In the history of the Qing Dynasty, there are countless anecdotes of various celebrities, who not only enriched historical life, but also had profound guiding significance for us modern people. For example, there was a governor directly subordinate to the Qianlong Dynasty in the Qianlong Dynasty, and the Qianlong Emperor issued orders thirteen times, but he refused to carry them out, and just when Qianlong wanted to punish him, he found that he was indeed not an ordinary person... Who is he? Why did he dare to resist the will thirteen times? If you are also curious, the following Xiaobian will reveal the secret to you.
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In feudal society, the emperor was a person who stood at the peak of power, and the words he said were called "holy words", and the orders he passed on were called "holy wills", and the Manchu Dynasty wenwu and the people of the world dared not obey. For example, Yue Fei, the hero of the Southern Song Dynasty, and Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty issued twelve gold medal edicts in a row, and he had to return to the dynasty, even in the face of excellent fighters, he had to give up. There are many similar examples in history, just as the so-called "king let the subject die, the subject has to die", but there is one exception.
During the Qianlong period, the Qianlong Emperor was of course also "under no one, above ten thousand people", but he also met the "stubborn donkey" - Fang Guancheng, which can also be regarded as a "Waterloo" in the life of the Qianlong Emperor. According to the "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty", the Qianlong Emperor once issued a holy decree to let Fang Guancheng execute the traitor, but he did not take the Qianlong Emperor's holy will seriously, and rejected the Qianlong Emperor's thirteen holy wills in total, that is, thirteen times to resist the will and disrespect, and replaced the heads of others with thirteen moves.
Seeing this, you may also wonder, who is Fang Guancheng? He dared to resist thirteen times, did he really eat the bear's heart and leopard bile? Because Fang Guancheng's life experience was not ordinary, it was precisely for this reason that the Qianlong Emperor did not punish him later, but gave him a lot of praise.
In fact, Fang Guancheng's birth was not good, and it can even be described as tragic. According to historical records, Fang Guancheng was a native of Tongcheng, Anhui Province, and was also a large family in the local area, and his father was an official of the Kangxi Dynasty and served as the secretary of the cabinet. In 1711 AD, the famous literary prison "Nanshan Ji Case" in the history of the Qing Dynasty broke out, and for a time hundreds of officials in the imperial court were trembling, and according to statistics, as many as 100 officials were involved, including Fang Guancheng's father, Lu Ji, and his grandfather Fang Dengfeng.
As a result, the Fang family suddenly declined, and Fang Guancheng's father and grandfather were also exiled to Ningguta, which is today the ancient city village of Hailin City, Heilongjiang, which was a "hell on earth" in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, Fang Guancheng was still young, so he was exempted from exile, but his life was also extremely difficult, and if he did not rely on the relief of the local temple monks, he might not have survived. Fang Guancheng has been tormented by suffering since he was a child, but this has also sharpened his perseverance and character.
When Fang Guancheng grew up, he had to hike back and forth to Ninguta every year to visit his father and grandfather, and along the way he also walked and thought about civil society issues and areas for improvement. Later, Fang Guancheng went to the capital to make a living, and at first he made a living by writing for people, because his calligraphy was well written by Fu Peng, the king of Pingjun, so he followed the king of Pingjun on the expedition to Dzungar, and after his triumphant return, he was valued by the Yongzheng Emperor.
Since then, Fang Guancheng has officially entered the career path, perhaps because of family genetics, Fang Guancheng has had a smooth ride in the official field, and in the second year of Qianlong, he entered the Military Aircraft Department as a military aircraft Zhang Jing, which is considered to have entered the core of the Qing Dynasty Emperor's power group. Later, Fang Guancheng was transferred to the local government, and rose from inspector to viceroy, equivalent to the current governor. That is, during Fang Guan's tenure as governor of Zhili, he and the Qianlong Emperor had conflicts.
In the twenty-eighth year of Qianlong (1763 AD), a Rebellion of the White Lotus Sect occurred in Cizhou under Fang Guancheng, and although the rebellion was quickly put down, the disturbance was not small, and even the Qianlong Emperor, who was far away in the capital, was angry. Later, Fang Guancheng punished ten traitors, three of whom were sentenced to be beheading and seven were sentenced to hanging, but the Qianlong Emperor believed that Fang Guancheng's punishment was not strong enough, and he had to kill some more people to have a deterrent, but Fang Guancheng did not punish one more person, even if the Qianlong Emperor later issued 13 orders to supervise, Fang Guancheng also resisted, making the Qianlong Emperor very faceless.
Just when the Qianlong Emperor wanted to punish Fang Guancheng, he heard other ministers talk about Fang Guancheng's experience and the story of his later sinner. So the Qianlong Emperor thought about it carefully, and he found that Fang Guancheng's judgment case completely followed the "Laws of the Great Qing Dynasty", and there was neither killing nor indulgence. Therefore, if he killed people casually, it would completely violate the provisions of the law, so the Qianlong Emperor thought calmly and felt that Fang Guancheng had done the right thing, and in the end he did not punish him again.
Fang Guancheng enforced the law impartially, because he was well aware of the harm caused by an unjust case to people, not only destroying a family, but even destroying a person's children and grandchildren, so Fang Guancheng did not trample on the law even if he resisted. In this regard, we should also learn from him and adhere to a bottom line at all times.
Resources:
Draft History of the Qing Dynasty by Zhao Erxun, Publisher: Zhonghua Bookstore
Wenlan Hairun Studio Editor-in-Chief Wen Xiucai, this article is written by: Special History Writer: Liu Lijiang's