Apan Palace Endowment
Du Mu, together with Li Shangyin and called "Little Li Du", is a poet and a scholar who knows soldiers, and has left us many famous works through the ages:
"During the Qingming Festival, it rains a lot, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls." Asking where the restaurant was, the shepherd boy pointed to the apricot blossom village. "Qingming"
"Smoke cage cold water moon cage yarn, night berth Qin Huai near the restaurant." The merchant girl did not know the hatred of the country, and sang the backyard flowers across the river. "Bo Qinhuai"
"Thousands of miles of warblers cry green and red, and the water village mountain country wine flag wind." Four hundred and eighty temples in the south, how many buildings in the smoke and rain. "Gangnam Spring"
The above is the main representative of the poem, "Apan Gong Fu" this ancient beautiful text belongs to the Piao Wen, is the best in the Piao Wen. When he described the reason for writing this fu, he said: "Bao Li (Tang Jingzong's year number) rose up in the palace room, widely sounded, and pretended to be "Apan Palace Fu". "It is actually used to borrow the ancient irony of the present, and to advise Tang Jingzong as a warning."
This article uses typical artistic techniques, and in a short period of time, the magnificence of the palace, the fullness of the harem, the abundance of treasure, the madness of squandering, the rapid speed of death, and the profoundness of the lessons are vividly expressed. The end even gave a shocking sigh:
"The Qin people do not have time to mourn themselves, and the posterity mourns." Future generations mourn and do not learn from it, and make future generations mourn for future generations. ”
This ancient famous article has been passed down through the ages, not only in the high intention, but also in the ingenious conception; not only in the incisive discussion, but also in the magnificent words. In addition to the above, compared with other famous fugues, it also has a very distinctive feature, that is, a large number of colorful rhetorical techniques are used, such as: exaggeration, metaphor, comparison, etc. Let's take a look at these rhetorical techniques used in this article.
simile:
Liu Xun said in "Wenxin Carved Dragon Bixing": "Either metaphorically in sound, or fang in appearance, or in the heart, or out of the matter." ”
"Long bridge lying wave, not cloud he long?" , the road is empty, not Ji He Hong? "In the middle, the dragon is used as a metaphor for the bridge because the bridge has a morphological similarity with the legendary dragon. Using a rainbow metaphor to repeat the road, not only shows its height, but also looks like its magnificence.
"The stars are yingying, the makeup mirror is also open; the green clouds are disturbed, and the comb xiao is also." In the middle, the dressing mirror is compared to a sparkling star, and the long hair combed by the palace ladies in the morning is likened to a green cloud that is draped one after another.
These metaphors, novel and appropriate, without pretense, greatly enhance the appeal of the article and leave a very deep impression.
There are also many figurative sentences in ancient poems, such as the following:
"The desert sand is like snow, and the yanshan moon is like a hook."
"Poor three nights in the beginning of September, dew like a pearl moon like a bow."
"Hands are like soft, skin is like gelatin, collar is like cockroaches, teeth are like rhinoceros, and moths are eyebrows."
exaggeration:
Either deliberately exaggerated, or deliberately reduced. Liu Xun said in "Wenxin Carved Dragon And Kwa Ornament": "If it is a word of steepness, song is high in the sky, on the gorge is not tolerated by the river, saying that more is more than one hundred billion descendants, saying that the few are the people's widows." ”
"Six kings than one, four seas and one, Shushan Wu, A Fang out." Covered for more than 300 miles, isolated day and day. "It not only highlights the speed of the destruction of the Six Kingdoms and the prestige of Qin's rapid unification of the world, but also highlights the grand scale of the building of the Afang Palace." The use of building materials is enough to make the Shu Mountains bare, covering an area of more than three hundred miles, towering and even covering the sky. After such an exaggerated description by the author, the majesty of the Appan Palace is as magnificent as before the eyes.
"In one day, between one house, and the climate is uneven." In the middle, the description of the size of the Appang Palace seems to include a variety of different terrains from east to west, from north to south, feeling that from the outside of the Plug to the South, from the western region to the East China Sea, the size of the territory is so large that in just one day the wind, rain, rain, rain, frost and snow are different. This description really feels too exaggerated. However, Mr. Liu Xun believes that "although the words are very serious, their meaning is harmless." This means that although the wording is too much to be true, it does not harm the meaning of the meaning being expressed.
From "the stars are bright, the makeup mirror is also open" to "Thunder is startled, the palace car is also over" also contains exaggerated usage.
Exaggeration, highlighting the essence of things, setting off the atmosphere of rendering, can arouse the reader's rich imagination and strong resonance, to achieve excellent expression effect.
Li Shixian's poetic style is flowing, and the use of exaggerated techniques has also reached the peak:
"Three thousand feet of white hair, and the edge seems to be long."
"Wave your hand for me, like listening to a pine."
"To cook a sheep and slaughter a cow for pleasure, you will have to drink three hundred cups at a time."
"The peach blossom pond is thousands of feet deep, and it is not as deep as Wang Lun sent me affection."
"The snowflakes of Yanshan Mountain are as big as a mat, and the pieces blow down the Xuanyuan Platform."
parallelism:
Words or sentences with the same or similar structure, closely related meanings, and consistent tone are arranged together in a string to enhance the expression effect and momentum of the article.
"Make the pillars of the negative building more than the peasants of the southern acres; the rafters of the beams more than the workers on the machine; the nails of phosphorus and phosphorus, more than the millet grains in the galls; the jagged tiles, more than the wisps around the body; the straight barriers, more than the city of the nine earths; the orchestra is dumb, more than the words of the people in the city."
Comparison, the neatness and uniformity of the explicit sentence style, the sonorous and powerful tone of the explicit tone, the unrestrained and smooth of the explicit rhyme, the coherence and brightness of the rhythm, the echo of the sense of explicit language, and the magnificent momentum. It's catchy to read, and the aftertaste is endless.
Let's take a look at how the great man used rhetorical techniques, a great prophecy about the bright future of the Chinese revolution in "The Spark of Stars Can Burn the Plains":
"It is a ship standing on the shore and looking out at the sea with the tip of the mast visible; it is a sunrise that stands on the top of a high mountain and looks far to the east, and it is a baby that is about to mature in its mother's womb."
To study "Apan Gong Fu", while enjoying the beauty of its words, you need to pay more attention to its rhetoric and appreciate the use of its rhetorical techniques. (written by God' Cloth Cloth)