The Temple of Literature was created with the school
Tongchuan No.1 Middle School is a provincial key middle school. The school is located in the foothills of Chengguan Jiyang Mountain, Yintai District, Tongchuan City, on the west bank of the Qishui River. Founded in the 30th year of the Republic of China (1941), it was initially named "Tongguan County Junior High School". In 1946, the name of the county was changed to "Tongchuan Prefectural Junior High School". On June 14, 1951, the People's Government of Shaanxi Province notified that the school was renamed "Tongchuan County Junior High School". In September 1956, after the establishment of the Second Middle School, it was renamed "Tongchuan County No. 1 Junior High School". In 1958, after Tongchuan County was set up as a city, the school was renamed "Tongchuan No. 1 Middle School", which has been used ever since.
Tongchuan No. 1 Middle School education has been in the vicissitudes of 65 years, and has now developed into a single provincial key high school. The existing land area of the school is 43,000 square meters (about 65 acres), and the construction area is 16,300 square meters. With 54 teaching classes, 3600 students, and 192 teaching staff, it is the largest senior high school in Tongchuan City.
Tongguan Confucian Temple is the birthplace of Tongchuan's education and culture. The Temple of Literature Dacheng Hall is located in the middle of the campus, majestic and magnificent, like a weathered historical old man, tongguan early learning palace, Confucianism, Ming and Qing Dynasty Academic Office, Minglun Hall, Zunjing Pavilion, Yingyang Academy were once set up according to the Temple of Literature, for early students to read classics, end of learning, teacher training, diligent lessons, pragmatic cultivation of talents. In front of the hall, the ancient cypress, vigorous and upright, hides the profound accumulation and vicissitudes of this birthplace of education and culture.
Shi Zai: The Temple of Literature was founded in the Song Dynasty, and the Yuan was burned by soldiers. In the eighth year of Ming Hongwu (1375), Zhixian Lujun rebuilt on the old site of the Song Dynasty, rebuilt during the Xuande period, and added to the Zhixian Tuqin in the fifteenth year of the Ming Wanli Calendar. Qing Kangxi, Qianlong, and Guangxu also practiced mushrooms. There are two existing stone tablets in the school, but in the twenty-fifth year of Guangxu (1899), Huang Zhaohong wrote an article and wrote "Rebuilding the Tongguan County Literary Temple", which is clearly visible. In the twenty-fourth year of the Republic of China (1935), Zhang Ji, the elder of the Kuomintang Central Committee, Shao Lizi, chairman of Shaanxi Province, and other Qingming Festival visited Huangling, because of the obstruction of rain, they once visited the Temple of Literature, sighed that it would fall, donated 350 yuan of national currency, and then raised 1,000 yuan of national currency for restoration, which also created conditions for the later Tongguan County Junior High School to set up a school here.
In March of the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), at the order of the Special Office of the Seven Districts of Shaanxi Province, the same official set up the county, Shi Tian Han was the third county magistrate, the school construction plan was rough, but Tian Gong was transferred, the establishment of the school was shelved, and the county was later under the jurisdiction of the Three District Commissioners' Office. In March of the 30th year of the Republic of China (March 1941), people of insight in the county reconsidered the matter, and The then county magistrate Lu Shaoxiong attached great importance to education and resolutely led the public to revitalize the matter, coupled with the supervision of Yu Zhengdong, the commissioner of the third district, so he set up a school construction committee. The Temple of Literature and the Girls' Primary School were used as the site of the school, raising more than 331,000 yuan in national funds, starting construction and repairing mushrooms, and hiring Fuping Yanmusan as the first principal. Yan Musan was a famous scholar in Weibei, an expert in education, and after taking up his post, he planned day and night, was loyal and diligent, and worked hard. In July of that year, the construction was completed and the enrollment began in the fall. In the thirty-third year of the Republic of China (1944), Yang Chunrong (Huating), a Yiren, wrote the "Record of the Establishment of Tongguan County Junior High School" for this purpose.
Looking back at the arduous course of the school in the 65 years since its establishment, when thinking about the difficulty of planting the source, and seeing the grand cause of today's school, we have benefited from the wisdom and collective efforts of the former crowd, and benefited from the historical contributions made by several generations of educators who have worked hard, worked hard, and taught and educated people.
Republic of China period
In the autumn of the 30th year of the Republic of China (1941), the first class of the school enrolled two classes, A and B, called the third grade of autumn, with 108 students. In the spring and autumn of the following year, another class was recruited, which were the third and third grades of the spring and the third and fourth grades of the autumn, and in the autumn of the same year, a short training class for the simple teacher was attached to the school (most of the students were transferred to the third and third grades of the autumn). At that time, there were more than 210 students in the school, divided into four classes of different classes. This year, due to the increase in the number of students, the school was short of funds and could not be sustained. Brothers Lei Yankun and Lei Yanfang, the men of Shiyi Mingda, resolutely donated 10,000 yuan (equivalent to 4,000 catties of wheat) saved by their mother's funeral to the Tongguan County Junior High School. The righteous deeds of the Lei brothers have not only been praised by all sectors of society, but also praised by the Ministry of Education of the National Government, and have been issued a certificate on the side, which reads: "Shaanxi tongguan and people Lei Yankun donated funds to revitalize the school, it is still a righteous deed, and special awards for meritorious service were issued to encourage them": Yao Wenwei, the county magistrate, also inscribed "Ze and Tong Meng" plaque award.
In the autumn of the thirty-third year of the Republic of China (1944), the first batch of students graduated, and due to the large number of students, only 32 graduated. In November of that year, President Yan Musan left office. Guo Yaxiong, a native of the county, took over as principal, and most of the teachers hired were celebrities in Guanzhong. In the past three years, the school has gradually established the school motto of "sincerity, righteousness, self-cultivation, family unity, governance of the country, and peace in the world". In February of the 35th year of the Republic of China (1946), Guo Yaxiong left office, Kou Qiansheng became the principal, and the most of the teachers hired were from the county. In the thirty-sixth year of the Republic of China (1947), Lei Yanfang, a red clay man in this county, served as the principal, and most of the teachers were underground Communist Party members. In the complicated and changeable situation, the other place is not chaotic, and the school is strictly governed. On February 28, 1949, Tongchuan was liberated for the first time, and the county government appointed Liu Tao, Xun Zhishang and military control personnel to take over the school. Soon, the Kuomintang counterattacked on all fronts, and the county government withdrew north with the army. On April 28, 1949, the whole territory of Tongchuan was liberated, and the government appointed Xun Zhishang, Wang Jutang, Kou Mingdao, Tian Yanong, and E Wenhua to form a takeover group and take over the school again. In May, Wang Jutang was appointed as the director of the school management committee.
Before liberation, the establishment and development of Tongguan County Junior High School coincided with the period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation. When the country was in trouble, the war was continuous, resulting in the slow development of the school. In the 9 years since its establishment, the cumulative enrollment of the school is less than 1,000, and the loss of students is extremely large, with the number of students hovering around 200, and only 164 students in school in 1949. The school facilities are rudimentary, and it is difficult for the children of workers and peasants to attend school. During this period, because Tongchuan was located in the red and white intersection area, was the only key road to northern Shaanxi, and was the frontier connecting the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, on the eve of the liberation of the whole country, Tongchuan became a military center of contention between the State and the Communists. At that time, the Kuomintang troops moved frequently in Tongchuan, and military discipline was very bad. In 1947, in order to cooperate with the overall campaign, the People's Liberation Army launched a number of operational offensives from the Tongchuan area to the enemy in Weibei, such as the Siege Point Battle of Juntailing launched in November 1947, and the Chen Lu Blockade Battle (eliminating the Yijun Militia Regiment) in March 1948. At the same time, the guerrillas of the same officers continued to harass the enemy in the local area. At that time, the Tongchuan County Middle School Branch of the CPC was established, the underground organization of the Communist Party actively carried out revolutionary activities in the school, and CPC members Shi Hanjie (Jian Bo) (Director of Teaching), Li Yongkang (Director of Training), Jia Ruoxuan, Liu Duosheng, and wang Jutang, a young teacher, were teaching at the school. In February 1949, the Tongchuan area was liberated for the first time, and for strategic needs, the People's Liberation Army withdrew from Tongchuan, and the Kuomintang troops re-entered, social unrest, and people's hearts were uneasy. During this period, the normal teaching order of the school was seriously affected, the number of teachers and students was seriously lost, and the number of teachers and students in the school was reduced from 220 in the autumn of 1947 to less than 100 in the autumn of 1948, and the school barely maintained. During this period, many teachers and students pursued progress, longed for Yan'an, resolutely abandoned their studies, and defected to the revolution with enthusiasm. At that time, the instructors who went to Yan'an included underground party members Shi Hanjie, Jia Ruoxuan, Li Yongkang, etc., and guo Yawen, a teaching worker, went to Yanda to study. Also enrolled in school and previous students are Miao Shouru, Chen Weixin, Xu Guangxi, Wang Xuechao, Zhao Keqin, Liang Hanchao, Yang Shutian, Hu Dongsheng and Zhao Zhiren, and current student Wang Tianlin entered Yan'an Finance School.
At that time, there were students Wang Dequan who went to the Guanzhong Subdistrict (Malan) Cadre School, and Zhang Yanying, Zhao Huiru, Kou Ming, and Kou Shouzhong who entered the Guanzhong United Middle School to study. Accompanying the Cpc Central Committee, the Tongguan Government, and the Tongguan Guerrilla Brigade in the revolution to the border areas were instructors Wang Jutang and Kou Mingdao, veteran alumni Zhao Bi, Han Dejun, Sun Yongde, and He Qizuo, as well as students Guo Yapeng, Gao Zhi, and Ji Buqing; and Kou Derang and Wang Ziduan joined the Tongyao guerrillas. These teachers and students in Tongzhong have gone through the tests of their arduous life during the war and the party's education and training in Yan'an, Guanzhong Sub-district, and Border Areas, gained a lot of new knowledge, and are determined to dedicate themselves to the party's great cause and realize the new value of life. In April 1949, the second liberation of Tongchuan, the People's Liberation Army marched to the great northwest, during which time to the first six months before the founding of the People's Republic of China, students Zhang Yunmao, Meng Shengyu, Zhang Guangwen, Kou Zhenquan, Qu Fu'an, Diao Liangyu, Hou Zhengming, Kou Xiuzhen, Xia Zhengqin, Wang Yiming, Huo Wenbin, Yan Siwei, and former alumni of Tongzhong, Wang Mingru, Wang Huanwen, Liu Jingye, Li Xiangting, Zhang Taihe, Yang Jianwu, Ren Lianglin, Yuan Bailong, and Fan Yi, who participated in revolutionary work. From February to September 1949, during this critical period of historical turning, 47 new and old alumni and teachers of Tongguan Middle School participated in revolutionary work, and these teachers and students made due contributions in their respective posts in the Liberated Areas, in terms of supporting the former party, building the government, suppressing bandits, publicizing the party's policies, and establishing and maintaining a new revolutionary order, which undoubtedly reflected the glorious revolutionary history of the school.
Recovery period (1949-1957)
At the beginning of the liberation of the whole country, the school was in a period of takeover and rectification. During this period, the school adopted the method of "maintaining the status quo and opening the school immediately", and all the original teaching staff of the school, except for a few counter-revolutionaries, were allowed to serve as usual. The school has abolished the old teaching content and methods, abolished the curriculum for citizens, abolished the discipline system, regarded the strengthening of ideological education for teachers and students as the focus of school work, actively advocated the new school spirit of "seriousness, democracy, unity, and progress", worked hard to overcome the bad influence caused by the old regime in schools, and gradually established a new school order. In June 1950, the school established a school council with the participation of faculty representatives and student representatives, and successively established youth leagues, student unions and trade union organizations. In the first half of 1951, the school carried out educational activities with the theme of patriotism, and successively formulated the "Patriotic Convention for Teachers and Staff", "Patriotic Work and Study Competition Conditions of the Education Department", "Study life convention", and established a "work system", "learning system" and "curriculum preparation system" for teachers. Due to the large number of children of workers and peasants enrolled in school, the original school building was insufficient, in 1953, the school renovated the main hall of the Temple of Literature, and built 23 new classrooms, totaling 574.02 square meters. With the slogan of "seriousness, democracy, unity and progress", the school put forward the principle of "running a school democratically" and "studying the old areas". The teaching staff worked hard, learned from the Soviet union's education and teaching experience, attached importance to the teaching of the five rings of the classroom, and many advanced teachers and classes emerged. On April 16 of the same year, the 1122 document of the Provincial Government Department of Culture and Education notified Tongchuan County Junior High School as a provincial key middle school. At that time, the students were extremely active in their thinking, studied hard, and ranked among the best in the provincial and prefectural examinations, and the promotion rate was more than 90%. In September 1956, due to the establishment of the Second Middle School, the school was renamed "Tongchuan County No. 1 Junior High School". In November of that year, the First Central Party Branch of Tongchuan County of the Communist Party of China was established (as a joint branch), and Wang Jutang served as the secretary of the branch. In the fall of 1957, there were 532 students in the school, three times the size of 1949, and 24 faculty members.
Period of development (1958-1966)
In 1958, the national comprehensive leap forward, the higher level put forward the slogan of "Education Revolution". In the autumn of that year, Tongchuan No. 1 Middle School began to set up a high school, with an enrollment of 121 students and three teaching classes. The school was transformed from a junior high school to the first complete middle school in Tongchuan, ending Tongchuan's long history of no senior high school. It was Autumn, and Wang Junqi served as vice president (presided over the work). In January of the following year, the Tongchuan Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China appointed Shi Yumin as the secretary of the school's party branch; in May, the Shaanxi Provincial People's Government appointed Zhang Xun as the principal, and Wang Junqi left. During this period, the school adhered to the educational policy of "education serves the politics of the proletariat and combines education with productive labor", strengthened political and ideological education, strengthened labor education, vigorously carried out work-study activities, and set up planting and breeding farms in the school. Teachers and students also threw themselves into the national steel refining campaign, and the teaching order was once disrupted. In the fall of that year, the school had 15 teaching classes, 788 students, and 43 teaching staff. After the county was changed to a city that year, the school was named "Tongchuan No. 1 Middle School".
In the late 1950s and early 1960s, when the country was in a difficult period, Shi Yumin, then secretary of the party branch of the school, and Zhang Xun, the president of the school, tried every means to overcome difficulties and find ways to improve the division and the stove. The school set up a life group, put forward the requirement of "ruling the canteen and the cadres go down to the house", carried out the activities of "red canteen, red housekeeper, and skillful cook", organized teachers and students to cultivate land, and implemented "melon, vegetable, and generation", so that the school could tide over the difficulties and maintain a relatively normal education and teaching order. In 1960, the school put forward the eight-character learning style of "hard work, diligence, pragmatism and meticulousness", formulated the "Class Teacher Work Rules" and "Teaching Work Rules", and paid close attention to teaching work. School leaders went deep into the front line of teaching to listen to lessons, lead lessons, and participate in the teaching and research activities of the teaching and research group. In the 1960-1961 school year, the party branch of the school formulated a work plan of "grasping ideology, grasping life, grasping the graduation class, and vigorously improving the quality of education". On this basis, the school is committed to improving the quality of education with teaching as the center. After the efforts of teachers and students, in the autumn of 1961, 75 high school graduates in the first class were admitted to colleges and universities, and 25 were admitted to colleges and universities. In 1964, although the school's work was interfered with by the "left" ideology, 49 students still entered colleges and universities in the college entrance examination that year. In 1965, the school continued to strengthen the teaching reform, adopting the methods of "three combinations" and "four inspections" to grasp teaching management. Specifically, leaders, teachers, and students are combined to check and prepare lessons by reviewing the lesson plan, absorbing students' opinions through listening to lectures to check classroom teaching, mastering the homework correction through homework inspection, and reflecting the reform and teaching effect of inspection examination methods through examinations and students. Due to the real work, the quality of teaching has improved significantly. In 1965, the college entrance examination was on the higher level, and 56 students were admitted to colleges and universities, accounting for 50% of the number of candidates that year; student Shi Jimin was admitted to Peking University, becoming the first student admitted to Peking University. This period is known as the "golden age" before the "Cultural Revolution" in Shiyi Middle School. In 1965, the school was identified as one of the 37 key middle schools in Shaanxi Province.