In April 1127, the Northern Song Dynasty Hui and Qin Erzong were captured, and in May of the same year, Zhao was proclaimed emperor, and the Southern Song Dynasty was established. From the founding of the Southern Song Dynasty to 1279, when Lu Xiufu was the 8-year-old zhao fu, the emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, jumped into the sea at Yashan Mountain (present-day Xinhui Yamen) in Guangdong, and experienced a total of nine emperors. This article introduces the best characteristics of each emperor in order. This article is about the third place.
The third: Song Guangzong Zhao Huan - the most misunderstood emperor by posterity.
Zhao Huan (1147-1200), the third son of Emperor Xiaozong of Song, was in 1189 emperor Xiaozong of Song at Zhao, and Emperor Xiaozong of Song became Emperor Taishang. In 1194, under the planning of Empress Dowager Wu and his ministers, Emperor Guangzong's son Zhao Kuo ascended the throne, and Emperor Guangzong became Emperor Taishang. Most believe that Guangzong's downfall was due to the fact that Guangzong was controlled by Empress Li Fengniang, who did not filial piety to his parents and elders, and even did not attend his father's funeral. Most people's evaluation of Song Guangzong is that he is afraid of his wife and is not filial piety.
Portrait of Song Guangzong
The author believes that such an evaluation is a distortion of history, and judging from the records of the "History of Song", Guangzong was very filial at the beginning, and his disobedience was after a conflict with Xiaozong in the appointment and dismissal of personnel. Moreover, Emperor Guangzong was very diligent and an accomplished emperor. His downfall was the result of a power struggle. It is precisely because he obediently handed over the power that he shows his filial piety to his parents and elders. He did not cause turmoil in the Southern Song Dynasty for his own selfish interests, did not bring bloodshed to the people, but sacrificed himself in exchange for the security of the country, and this character is noble. We can see from Zhao Huan's life deeds that he was a positive and promising emperor.
As Emperor Xiaozong's third son, and his eldest brother Zhao Yu died in 1167, Emperor Xiaozong chose his second son Zhao Kai but his third son as his heir, because Emperor Xiaozong felt that Zhao Huan was "heroic and martial". In February 1172, Zhao Huan was made crown prince, and his brother Zhao Kai was made the Prince of Wei.
When Zhao Huan was serving King Gong, he talked with the speaker about historical events, and the lecturer thought that his knowledge was not as good as king Gong. After becoming crown prince, Zhao Huan served as the governor of Lin'an Province, concentrated on civil affairs, and could distinguish the truth and falsity of things, and others could not deceive him, and was praised by Emperor Xiaozong. In the second month of the lunar calendar in 1189, Xiaozong Zen was located in him, and after he succeeded to the throne, he was diligent in government affairs, strict in the rule of officials, and light on thin endowments, and was a standard good emperor.
During the five years of Emperor Guangzong's reign, he reduced taxes several times. In the year he ascended the throne, he carried out ten times. In February 1189, the people before 1187 were exempted from taxes and servitude owed by the people. In April, Sichuan's three-year "economic total system money" was left to the local government to offset the "salt wine heavy amount". The tax revenue of the two Zhejiang "reward wine depots" was attributed to the states, and it was reduced from 650,000 to 300,000. In May, the people of the county were exempted from "private liability" before 1187 and "those who lost interest and their own money" after 1188, and the fifth-class households in the county were exempted from "body money" and the fifth-class households in Lin'an "and silk" for one year each, and 230,000 taels were donated to help the poor people in Lin'an. In August, the annual tax revenue of two Zhejiang "monthly piles" and other taxes was reduced by 255,000 taels. In September, Shaoxing's annual tax on "buying silk" was reduced by 44,000 horses. In October, the "Chang Square Meter" of more than 14,000 stones was shouldered by the military and civilians of Chuzhou, Gaoyou, and Xuyi. In November, the tax amount of "monthly pile money" in Jiangsu and Zhejiang was reduced by more than 165,000 taels. In the first month of 1190, the people of Lin'an Province were exempted from "body money" for three years. In June, the income of "upper offerings" and other income was used to offset the number of "personal money" exempted in Guangzhou. In November, Tongchuan's transshipment judge Wang Yu saved the cost of transportation, and "heavy money" of 160,000 taels on behalf of the well-transporters was rewarded. In December, the edict reduced the income from the annual "official salt sales" in Guangdong. In the first month of 1191, he ordered the two Huai to carry out the Righteous Warehouse Law to help the people survive the disaster year. In February, 50,000 stones of rice were sent to help the poor people in the capital. In October, he ordered the local guards not to collect from the "sick" and appease the flooded state army in Sichuan.
In the first month of 1192, the "shangsu rice" of Wuxiu Prefecture was 44,000 stones, and the annual amount of "salt and wine" in Sichuan was reduced by 900,000 taels, and the transporter of The Chuzhou Road was ordered to find a way to buy some rice in "CaoJi" to prepare for the fierce famine, exempting the people of Wenzhou from miscellaneous service. In March, five tax farms in Yazhou were removed and Guangdong was exempted from increasing revenue from "salt pound money". In April, relief was given to the drought-stricken counties and counties of Sichuan, and the people of Lin'an were exempted from the taxes of Shao Xi's first and second years of flight. In May, the rent of sichuan's flood- and drought-stricken counties was waived. In August, the eastern and western rivers were exempted from the "deformed zero silk" money of 470,000 taels and the "exciting reward silk" of 66,000 horses, taking the year as an example. In November, to help the flood-stricken poor people in Xiangyang Province, the "old minted money" in Puzhou was reduced by 200,000 taels, and the monthly piles in the counties of HunanBei, Jingxi, and Jiangxi counties were exempted from more than 230,000 taels of money every year. In December, it was stipulated that reformers would be exempted from three years of military service. In the first month of 1193, the people of Lin'an Province were exempted from paying money for three years. In February, he loaned money to the people of Huaixi to buy cattle and gave 70,000 stones of rice to help the starving people in Jiangling. In June, relief was given to the flood-stricken poor in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Lianghuai, and Jinghu, and Lin'an was exempted from increasing taxes to the people by more than 80,000 taels. In August, Shaoxing was exempted from the rent of more than 82,000 taels of ding salt and tea, and the three provinces were ordered to negotiate relief for counties and counties affected by floods and droughts, and for the poor in Jiangdong, zhejiang, and huaixi. In December, the displaced people in Jiangsu and Zhejiang were rescued. In the first month of 1194, the people of Shaoxing were forgiving permission to pay taxes. In February, Hunan and Jiangxi were banned from suppressing grain prices. By July of the same year, under the auspices of the empress dowager, Emperor Guangzong was forced to give up the throne to his son Zhao Kuo.
Politically, Guangzong was also very successful. In February 1189, at the beginning of his reign, Emperor Guangzong issued an edict to the officials Chen Shizheng who were missing, rather than allowing them to give praises. Visit the retired Prime Minister and his subordinates on gains and losses. In turn, officials were summoned to visit political gains and losses and seek good strategies for governing the country. Smooth the way, let the officials of the two provinces examine and approve in detail the seals and deeds of internal and external officials, and report the shortcomings of the times to the point. He paid attention to the rule of officials and strived for political clarity. The "commandments" were given to the generals and the officials. Severely punish corrupt officials who pervert the law. The superintendent and the sheriff exchanged gifts for the crime of embezzlement. Officials such as ruling officials, attendants, and counselors are warned not to ask for help for others or go through the back door. Let the Zhongshu Sheren Luo Dian select the Taiwan Counselors, and select Ye Shi, Wu Yi, Sun Fengji, Zhang Tiren, Feng Zhenwu, Zheng Xiang, Liu Chongzhi, and Shen Qingchen as the Taiwan Counselors, in order to picket hundreds of officials and correct the mistakes of Emperor Kuangzheng. He cared about the judiciary, and ordered county officials to follow the law and love the people, and ordered leniency in order to show compassion for the people. The Emperor often personally examined prisoner files. He attached importance to institutional reform and asked the prime ministers of the three provinces and the Privy Council to report in detail the rules requested by their ministers to revise the law. He also attached importance to the selection of talents, and Ru Lin Lang Ni Shu and others could be used to play the seal and were promoted. In September, the subordinates were ordered to recommend fair and strong men to serve as imperial historians, and ordered the superintendent and the shuai shou to recommend the honest officials of the department to promote and reuse. Let the internal and external military commanders each have the talent of the generals. This kind of diligent measure of government and love for the people ran through Guangzong's short five-year ruling career, even when he was plagued by various interferences and diseases.
How can we say that an emperor who cares so much about the people's livelihood and is diligent in government affairs can we say that he is a bad emperor? Perhaps, Emperor Guangzong's frivolous endowments and political gains and losses of visits reflected the various problems of Emperor Xiaozong's time and were a kind of denial of Emperor Xiaozong, so it caused Emperor Xiaozong's dissatisfaction and became one of the reasons for Emperor Guangzong's downfall.
Guangzong's "unfilial piety" was after a conflict with Emperor Xiaozong in the appointment and dismissal of personnel, and was very filial piety before. Although Emperor Xiaozong had abdicated, he was still in charge of the government, especially in personnel appointments. In the first month of 1189, before Emperor Xiaozong abdicated, he left two ministers to Emperor Xiaozong: The left minister Zhou Bida and the right minister Liu Zheng. The Song Shi Xiaozong Benji records: "In the first month of the spring of the sixteenth year... At noon, he made Sun Yu the Duke of Jiaguo. Bing Shen, Huang Qia (zhi privy council affairs) strike. He Hai , with Zhou Bida as the left minister , Liu Zheng as the right minister , Xiao Fu and Quan Zhi zhi of the Privy Council, Libu Shangshu Wang Lin as the governor of the privy council, and Shangshu Ge Of the Punishment Department as the privy council affairs. Otomi, Xiao Fu. Before his abdication, Emperor Xiaozong made elaborate arrangements, first making his favorite grandson, Zhao Xuan, the Duke of Jiaguo, perhaps the rumors true, that Emperor Xiaozong preferred Zhao Kai,the son of Zhao Kai (Emperor Xiaozong's second son), to Zhao Kuo, the son of Emperor Guangzong; and then arranged a set of prime ministers loyal to him.
Of the six people of Zhou Bida, Liu Zheng, Huang Qia, Xiao Fu, Wang Lin, and Ge Qi, three of them were: Zhou Bida, Huang Qia, and Xiao Fu. The "History of Song" records that all three people took the initiative to ask Emperor Xiaozong to resign. Huang Qia "except for the Privy Council." Qia Leizhang asked to go, Xu Zhi, except for the Senior Government Hall University Scholar and Zhilong Xingfu. Zhou Bida also resigned in 1188, and it can be seen from Emperor Xiaozong's appointment of him as a left chancellor that he was not really valued, because the Southern Song Dynasty was the right chancellor who held real power. In the first month of 1189, Xiao Fu, who had previously served as the governor of the privy council, was reappointed as the acting privy councillor, and the key was that Emperor Xiaozong also asked Ge To "know the privy council affairs with him", and the meaning of XiaoZong's removal of Xiao Fu was already obvious, and the History of Song records that "(Xiao Fu) knew the privy council." To the year and (to the retirement age) self-Chen, shangliuzhi, can not, except for the senior government hall bachelor, and the county. Please be idle and lift up the Dongxiao Palace in Lin'an Province. Xiao Fu was very clever, understood The meaning of Emperor Xiaozong and took the initiative to quit. For Huang Qia and Xiao Xuan's resignation, Xiaozong agreed, and for Zhou Bida, Xiaozong still wanted him to restrain Liu Zheng. It was just that Zhou Bida did not understand it very well and did not insist on resigning, so that he was later accused of passively withdrawing. From this point of view, Zhou Bida was not as smart as the other two people.
In February 1189, after Emperor Guangzong ascended the throne, he was not qualified to move these prime ministers appointed by Emperor Xiaozong, and could only appoint some minor officials. Emperor Guangzong appointed two men: Tan Hee-jae and Kang Ter-ri, to "know the affairs of the cabinet" and let them "know the affairs of the cabinet". "ZhiGemen", the official position is not large, but the authority is important, and the internal and external transmission is controlled. Emperor Guangzong also asked Luo Dian, a Zhongshu Sheren, to recommend some people who could serve as Taiwan counselors, and Luo Dian recommended eight people: Ye Shi, Wu Yi, Sun Fengji, Zhang Tiren, Feng Zhenwu, Zheng Xiang, Liu Chongzhi, and Shen Qingchen. However, judging from the records of the eight lives, it is obvious that he did not become a Taiwan counselor, that is to say, Guangzong did not achieve this goal.
The first major change in personnel appointment and dismissal was in May 1189, when Zhou Bida was deposed. Liu Zheng first tried to find a way to make He Yu the Right Counselor Doctor. He Huan hated Zhou Bida for not promoting himself for a long time, and attacked Zhou Bida, and Bo and his students were dismissed and demoted together. Wang Lin, the Counsellor and Governor, continued to rise, and the Privy Council Secretary and Counsellor continued to rise. In the same month, the Right Emperor Xiangliu was attacking the minor official appointed by Emperor Guangzong, Jiang Teli, the Zhige Gatekeeper. Jiang Teli was originally a subordinate official of Emperor Guangzong's reign as crown prince, in charge of left and right Chunfang (equivalent to the head of the taisque). Liu Zheng impeached Jiang Teli on the grounds that he was "recruiting power and pre-government" and demanded that Guangzong expel Jiang Teli. Jiang Teli paid a special visit to Liu Zheng, which may be the meaning of Guangzong, and the meaning expressed in this visit is: let Liu Zheng change from a right minister to a left one, and use one of Ye Yi and Zhang Shu as a person to participate in the political affairs. Liu Zheng immediately reported this news to Emperor Xiaozong, who was furious and belittled Jiang Teli as a promotion of the Xingguo Palace. Guangzong's purpose was not achieved, he was a complete puppet, and Liu Zheng could be said to be too deceitful.
Zhou Fn-dai image
In May, Emperor Guangzong fought back, summoning back Chen Yuan, a eunuch who had been belittled during Emperor Xiaozong's reign, and allowing him to "live outside the home." Chen Yuan was a very favored eunuch by Emperor Gaozong, but Emperor Xiaozong disliked him and "smelled evil". After Emperor Xiaozong ascended the throne, he sent Chen Yuanfa to Chenzhou. Guangzong summoned Chen Yuan back at this time, which can be described as a far-reaching intention, which was a counterattack. This is not to mention, Emperor Guangzong also promoted Zhao Xiong, who had been deposed by Emperor Xiaozong, to the position of envoy of the Ningwu Army, Kaifu Yi tongsansi, and the duke of Weiguo. Emperor Xiaozong and Liu Zheng's party were naturally dissatisfied with this, and in November of the same year, they forced Emperor Guangzong to issue an edict ordering Chen Yuan not to enter the capital.
The struggle continued, and at this time Emperor Guangzong promoted and reused Liu Guangzu after he ascended the throne. Emperor Guangzong's promotion of Liu Guangzu to the position of Imperial Attendant in the Palace originally wanted him to serve him, but unexpectedly he sided with Liu Zheng and impeached Hubu Shangshu Ye Yi and Taifu Qing and Zhongshu Sheren Shen Yi, and these two were officials trusted by Emperor Guangzong, and Ye Yi originally wanted to be promoted to participate in the government affairs. In March 1190, Liu Guangzu, the imperial attendant of the imperial palace, impeached Wu Duan, who was a close subordinate of the Emperor of the Guards, and Emperor Guangzong demoted Liu Guangzu to the Zhi Secret Cabinet and the Tongchuan YunJue, and changed the sentence to Jiangxi and then to Fuzhou. In May, Zhao Xiong, who had just been awarded the honorary title by Emperor Guangzong, was impeached for accepting bribes from officials whom Zhao Xiong had recommended, and Zhao Xiong was demoted and stripped of his titles. In the same month, Wu Duan, who took the imperial apparatus, was also demoted to deputy commander of the Zhejiang Western Horse Infantry Army. It has to be said that Guangzong could not fight the Xiaozong Party, and there was no real power in his hands at all.
In July, another major adjustment was made to the personnel: Liu Zheng was made the left chancellor, Wang Lin was made the privy council envoy, and Ge Hao was made the governor of the privy council, and Hu Jinchen signed a letter to the privy council. This group of prime ministers added another person to Emperor Xiaozong's original appointment. As can be seen from the foregoing, Liu Zheng, Wang Lin, and Ge Hao were the people left behind by Emperor Xiaozong, and Hu Jinchen was the newly promoted people. Hu Jinchen was previously an official as Shi Yushi (侍御史), and Emperor Guangzong first promoted him to the post of Gongbu Shilang (工部侍郎) and then appointed him as Shi Zhong(s), and then appointed him to Shizhong (給事中). Hu Jinchen was able to adhere to principles and was affirmed by Emperor Guangzong, who worshipped him as a scholar of the Duanming Temple and signed a letter to the Privy Council (vice-chancellor). However, such an appointment had to be approved by Emperor Xiaozong, and Hu Jinchen went to Chonghua Palace, and Emperor Xiaozong said: "The heir to the post of second and third ministers is deeply comfortable, and there is no disagreement in the outer court." Hu Jinchen thanked him, which was recognized by Emperor Xiaozong. Later, Hu Jinchen was promoted to counselor and privy councillor, and after November 1191, Guangzong was unable to handle the affairs of the court due to illness, and Hu Jinchen undertook heavy administrative affairs, known in history as "pro-gentleman, far lesser, or lucky, dispelling friends, Qi Wo Cut, Mi Sewing Meticulous", but unfortunately Hu Jinchen fell ill and died in June 1193, and Guangzong's efforts were wasted.
In November 1190, he deposed Wang Lin as a privy councillor, with Ge Wu as the privy councillor, and Hu Jinchen as the governor and tongzhi privy councillor. Wang Lin's downfall was due to The impeachment of He Yuan, and we all know that He Lin is a party that remains in the right, so it can be seen that the most important reason for Wang Lin's downfall is that Emperor Xiaozong no longer believes him. Wang Lin's extreme advice to Guangzong and his wife was actually to maintain Guangzong's reputation, and Wang Lin was not as flattering as Liu Zheng was to Xiaozong, but it was a pity that he was not flattered on both sides. After Wang Lin stepped down, "Ling Ancestral Hall, Shuai Jiangling", Emperor Ningzong took the throne, changed to Hunan, and was never reused until his death. In detail, Wang Linshi was ready to stand on the side of Guangzong, but Guangzong did not understand.
From November 1190 onwards, the power of the Guangzong was in a brief period of rise, as can be seen in the events that followed. The first is that in 1191, the Marching Moon Sect ordered Chen Gongliang and Zhu Xi to "cross the boundary" of the land of Zhang, Quan, and Ting. The economic boundary law is a measure to measure land, determine the level of land, and prepare for taxation. Politically, being able to break through many obstacles to the implementation of the Jingjie Law itself shows that Guangzong has a certain degree of power. The second thing was that in July 1191, Gao Deng, the editor of Rongzhou, was rehabilitated, and he was posthumously restored to the official, and still gave the title of Chengwu Lang. In 1172, the right chancellor Liang Kejia wrote to Emperor Xiaozong of Song requesting that the document that compiled Gao Deng's office in Rongzhou be revoked, but Emperor Xiaozong did not agree. In 1191, Zhu Xi, the prefect of Zhangzhou, wrote to Emperor Guangzong of Song requesting that Gao Deng zhaoxue be replaced, and Emperor Guangzong agreed. The third event was that in August 1191, He Huan was killed as his stepmother. He Yu originally did not want to go to the official, saying that it was only the death of his stepmother, but Guangzong did not allow it, and borrowed Zhang Ying's mouth to dismiss his official. The fourth event was that in September 1191, Wu Duan returned to serve as the imperial apparatus. The fifth thing was Hu Jinchen's coming to power, and judging from Hu Jinchen's life and deeds, Hu Jinchen was loyal to Guangzong. In this way, in the prime minister's team, Guangzong had his own people, and he was an official who served as a counselor and a member of the Privy Council.
Of course, Emperor Xiaozong and Liu Zheng's party were also fighting back. In February 1191, guangzong was forced to stop building the empress's family temple, and the commoner Yu Gu wrote a letter criticizing guangzong, and guangzong was furious. In March, The Right Counselor Deng Yi was dismissed from office. In October, the law of economic boundaries was forced to cease.
The final outbreak of conflict between the two sides was in November 1191, the month that Emperor Guangzong, satisfied with his wishes, wanted to sacrifice heaven and earth. However, his empress Dowager Li Fengniang brutally killed Emperor Guangzong's favored Concubine Huang Guifei, claiming to have died of a violent illness. Li Fengniang was the empress designated by Emperor Xiaozong and his wife to Emperor Guangzong, and there was no right to abolish this empress Guangzong. Li Fengniang did a lot of bad things, and Guangzong still had to bear the responsibility for Li Fengniang's various atrocities, which was very unfair. In addition, when the heavens and the earth were sacrificed, the wind and rain were great, and there was no ceremony. In ancient times, when it was believed that heaven and man sensed, this dealt a very big blow to Guangzong's psychology, and Guangzong fell ill at once. When Emperor Xiaozong and his wife came to visit their son, they accused Guangzong, and Guangzong was even more disheartened. Since then, he is no longer enthusiastic about the government, but he is unwilling and occasionally wants to make a difference, but once he finds that he cannot control the political power, he ignores the government again. At the same time, he blamed all this on his parents, unwilling to go to see his parents again, and the relationship between father and son was getting worse and worse.
For the Guangzong, a complete logic was formed. First, it was rumored that Emperor Xiaozong preferred Zhao Kai (the son of Emperor Guangzong's brother Zhao Kai), and later Li Fengniang had a conflict with his mother-in-law, openly satirizing her mother-in-law's lowly origins, and Xiaozong and his wife would have wanted to abolish this daughter-in-law long ago if it were not for their son's sake. In 1190, Li Fengniang asked Emperor Xiaozong and his wife to make their son Zhao Kuo crown prince, but this was refused. For Emperor Guangzong, the rumor that Emperor Xiaozong was going to pass the throne to Zhao Shu was confirmed. Guangzong may think that he has no power in his hands, which is Xiaozong's preparation for himself (Guangzong) to pass the throne to Zhao. If at this time, Emperor Xiaozong wanted to depose the empress, Emperor Guangzong would definitely think that this was the prelude to the establishment of Zhao Zhao. In fact, Emperor Xiaozong did not have this kind of idea, but he did not like this daughter-in-law, and Guangzong originally did not like Li Fengniang, but out of consideration for his son's succession, he did not want Li Fengniang to be deposed. It was in this situation that Li Fengniang retained her position as empress. Li Fengniang later deceived Guangzong that Emperor Xiaozong had prepared a poison (not actually) to kill Guangzong, and coupled with his failure to sacrifice heaven and earth, the heavens seemed to be calling something, so Guangzong fell ill and his relationship with his father deteriorated. In what way did the Guangzong rebel? That is not to meet his parents, Xiaozong and his wife.
After Emperor Guangzong fell ill, in March 1192, in the face of a wave of accusations and the deterioration of the relationship between Emperor Guangzong's father and son, Zuo Chengxiang left a resignation, and Emperor Guangzong did not agree (in fact, did not dare).
In June 1192, in the face of his son, who did not want to see him and administer the country, Emperor Xiaozong made concessions, and Emperor Guangzong made a concession to the Privy Council with the power of the Ministry of Rites Shangshu Chen Qi. At this time, the prime minister's team was: Liu Zheng was Zuo Cheng Xiang, Ge Hao was the zhi privy council affairs, Hu Jinchen was involved in the privy council affairs and tongzhi privy council affairs, and Chen Qi was also aware of the privy council affairs. Hu Jinchen was promoted, and the newly promoted Chen Qi should also be a close confidant of Guangzong. After that, Guangzong's relationship with his father was relaxed for a while. In November, Emperor Guangzong and his wife met with Emperor Xiaozong. In December, Emperor Guangzong led his courtiers to the "Shou Emperor Saint Emperor Jade", "Holy Government", and "Huijiao" at Chonghua Palace. In the spring of 1193, Emperor Guangzong met with Emperor Xiaozong. In February, Emperor Guangzong again summoned the eunuch Chen Yuan back to the capital. The Three Moon Moon Sect and his wife met Emperor Xiaozong.
In March 1193, major changes were made to personnel again. Liu Zheng was the Prime Minister, Ge Hao was the Right Minister, Hu Jinchen knew the Privy Council affairs, Chen Qi participated in the privy council affairs, and Zhao Ruyu knew the privy council affairs. Emperor Guangzong was very satisfied with this appointment and dismissal, because Hu Jinchen, Chen Qi, zhao Ruyu, and other three people were promoted by him. Inspector Yushi Wang Yiduan asked for the removal of Zhao Ruyu, but without success, Wang Yiduan was instead deposed. A few days later, Mr. and Mrs. Guangzong and Mr. and Mrs. Xiaozong visited the Jujing Garden together.
In May, the contradictions re-emerged and intensified completely. The reason was that Guangzong summoned Jiang Teli, who had previously been impeached by Liu Zheng. Zuo Cheng Xiang Liu Zheng immediately impeached Jiang Teli again, but Guangzong resolutely refused to agree, so Liu Zheng threatened to resign, and Guangzong ignored him. In June 1193, under the influence of Liu Zheng, the secretary provincial writer Lang Shen Youkai, the secretary Zuo Lang Li Tangqing, the secretaries Lang Fan Yi and Peng Guinian, the school secretary Lang Wang Yi, the zhengzi Cai Youxue, Yan Tang, Wu Hunter, Xiang Anshi, and others, under the influence of Liu Zheng, appealed to Emperor Guangzong and demanded the removal of Jiang Teli. Guangzong did not agree. In the same month, Emperor Guangzong's right-hand man, Hu Jinchen, who was also a member of the Privy Council of Tongzhi, died. In July, Liu Zheng continued to impeach Jiang Teli, but Guangzong still did not agree, so Liu Zheng handed over his official seal himself and ran to Fan Village outside the city to "wait for the crime". Liu Zheng ran for one hundred and forty days, and later Empress Shousheng (Empress Gaozong) found a reason to ask Guangzong to invite Liu Zheng back. We can see that Liu Zheng dared to bully the emperor in this way, and he had a backer.
Jiang Teli, whom Song Guangzong favored, was brilliant
In the same month, major personnel adjustments were made again. Liu Zheng, who was to be convicted in Fan Village, was still zuo cheng xiang, Ge Hao was promoted to right chancellor, Zhao Ruyu knew the affairs of the Privy Council, Chen Qi served as the governor of the privy council, the official Shangshu Yu Duanli was also aware of the privy council affairs, and Chen Yuan was the abbot of the inner service province. This personnel change can be seen that Guangzong is reluctant to make concessions. Judging from Yu Duanli's life and future deeds, he was a member of the Guangzong Sect. Chen Yuan's appointment proved that Guangzong wanted to get rid of Emperor Xiaozong's control.
In September 1193, The Jia Dynasty's mansion Yishan Huang Shangshu asked Yang Shunqing to serve yang Shunqing. Peng Guinian asked Chen Yuan to thank the world, but Guangzong did not agree. After that, Emperor Guangzong again did not go to Emperor Xiaozong. The officials asked Emperor Guangzong to go to the court to see Emperor Xiaozong, and Emperor Guangzong agreed. Before leaving, the empress did not allow Guangzong to go, and Chen Fuliang, a member of the Zhongshu She, followed Guangzong's clothes and urged him to return. In November, the two sides made a compromise, and Xu Yi, the right-hand man of the Guang sect, invited Liu Zheng, who was waiting for sin in Fan Village, back. Jiang Teli was restored to his original official. The conflict between Guangzong and Emperor Xiaozong eased again, and he met with Emperor Xiaozong. In December, Emperor Guangzong met with Emperor Xiaozong. But soon the contradictions re-emerged. The Right Counselor Zhang Ying (a person trusted by Emperor Guangzong) asked Ge Ying to depose Ge Ying because of the earthquake, and the officials asked for Zhang Ying's removal, and Guangzong said, "(Zhang Ying) is a good counselor, so why should he move it?"
In the first month of 1194, Emperor Guangzong paid homage to Emperor Xiaozong. Soon after, the Right Chancellor Ge Shao was deposed as a scholar of Guan Wen Dian University and sentenced to Jiankang Province. In February, Emperor Xiaozong counterattacked, and Zhao Ruyu and Yu Duanli stayed at home to treat the crime. In March, the birthday of Emperor Guangzong's mother, Emperor Guangzong did not have a life expectancy in Miyagami. In April, Guangzong and his wife visited Yujin Garden, and after a few days, Xiaozong and his wife visited the East Garden, and there were almost passers-by. After that, the officials asked Emperor Guangzong to see Emperor Xiaozong, but Emperor Guangzong did not make the trip. The Taiwan counselor requested the expulsion of the internal servants Chen Yuan, Yang Shunqing, lin Yinian, and others.
In May, When Emperor Xiaozong became seriously ill, Zuo Chengxiangliu was pulling on Guangzong's clothes and asking to visit Emperor Xiaozong, crying out. After that, Liu Zheng led a group of cronies to resign the official on the grounds that "what was requested was not obeyed", and Guangzong agreed. So Liu Zheng staged a farce of resignation again, and this time he took the officials out of the city to be convicted. Knowing that this was liuzheng to make the people of the world laugh at Guangzong, he asked Guangzong to send orders to take these people to the capital, and Guangzong agreed. Many officials begged Emperor Guangzong not to see Emperor Xiaozong, so they asked Emperor Guangzong's son, King Jia, to visit his grandfather, and Emperor Xiaozong was very moved.
In June, Emperor Xiaozong died, and Emperor Xiangliuzheng, Zhao Ruyu, the Privy Councillor Zhao Ruyu, the Counsellor, Chen Qi, and the Tongzhi Privy CouncilLord Yu Duanli, led hundreds of officials to request Guangzong to be buried, and Guangzong did not go in the end. In the end, the courtiers had no choice, so they invited Emperor Gaozong's wife, the empress dowager, to perform the memorial service on their behalf, and only then did they hold the funeral of Emperor Xiaozong.
In July, Liu Zheng played to Emperor Guangzong: "Crown Prince Jia Wangkuo, who has always been kind and filial, should be established as the crown prince to calm people's hearts." Emperor Guangzong gave instructions on the top: "After a long time, I want to retire." When Liu Zheng saw Guangzong's instructions, he was very frightened, saying that he was sick and had abandoned his official post and fled without Guangzong's permission. Zhao Ruyu and other civil and military officials asked Empress Dowager Wu to declare the throne of Emperor Guangzong in front of Emperor Xiaozong's coffin, and Empress Dowager Wu read out: "The emperor was ill and failed to carry out the funeral, he had a royal pen, and wanted to retire himself. Emperor Guangzong's son Zhao Kuo took the throne. Emperor Guangzong was made Emperor Taishang.
The failure of Emperor Guangzong was that there was an emperor on it, a humble woman inside, and a powerful vassal in the court. In the face of the Taishang Emperor, who held real power, Guangzong was subject to the restraints of Liu Zheng and his ilk at every turn. The reason for staying right and deceiving the Lord lies in his repeated stand on the hypocritical morality and demand that the emperor act according to his own wishes. The dignity of the emperor was repeatedly trampled under the feet of Liu Zheng. The first was to use He Yu to impeach Zhou Bida and repeatedly impeach him; the second time, in Jiang Teli's appointment, he relied on Xiaozong to fight Guangzong twice; the third was to lead his ministers to abandon their officials and force Guangzong to meet Xiaozong. Liu Zheng is backed by the support of Emperor Xiaozong, and is not afraid of Emperor Guangzong, in fact, Liu Zheng is the spokesman of Emperor Xiaozong, and Emperor Xiaozong is actually the real emperor, and Emperor Guangzong is just a prince who will never grow up. As an empress, Li Fengniang did not respect her husband, and in the face of this powerless husband, her innate selfishness made her only know how to take, not to give. Guangzong understood that he and the empress were in a relationship of prosperity and loss, and this foolish queen threw dirty water on her husband again and again, and she made a lot of profits for her mother's family. She made her mother's family king for three generations, and her nephews Li Xiaoyou and Li Xiaochun officials worshiped Jiedushi envoys, and once they returned to the Gurudwara Temple, 26 relatives were tuien, 172 were appointed as envoys, down to the Li family's doormen, all of whom played the role of supplementary officials. He thought he had gained benefits, but he didn't know that he had smeared the Guangzong Sect. She killed Huang Guifei in order to fight for the wind and eat cool, and Guangzong was devastated by this, and hated it but could not get rid of it, what a torture.
Perhaps, Guangzong had only one simple wish- to be a good emperor who worked hard to govern, but the cruel and ruthless power struggle made him not realize his wishes, but became a victim. Guangzong's life was helpless, it was the helplessness of the Emperor Taishang above, the helplessness of not having real power in his own hands, perhaps he was bound by Confucianism and did not understand the cruelty of power struggle, in short, he failed.