This year marks the 25th National Cancer Prevention and Control Awareness Week. The latest systematic regional surveillance data show that the incidence of all malignant tumors in Guangzhou is 301.96/100,000, and the cumulative incidence rate of 0-84 years old is 22.09%.
The incidence of cancer in Guangzhou is lower than the national average, lung cancer and breast cancer are the first cancers in male and female incidence, thyroid cancer and prostate cancer show a rapid growth trend, there are regional differences in cancer in Guangzhou, high incidence of cancer species in various districts is different, and population aging is the most important factor in the increase in cancer incidence in Guangzhou.
The incidence of cancer in Guangzhou is lower than the national average
The incidence of the top 10 malignant tumors in Guangzhou is 227.16/100,000, accounting for 81.89% of all malignant tumors in men; the incidence rate in women is 191.60/100,000, accounting for 80.18% of all malignant tumors in women.
Among them, male digestive system cancer accounts for about 40% of all cancers and women account for about 20%; while national data for the same period show that male digestive system cancer accounts for about 70% of all cancers and women account for about 40%.
Compared with the latest domestic data for the same period, the cancer incidence in Guangzhou is 2.80/100,000, compared with 3.07/100,000 in urban cities, 5.36/100,000 in Dalian, 483/100,000 in Shanghai, 344/100,000 in Hangzhou, 3.47/100,000 in Shenyang, 3.60/100,000 in Beijing and 3.54/100,000 in Wuhan.
In the latest statistical cycle, the first malignant tumor incidence in Guangzhou is lung cancer, followed by colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and thyroid cancer. The first nine malignant tumors had the same incidence order as in 2012-2013, and uterine body cancer rose to the tenth place.
The order of gender-disaggregated statistics varies slightly.
The first malignant tumor in men is lung cancer, followed by liver cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer, oral and throat cancer fell out of the top ten, thyroid cancer entered the top ten; the first malignant tumor in women was breast cancer, followed by lung cancer, colorectal cancer, thyroid cancer and uterine body cancer.
The first malignant tumor to die in men is lung cancer, followed by liver cancer, colorectal cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer and stomach cancer, and the first malignant tumor in female death is also lung cancer, followed by colorectal cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer and stomach cancer.
Liver cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer are less common
No trend towards rejuvenation was found
According to the incidence data of Guangzhou in the past 10 years, the cancers with obvious decline in incidence are liver cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, stomach cancer, lymphoma, leukemia and bladder cancer; the cancers with significant increased incidence are thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer and lung cancer.
According to the incidence trend of cancer in Guangzhou in the past 10 years, Lin Guozhen, director of the Department of Cause of Death and Cancer Surveillance of the Guangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, suggested that the incidence of cancers related to health and infection has decreased, while the incidence of cancers related to sex and poor lifestyle has increased.
In addition, in the past 10 years, the age of cancer onset in men in Guangzhou is mainly concentrated between 50 and 70 years old; while the age of cancer onset in women is mainly concentrated between 45 and 70 years old, and the age of onset of male and female diseases has shown a slight upward trend.
Lung cancer is the first cancer of male incidence, and its age of onset fluctuates slightly between the ages of 35 and 90 years, and the average age of onset fluctuates around 70 years old; while the average age of onset of breast cancer and cervical cancer, the first cancerous cancer and high-incidence cancer of women, has an upward trend. It can be seen that the phenomenon of young age of cancer incidence is not obvious.
The 5-year survival period of cancer patients is prolonging, and the high incidence of colorectal cancer is worthy of vigilance
The latest data from Guangzhou shows that comparing male and female mortality rates by age, except for the 15-19 age group, the mortality rate of women is higher than that of men, and the rest of the age groups are higher than that of women. The 5-year survival rate of new cases in Guangzhou was 40.25%, the 5-year survival rate of new cases in men in Guangzhou was 31.29%, and the female was 50.86%. The 5-year survival rate of new cases in Guangzhou is higher than the national average (30.9%), but it is low compared with the international level.
Experts revealed that among the many cancer diseases, the most important thing for the public to pay attention to is colorectal cancer.
At the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, the incidence of colorectal cancer in Guangzhou was 22/100,000, ranking third among all malignant tumors, and now, the incidence of colorectal cancer in Guangzhou has risen to 34/100,000, and the incidence rate has increased by 50% in ten years, and the ranking has also surpassed liver cancer in the second place, becoming the second killer of cancer in Guangzhou. Every day, 7.5 registered residents in Guangzhou are diagnosed with colorectal cancer, accounting for 13% of all malignant tumors. Everyone has a 3% chance of developing colorectal cancer in their lifetime (between the ages of 0-74).
The incidence of colorectal cancer in men in Guangzhou is about 1.2 times that of women, especially in residents over 60 years old, the gender difference is more obvious, and the incidence of males is about 1.5 times that of women.
Fortunately, the mortality rate of colorectal cancer is half of the incidence, ranking third in cancer deaths. Especially in early cases, according to US cancer surveillance, the 5-year survival rate of carcinoma in situ is 94.1%, that of stage I colorectal cancer is 84.6%, and that of distant metastases (stage IV) is reduced to 5.7%.
Currently, medical technology has sufficient capacity to detect colorectal cancer early. Unfortunately, due to weak health awareness, the proportion of phase I diagnosis of colorectal cancer in clinical hospitals is only 13.7%, while the proportion of stage III and IV is 58.8%, so improving the early diagnosis rate of colorectal cancer is the focus of cancer prevention and control, early detection, early diagnosis can greatly reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer, and promote the health of residents.
Since 2015, Guangzhou has officially launched the colorectal cancer prevention and control project, and as of 2018, the city has participated in the initial screening of 413866 people. Through the project, 518 cases of malignant tumors were found, of which 165 cases were early cases, 265 cases were intermediate and advanced cases, and 116 cases were not staged, and the early diagnosis rate of the project was 87.55%.
Written by Nandu reporter Wang Daobin