In the spring of 1583, the 24-year-old Nurhaci waited anxiously outside Gulzhai because his grandfather and father had gone into the city to persuade him to surrender, and the war was about to break out.
Outside the city, he saw nikan Wailan, the lord of the city of Tulum in the Same Tribe's Suksu Hubu, luring Atai Kaicheng, and suddenly the city gates were wide open, and the Ming army began to slaughter the city after the invasion, his grandfather and father were also killed as rebels, and he and his brother were also wrapped up in the defeated army, and they were in a precarious situation. The only one who felt fortunate that he and his brother were let go by Li Chengliang's wife was also a blessing in misfortune, and on the way back, Nurhaci did not say a word, suppressing the anger in his heart, but the seeds of inner revenge were quietly planted, and on the way back, he was supported by Er Yi and others, and he raised an army with the thirteen pairs of armor left by his grandfather and father to avenge his grandfather! After returning to Jianzhou, Nurhaci sent people to question Ming officials why they killed innocents indiscriminately, and then the Ming Dynasty only returned the body of his grandfather and gave him a false title of "Dragon and Tiger General". Nurhaci realized that with his current strength, the Ming Dynasty would not have any attention, and his hatred for the Ming Dynasty could only be buried in his heart first, and now the most important thing was to increase his own strength, and Er's increase in strength could only be through war, first of all, he thought of his father's enemy Nikan Wailan! At this time, he also had the idea of unifying the Jurchens of Jianzhou in his heart, and a northern eagle was slowly taking off!
Jianzhou Jurchen was in a geographical location at that time
At that time, there were eight tribes in Jianzhou, namely the Hunhe Department, the Suksu Moat Department, the Zhechen Department, the Guanyan Department, the Dong'e Department, the Yalu River Department, the Neyin Department, and the Zhusheli Department, and Nurhaci himself belonged to the Hunhe Tribe, and his enemy Nikan Wailan was the Jurchen Alliance Lord supported by the Ming Dynasty, but Nurhaci still took his thirty troops to unite with the other three city lords, about a hundred people, launched three attacks on Nikan Wailan, and ran to the Ming border city for the last time. In the end, Nurhaci sent a subordinate named Jaisa into the city with 45 people to kill his father and enemies, after this battle Nurhaci's strength and fame increased greatly, began to gradually unify the Jurchen departments, through five years to unify the first five departments of Jianzhou, basically unified the Jianzhou Jurchen, Nurhaci's strength can not be underestimated, in order to win him the Ming Dynasty in 1589 was named the governor of Jianyou, General Dragon and Tiger, at this moment his heart is not satisfied with the unification of the Jianzhou Jurchen, but the entire Jurchen, and then the entire northeast, It is not just demographic unity, but the unity of all aspects of the economy and culture.
Xiao Yong was a warrior of the Jurchens, who later became the Eight Banner Soldiers
In 1591, Nurhaci marched eastward and captured the Yalu River, and by the end of 1593, the Changbai Mountain Department had been incorporated into its sphere of influence, and in 1593, just when Nurhaci was conquering to the east, the haixi Jurchen Yehe chief Buzhai joined forces with Horqin, Ula and nine other departments to attack Jianzhou, and the two sides fought at Gule Mountain. Nurhaci concentrated his forces and defeated the nine allied forces, but Nurhaci also found that the haixi women's real strength was strong, it was difficult to conquer quickly, so he adopted the policy of long-distance and close-range attack, on the basis of temporary submission to the Ming Dynasty, far from the Mongolian Korean friendship, close to the Haixi jurchens' relatively strong Yehe, Ula erbu, little by little disintegrated the strength of the Haixi jurchens, in 1599 Nurhaci adopted the Mongolian script and added letters to the Manchu language, in 1601 Nurhaci went to Beijing to pay tribute to the Ming Dynasty. You can imagine how he felt when he saw the golden and brilliant city of Beijing! But now the time was far from ripe, no matter how eager he was in his heart, on the surface he was still in awe and bowed down, and he knew that doing so was the right choice. In 1601, with the continuous improvement of the number and strength of the army, the reorganization was reorganized, with Niu Lu Erzhen, Jia La Erzhen, and Gushan Erzhen as the leaders, and the first yellow, white, red, and blue four-color flags. In 1615, 4 periods of yellow, white, red, and blue were added, and the eight-stage system was implemented, and Ding Zhuang was a soldier in wartime and a civilian in peacetime, which greatly improved the combat effectiveness of the army.
Eight Flags Armor
In 1603, the capital was moved to Hetuala, until 1615, the year before Nurhaci established the Jin Dynasty, the governor of Jiliao also expressed to the imperial court his "only orders are subordinate" To see the shortcomings of the Ming Dynasty's Liaodong border government affairs, you can also see how perfect Nurhaci's ambitions are hidden, in 1616 Nurhaci in Hetuala called "the heroic Khan of the overthrowing nations", the national name "Dajin", the history called Houjin, the year name of the Mandate of Heaven, at this time Nurhaci has conquered most of the Jurchen tribes.
On April 13, 1618, three years after the Mandate of Heaven, Nurhaci "swore an oath to heaven" and read out a letter of apology for the Ming Dynasty that had "seven great hatreds", rebelling against the Ming Dynasty, and the political nature of the "Seven Great Hates" was far greater than that of emotion, which was intended to provoke hatred within the Jurchens against the Central Plains, thus achieving Nurhaci's own political ambitions. Nurhaci led 20,000 infantry to launch an attack on the Ming Dynasty, after occupying Fushun and Qinghe, preparing to attack Liaoyang and Shenyang, but due to insufficient troops, the flanks were threatened by Ye Hebu, and at the same time, the Ming Dynasty had reinforced Liaodong, which was convenient for the initiative to retreat in September of the same year, seeing that Nurhachi's army was so strong, Ming Shenzong realized that the situation was serious, and sent yang hao, the left attendant of the army, as the Liaodong Jingluo, to preside over the use of troops against Jin, in the first month of 1619, Yang Hao summoned the governor Wang Keshou, patrolled Zhou Yongchun, and inspected Chen Wangting, and decided to divide the army into four roads. It is said that there are 470,000 soldiers. Yang Ho sat in Shenyang and unified his command.
Great Battle salhu
Before the four-way Ming army went to war, the battle attempt had been known to Nurhaci, believing that the Ming army's north and south roads were far away, and the mountain and water barriers could not arrive on time, so they first defeated the soldiers in the middle of the road, taking the policy of concentrating troops, breaking one road, and other roads not attacking themselves, 100,000 troops gathered near the capital, ready to fight, after learning that The Juniper troops went out of Fushun Pass to the east, but the progress was too fast, the position was prominent, the so-called gun shot the head bird, Juniper was also determined to make a contribution, and marched quickly, Nurhaci decided to concentrate the Eight Banners of Troops to meet the Juniper Army, the first day of March, Juniper marched to Salhu, divided into two, with the main force stationed near Salhu, personally led 10,000 people to attack Jilin Cliff, Nurhaci saw That Juniper's lone army go deeper, and also divided into two, on the one hand, sent troops to reinforce Jilin Cliff, on the other hand, personally led the Eight Banner Army 45,000 to attack the Juniper Army, the next day, the two armies engaged, the Mingxi Route Army was completely destroyed, after defeating Juniper, Nurhachi's troops went north, and the main general of the MingBei Road Army, Ma Lin, led several horses to escape back to Kaiyuan, and the whole army was destroyed. Ye He's reinforcements heard of the ming army's defeat and immediately retreated to Ye He. After Nurhaci defeated the Northern Route Army, he immediately moved his troops south, using the method of enticing, the vanguard troops were ambushed, Nurhaci led his troops to pursue the follow-up troops, the main general Liu Lingzhan died, until Du Song, after the defeat of Ma Lin, Yang Hao hurriedly transferred Li Rubai back to the division, and then Nurhaci zhi took Kaiyuan, Tieling, the Ming Dynasty lost the defense in Liaodong after the Jinxi barrier, and then Ye Hebu was isolated and helpless.
In the sixth year of the Mandate of Heaven (1621), Nurhaci moved the capital to Liaoyang and built the city of Tokyo. In the seventh year of the Mandate of Heaven (1622), Nurhaci captured the important town of Guangning (present-day Beizhen City, Liaoning) in western Liaoning, followed by a series of attacks on more than 40 castles in western Liaoning, such as Yizhou, Jinzhou, and Dalinghe. Xiong Tingbi and Wang Huazhen led the remnants of the Ming army to Shanhaiguan, and in March of the tenth year of the Mandate of Heaven (1625), Nurhaci moved the capital to Shenyang.
Great Ying Khan Nurhaci
In January of the eleventh year of the Mandate of Heaven (1626), Nurhaci launched the Battle of Ningyuan, the Ming Dynasty defender Yuan Chonghuan defeated with portuguese Hongyi cannons, retired to Shengjing, the eleventh year of the Mandate of Heaven (1626) in July Nurhachi suffered from drug gangrene, in early August his illness turned critical, on August 11, he died of illness at the age of 68 in the Ling'enmen Chicken Fort of Wufuling, and Nurhaci was buried in Shenyang "Fuling", the temple number "Taizu".
Nurhaci has been besieging the city and plundering the land all his life, like an eagle soaring in the sky, and the eagle landing is also the end of an era, and he has never touched the Shanhaiguan that haunts his soul in his whole life, and it seems that it can only be completed by his descendants!
Code words are not easy, see this on a thumbs up, leave a concern about it [cute]