△ The national emblem of the People's Republic of China issued by the Central People's Government in 1950
A hundred years of the Communist Party of China
On September 20, 1950, Mao Zedong issued an order to publish the national emblem of the People's Republic of China. As early as June 1949, the first meeting of the Standing Committee of the Preparatory Committee of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference put the design of the national emblem on the agenda, and after the founding of New China, Premier Zhou Enlai directly led the work. A design competition for the national emblem scheme by two design groups composed of Liang Sicheng, Lin Huiyin, Mo Zongjiang and others from the Department of Architecture of Tsinghua University and Zhang Tong and Zhong Ling of the Central Academy of Fine Arts began.
△ The teachers and students of the Department of Architecture of Tsinghua University took a group photo when designing the national emblem pattern, which truly reproduced more than ten schemes designed that year.
Qin Youguo, former dean of the School of Architecture of Tsinghua University: On October 23, 1949, Mr. Lin Huiyin and Mr. Mo Zongjiang of the Department of Architecture of Tsinghua University jointly submitted a plan for a national emblem, and in the first half of 1950, the design team led by Zhang Tong made a globe (pattern) and changed it to Tiananmen.
In order to design a more perfect national emblem pattern and be able to use it on the first anniversary of the National Day, experts worked around the clock.
△ Liang Sicheng was sick in bed with Lin Huiyin to discuss the design of the national emblem
Qin Youguo, former dean of the School of Architecture of Tsinghua University: Mr. Lin (HuiYin) was in class when she was in class, she was pulled by a rickshaw, and when she was pulled to the bottom of the building, the students carried her on their backs and carried her upstairs.
In the process of design, Premier Zhou Enlai suggested that the entire national emblem should reflect the upward, loud and upright tone and atmosphere, and also design the pattern of rice ears into the national emblem.
△ Zhou Enlai and experts reviewed the design plan of the national emblem
Movie "National Emblem":
Zhou Enlai: China's one south and one north are mainly wheat and rice.
Ma Sulun, head of the Sixth Group of the Preparatory Group for the New CPPCC: Are you saying that there should be not only ears of wheat, but also ears of rice?
Zhou Enlai: For rice sorghum.
On June 23, 1950, the Second Session of the First National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was held, and Mao Zedong presided over the adoption of the resolution, and all the deputies unanimously adopted the national emblems of Liang Sicheng, Lin Huiyin and others. The national emblem contains the national flag, Tiananmen Square, gears and ears of wheat and rice, symbolizing the new democratic revolutionary struggle of the Chinese people since the May Fourth Movement and the birth of a new China under the people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants.
△Central Academy of Fine Arts Program (June 15, 1950)
Since then, Gao Zhuang, a sculpture professor at the Department of Architecture and Construction of Tsinghua University, has undertaken the task of making the national emblem from a flat pattern into a three-dimensional relief model. In order to make the national emblem more solemn, clearer and more in line with the application conditions, Gao Zhuang modified the details of the national emblem pattern.
Tsinghua University Plan (June 17, 1950)
Qin Youguo, former dean of the School of Architecture of Tsinghua University: So from the drawing to a relief, in fact, the most difficult thing is how to deal with this ear of rice and wheat on both sides. Rice you have to put it completely upright, and like wheat, it does not conform to the shape of the rice itself. Therefore, Gaozhuang is carefully arranged and modified by grain by grain of wheat rice grain.
Some people believed that the national emblem pattern had been approved and should not be modified again, so Gao Zhuang wrote a letter to Mao Zedong to state the reasons for the modification. After receiving the letter, Mao Zedong attached great importance to it and entrusted Peng Zhen and Kang Keqing to listen to Gao Zhuang's explanation of the change in design. After understanding the specific situation, they conveyed Mao Zedong's opinion: You boldly changed well, I wish you success. On August 18, 1950, the final design scheme of the three-dimensional relief model of the national emblem created by Gao Zhuang was adopted.
△ Mao Zedong issued an order to publish the national emblem of the People's Republic of China.
On September 20, 1950, the "Order of Chairman Mao Zedong of the Central People's Government on promulgating the national emblem of the People's Republic of China" was promulgated, and the national emblem of the People's Republic of China, which attracted worldwide attention, was announced.
Edited by Yanting Chen