The History of the Don Saier Uprising: How did the Don Saier Uprising happen?

In the eighteenth year of Yongle (1420), on the tenth day of February, a letter was transmitted from Yizhou Wei to the Yongle Emperor: "Juzhou thief Dong Yangao and others gathered more than 2,000 people, under the banner of red and white flags, and plundered and killed, and Sun Gong of a thousand households in Juzhou went to recruit and kill their followers, and the situation was very rampant." "This is the Don Sair Uprising.

In fact, in the months before Yizhou Wei shangshang, Tang Sai'er's congregation had already revolted.

Tang Sai'er's subordinates Dong Yangao, Liu Jun, Bin Hong, and others led more than 2,000 people to occupy the Yidu Stone Shed Village, with the red and white flag as the trumpet, and the momentum was growing. In the seventeenth year of Yongle (1419), Qingzhou Wei commanded Gao Feng to lead troops to encircle and suppress the shi shed village. Taking advantage of the favorable terrain of the Yidu Mountains, Tang Sai'er set up an ambush to lure the enemy deeper and introduced officers and soldiers into the Hulu Valley. In the narrow valley, Tang Sai'er led an ambush into the enemy position, defeated the officers and soldiers, and Gao Feng was also killed.

The government, who had suffered a loss, then sent Sun Gong of The Thousand Households of Juzhou to solicit care. The rebels rejected Sun Gong and killed the officers and men who accompanied them. It's just that these things have been concealed and not reported by local officials, and they have adopted the strategy of suppressing if they can suppress them, and they can be appeased, but in the end, "the three divisions are imprisoned without fleas."

When such a major event occurred in the local area, the Yongle Emperor was shocked, and Shandong was the main road of Caoyun and the basis for supplying the Beijing Division. The Yongle Emperor then ordered Marquis Liu of Anyuan to be promoted to the rank of commander-in-chief, and liu Zhong was made deputy commander-in-chief, and 5,000 elite men and horses of the Beijing Division were selected to suppress it. Before leaving, the Yongle Emperor instructed him in person: "The thief has no water and lacks food, so when he sits in distress, do not try to attack closely." ”

The rebel army organized by Tang Sai'er, called the "White Lotus Army", gathered thousands of people. Because Putai County is located in the plain, there is no danger of high mountains and dense forests, Tang Sai'er found in Qingzhou, in the territory of Yidu County, more than 200 miles south of Putai County (now the junction of Yangji and Zhuya townships), there is an ancient stone unloading shed village, the peak height is 700 to 800 meters, the four sides are cliffs, easy to defend and difficult to attack, and it is also in the center of Zhucheng, Anqiu, Juzhou, Shouguang and other places, so Tang Sai'er chose the unloading stone shed village as the site of the uprising, and the official uprising on February 11, 1420, the eighteenth year of Yongle (1420).

After the Tang Sai'er uprising, the Ming government urgently ordered Qingzhou Weidu to command Gao Feng to surround the shishi shed village in an attempt to eliminate the rebel army. As soon as the Ming army reached the end of the shishi shed village, Tang Sai'er suddenly launched an attack at night, killing Gao Feng and others on the spot, and annihilating all the Ming troops in a state of chaos.

The initial battle was successful, and the Tang Sai'er rebel army was greatly enhanced. She used the unloading stone shed village as a base, and soon occupied the county towns of Juzhou and Jimo, attacking the government and rich landlords. People in various places east of Qingzhou responded to the uprising, "destroying the officials and burning the warehouses", opening warehouses to help the poor, and the team quickly grew to more than 20,000 people, which shook the Beijing Division. The masses in various places east of Qingzhou responded one after another, and more than a dozen rebel armies appeared in Yidu, Zhucheng, Anqiu, Juzhou, Jiaozhou and other prefectures and counties. Among them, the larger ones are the two teams of Bin Hong and Dong Yangao. In this way, the peasant uprising centered on the unloading shed village was vigorously launched.

After Tang Sai'er won the initial battle, he used the unloading stone shed as a base to continuously attack the official officials, bullies, and landlords in the nearby state capital. Wherever Tang Sai'er went, the officials fled for their lives, and other rebel armies responded. According to local records, Shouguang, Anqiu, Jiaozhou and other places all had activities to combat the Ming army, such as "destroying officials and burning warehouses", and one after another urgent documents flew to the Beijing Division. In order to control the situation, the Yongle Emperor sent a minister to the unloading stone shed to recruit security, and Tang Sai'er angrily beheaded the envoy.

When the recruitment was unsuccessful, the Yongle Emperor sent Liu Zhong, the commander-in-chief of the "Jingying" and Marquis Liu Sheng of Anyuan, to command Liu Zhong to lead 5,000 elite troops to suppress it.

In the face of the rebel army led by Tang Sai'er, Liu Sheng believed that "the little thief will be pacified in a few days." On February 28, after Liu Sheng and Liu Zhongbing arrived in Yidu, they once again besieged the shishi shed village.

Taking advantage of the weakness of the enemy's arrogance and lightness, Tang Sai'er falsely surrendered on the grounds that "the village was full of food and there was no water", and transferred Liu Sheng's main force to the place where there was water in the east of the alert city, but he concentrated his forces and launched a surprise attack on the enemy battalion with weak defenses. At the end of the night, he attacked the enemy camp and killed Liu Zhong, the commander of the capital. When the enemy's main force arrived, Tang Sai'er had commanded the rebel army to move calmly.

At the same time, other rebel armies also fought against the Ming army, with the most fierce fighting in Anqiu City. At that time, more than 10,000 rebels from Anqiu, Juzhou, and Jimo besieged Anqiu City, and when they were about to capture it, Wei Qing, who was in charge of defending against Wukou on the shandong coast, commanded Wei Qing to lead his troops to arrive, causing the rebel army to suffer from the enemy in the belly and back, and finally failed. The local leader Zhao Huan was captured for righteousness, the rebels killed and wounded more than 2,000 people, more than 4,000 captured, all were killed by the Ming army, and his wife and children were confiscated as slaves by the government. In less than a month, the Tang Sai'er uprising was suppressed.