army and the first, Wang Han took two more examinations. Wang Han, who has three imperial examination degrees, is also an examination master, which shows the breadth of his knowledge and the depth of his education. After entering the official field, Wang Han served as the secretary of the zhengzi, the driver of the foreign lang, the governor of Ruzhou Shi, the xianzhou driver and other official positions. The Ministry of Driving is the agency responsible for the transportation of military supplies. Wang Han's masterpiece "Liangzhou Words" (two songs) was composed when he accompanied the army to the northwest front during his tenure in the driving department. Changshi and Beiqi and Sima were all subordinate officials of each state, roughly equivalent to the deputy of a state. And don't drive, ranked before Changshi and Sima .

After Zhang said that he was in the picture, Wang Han was also implicated. Later, he was demoted from Xianzhou to Sima of Daozhou. According to the speculation of relevant historians, Wang Han died of an unfortunate illness on the way to RenDaozhou, when he was not yet forty years old. Like Wang Bo, Wang Han's untimely death is a pity. Otherwise, he is in the prime of his creative years, and may leave more excellent poems for the world.

Wang Han is talented, proud and righteous, likes to call friends and introduce classes, and has an excellent reputation in the circle of friends. "Li Yong asked for face, and Wang Han wished to be a neighbor", the poet Saint Du Fu once praised Wang Han in his poems. It means that a celebrity like Li Yong, meeting him is the greatest honor. And Wang Han, a talented and righteous person, everyone wants to be a neighbor with him.

At that time, there was an official named Du Hua, and his mother, Mrs. Cui, once said to him: "It is very important to live at home and find a good neighbor." In ancient times, there was a story of MengMu's three moves, and now I also want to buy a house and move. The only criterion for me to choose a house is to find you a good neighbor like Wang Han, who is learned and bold. ”

Wang Han is a proud man, although he is very interesting to like-minded friends, but he is dismissive of some high-ranking officials who are vegetarian and do not learn any skills, "pointing to the same kind, people are jealous." In other words, Wang Han, who is very popular in the circle of friends, is not very popular in the official circle. The reason why Wang Han has a lot of careers, in addition to being implicated by Zhang Shu, is also related to his maverick personality, and the so-called Tao is different and does not conspire.

Wang Han, who has a free and uninhibited personality and is frank and bold, although it is not suitable for mixing in the official field, it helps him to become a good poet, thus leaving some immortal poems with unrestrained emotions and brilliance for the world, which is enough. After all, like Zhang Jiuling, there are very few people who have achieved the ultimate in serving as an official, being a person, and writing poetry, and they can meet but cannot be sought.

"The flowers and birds in Qinzhong have been extinguished, and the wind and sand outside the plug are still cold. Listen to Hu Di folding willows at night, and teach people to remember Chang'an. This is another of Wang Han's "Liangzhou Words", although it is not as famous as the previous one, but it is also an excellent work. The theme of this poem is to reflect the homesickness of the shubian soldiers. In the hometown of late spring, the flowers have fallen, the fruits have begun to bear fruit, the branches and leaves are lush in the forest, and the warblers and swallows are spoken. The desert outside the Cyprus is still cold and windy, and the yellow sand is full of sky. At night, the shubian soldiers who tossed and turned, and the tune "Folding Willow" played by Hu Di in the wind, while evoking the deep long-lost feelings of homesickness, the bottom of their hearts also suddenly gave birth to a little pride and added a few more ambitions.

Homesickness is something that everyone has, not to mention people who are far away from their hometown and have been on the border for a long time. Ruthlessness may not be really heroic, missing relatives in the hometown is not necessarily war-weary and afraid of war. Wang Han's "Liangzhou Words", although the rhyme is somewhat vicissitudes and sadness, is not depressed and depressed. What it wants to express is the feelings of the strong men on the side of the side, and the voice of the chivalrous tenderness.

Not only are the poems excellent, but Wang Han's articles are also famous. One year, Zhang Shu and Xu Jian, two literary leaders of the Tang Dynasty, conducted a famous dialogue in literary history and the style of Huashan's sword-style article evaluation. Xu Jian asked Zhang: "Looking at the current rising stars in the literary world, whose article is the best?" Zhang said that after evaluating the articles of Han Xiu, Xu Jingxian, and Zhang Jiuling, he also commented on Wang Han: "Wang Han's articles are like gorgeous and magnificent jade, but they lack carving and have some flaws. If you go to its shortcomings and give full play to its strengths, it is also a leader! ”

Unfortunately, most of Wang Han's articles have been lost, and posterity will not be able to see their true appearance.

Tani ogi

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