In 1988, Li Yun, a 73-year-old veteran party member and a senior agent on the hidden front of our party, said in an interview with reporters: "If it were not for a central chief who told me that the confidentiality period of the 'Central Special Branch' has passed, I can talk about it, and I would have taken this experience to see Marx." ”
What exactly is the secret incident in Li Yun's mouth? What little-known history is hidden in this?
01
In 1935, Li Yun, an intelligence officer at the Shanghai office of the Central Special Branch, received an order. This instruction was given to her by her superior, Xu Qiang, who was also her lover, to go to the wandering children in the area of Lao Ximen and find two martyr children, the eldest about thirteen or fourteen years old, the youngest about eleven or twelve years old, with a Hunan accent.
At that time, Li Yun did not know that the children of the two martyrs in Xu Qiang's mouth were Mao Zedong's children, Mao Anying and Mao Anqing.
This matter should start from the tragic childhood of the brothers.
In 1922, Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui's first child was born in Changsha, Hunan Province, and Mao Zedong was full of joy in his heart and named the child Mao Anying. Shore, the meaning of tall, majestic shore, the meaning of heroism, the meaning of intelligence, the name of shore Ying, pinned on Mao Zedong's ardent hope.
Due to the needs of revolutionary work, Mao Zedong often traveled throughout the country, so Mao Anying, who was still in his infancy, also drifted around with his parents and went to Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Wuhan.
In 1927, Chiang Kai-shek betrayed the revolution and aimed his butcher's knife at the Communists, and the Revolution was defeated. At this time, Mao Zedong shouted the slogan "power out of the barrel of a gun" with a shocking weather, pointing out a path for the precarious Chinese revolution.
Later, a huge peasant uprising broke out in the Xianggan land, and it was Mao Zedong who led this uprising, which was also called the autumn harvest uprising because it was held during the autumn harvest.
After the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Mao Zedong took his troops to Jinggangshan, and subsequently, Zhu De also brought the troops of the Nanchang Uprising to Jinggangshan. Zhu Mao will meet the teacher, and the Chinese revolution will begin to enter a new stage.
Therefore, Mao Zedong, Zhu De, and other leaders have also become a thorn in the eye of warlords at all levels, down to Chiang Kai-shek and down to Hunan, and they will stab in the flesh, and they will want to get rid of them quickly. Chiang Kai-shek even offered a reward of 250,000 oceans for Zhu and Mao's heads, which shows his madness.
Mao Zedong fully considered these dangers before he began. Before the uprising, he secretly sent his wife Yang Kaihui and his three children to the home of his father-in-law Yang Changji for refuge. Who would have thought that the separation of husband and wife would become a farewell forever.
In 1930, He Jian, chairman of the Kuomintang Hunan Province, repeatedly failed in the battle against the Red Army at Jinggangshan, and in a fit of rage, he aimed his gun at the unarmed family members of the Red Army. As the leader of the Red Army, Mao Zedong's relatives naturally became the primary target of He Jian's revenge.
He Jian sent people to find out that Yang Kaihui was hiding in his hometown of Bancang County, so he sent someone to arrest him. On November 14, the indomitable Yang Kaihui was killed by the Kuomintang in Changsha. After Yang Kaihui became righteous, he left behind three lonely children, Mao Anying, Mao Anqing and Mao Anyong, who were taken to the home by their grandmother Xiang Zhenxi for protection.
After hearing the news of Yang Kaihui's execution, Mao Zedong was very sad in his heart and wrote: Kaihui's death is irreparable. For the safety of his three sons, he wrote to his mother-in-law Xiang Zhenxi, asking her to send the three children to Shanghai, where they were relatively safe under the protection of the underground party.
After the Spring Festival in 1931, 60-year-old Xiang Zhenxi and his daughter-in-law Li Chongde, with three children, first made a train from Changsha to Wuhan, then changed ships to Wuhan, and finally arrived in Shanghai.
At that time, Mao Zemin, mao Zedong's brother and then the minister of finance of the Central Committee, happened to be running errands in Shanghai, so the three children were sent to Mao Zemin. Mao Zemin took the Mao Anying brothers to Datong Kindergarten. When they were separated, Mao Zemin told them to study hard here, listen to the teacher, and your uncle will come to see you again.
Datong Kindergarten is a kindergarten run by Zhou Enlai in the French Concession in Shanghai, which specializes in adopting the children of martyrs. The children of senior leaders of our party who sacrificed their lives, such as Peng Peng, Yun Daiying and others, were taken into this kindergarten. After entering the kindergarten, the Mao Anying brothers can not only receive education, but also be protected by Teko.
In this way, the Mao Anying brothers and others began to study and live in Datong Kindergarten.
02
At that time, the person in charge of Datong Kindergarten was Dong Jianwu, known as the "Red Priest", whose public identity was the pastor of St. Peter's Church in Shanghai, but was actually an underground intelligence officer of Teco.
In Datong Kindergarten, the Mao Anying brothers no longer have to worry about fear, nor do they have to worry about eating and wearing, and the kindergarten teachers are also very kind, which is a rare happy time in their lives. However, the good times did not last long.
In April 1931, Gu Shunzhang, the head of the Central Special Branch, was arrested for defection, and in June, General Secretary Xiang Zhongfa was arrested for defection. After these two men defected, they completely exposed our party's underground intelligence network, causing great losses to Shanghai's intelligence network and making the situation very dangerous.
Although Dong Jianwu took cover as a priest, he was still suspected by Kuomintang agents. During this period, Dong Jianwu received a threatening letter warning him not to take in children of unknown origin, otherwise they would be treated as "common communists".
The rented patrol house also often came to the kindergarten to interrogate and ask the parents of these children who they were and what they did, and the situation became increasingly tense.
One night, Mao Anlong suddenly developed a high fever, vomiting, the nursery staff immediately sent him to Guangci Hospital, diagnosed with bacterial dysentery, but in the end it was ineffective to rescue and die, and the three brothers were left with only Kishi Ying and Kishi Qing.
In March 1932, guan Heying, a nursery clerk at the kindergarten, went out to run an errand and suddenly disappeared, and many parties could not be contacted. After analysis, the special agents were likely to have been captured by the enemy. In this severe situation, in order to ensure the safety of the children, Tektron decided to immediately dissolve Datong Kindergarten.
For these adopted children, three methods of evacuation are adopted: those who have a home to return to their homes are sent home; those who are homeless but have relatives and friends run to relatives and friends; and those who are homeless and have no relatives and friends are entrusted to reliable families with party relations.
Mao Anying and Mao Anqing belong to the third type, and Teko decides to entrust them to Dong Jianwu to raise. In this way, Mao Anying and Mao Anqing came to Dong Jianwu's home and lived for about a year and a half from 1932 to the autumn of 1933.
Dong Jianwu took good care of Mao Anying and Mao Anqing's brothers, not only making them full and warmly dressed, but also often taking them to the movies. The Mao Anying brothers had a good life in Dong Jianwu's house.
However, Dong Jianwu's family is an important contact point for Shanghai Special Branch, and people come and go, and they are still close to renting patrol houses. Raising two Hunan-speaking children in his home can easily make outsiders suspicious, and once they are interrogated by secret agents, the consequences are unimaginable.
After much deliberation, Teco thought that it was still not suitable to live in Dong Jianwu's house, so he asked Dong Jianwu to find another place for the Mao Anying brothers.
Dong Jianwu thought about it, but there was no safe and hidden place, and finally entrusted the two children to his ex-wife Huang Huiguang to raise. Of course, it is not said to be Mao Zedong's child, only a friend's child.
03
Huang Huiguang originally had four children in the family, and now with the addition of two Mao Anying brothers, he has to raise six children at once, which is really a lot of pressure for a woman. Fortunately, Dong Jianwu can receive 30 yuan a month from Special Branch to Give Huang Huifang as the living expenses of two small children, so life is still passable.
At the same time, however, the Kuomintang secret service is gradually intensifying its crackdown on our party's Shanghai intelligence network
The agents of the Central Unification took the means of "cell infiltration" to attack Shanghai Teco. The so-called "cell infiltration" means that after catching a person, he is not escorted back to prison, directly taken to a nearby hotel for surprise interrogation, quickly handles the procedures for secret self-surrender, and then immediately releases, lurks in the system to continue working, and other comrades do not know that this person has defected.
These renegade traitors were like necrotic cells, eroding the entire intelligence network, and in the end, the intelligence personnel of our party were basically controlled by the Central Command.
As the report of the Central Command said:
"This roundabout and secret offensive against the Communists, from September 1933 to the end of 1934, when the results were checked, identified 485 Communist cadres, of whom 183 had been assigned our task. Thus, the general activities of the Communist Party in Shanghai have been restored to the point of being fully understood. ”
Under such tactics, our Party's underground intelligence network in Shanghai was almost destroyed. The famous Special Branch "Red Team", the Operations Section, was destroyed by the "cells" sent by the Central Command, and all the members of the team were captured on the street within a day. Captain Gong Changrong was shot, and most of the rest of the members were killed.
From June 1934 to February 1935, the Shanghai Central Bureau suffered three major damages, three secretaries were arrested, and the party members and cadres suffered huge losses. Only some cadres from various shanghai systems can be transferred to form temporary teams to temporarily assume the leadership work of the Shanghai Central Bureau.
However, on July 22, 1935, the Shanghai Provisional Central Bureau was again greatly damaged by Kuomintang agents, and more than 30 organs were searched, and 39 people, including the person in charge of PuHuaren, were arrested. Under these circumstances, in order to avoid the continued expansion of losses, the Central Committee decided to abolish the Shanghai Provisional Central Bureau and the Central Special Branch, and the remaining Party members and cadres were transferred out of Shanghai.
As a result, the monthly payment to the Mao Anying brothers in the organization was also interrupted. To make matters worse, Dong Jianwu himself resigned from the priesthood of the church because of his "red" suspicions, and he had no financial resources. Moreover, because his introduction to the party, Urawa Kawahito, was arrested and had to be hidden.
Dong Kengo
04
Huang Huiguang, who has no source of living expenses, alone with his four children and two Hunan dolls who are "from an unknown source", has an extremely difficult life, worrying all day long, and moving with a little wind and grass.
At this time, the two brothers of Mao Anying were also playful age groups and often ran out to play, which made Huang Huiguang very annoyed. She was afraid that her brothers would cause trouble outside and cause her trouble, so sometimes when she was angry, she would scold them.
For this experience, Mao Anying later recalled to his wife Liu Siqi:
"After we arrived in Shanghai, we stayed in the kindergarten for a while, and I seem to have told you that one day Shore Dragon's bed was empty, and we have never seen him again.
Soon, the kindergarten was dissolved, and we lived in the house of a priest for a short time, and we were sent to the home of his eldest wife (not actually the eldest wife, dong Jianwu's ex-wife), whose surname was Huang. The eldest wife has several children, there is a son younger than us, he always bullied us, especially Shore Qing, Shore Qing and stubborn, so often beaten, I and Shore Green slept in a small dark house under the stairs, I later learned that the hut is a place to put brooms and mops. ”
The brothers Huang Huiguang's family was often beaten and scolded, especially Mao Anqing, and Huang Huiguang would sometimes hit him on the back of the head with a heavy object, resulting in serious sequelae later.
In this case, Mao Anying, who has strong self-esteem and a stubborn temper, in order to protect his brother, took Mao Anqing away from Huang Huifang's house in a huff and came to wander the street.
After Dong Jianwu learned that the Two Mao Anying brothers had run away from home, he was very anxious and immediately informed Teko through secret channels.
At that time, the Shanghai Provisional Central Committee and the Central Special Branch were abolished, and most of the remaining party members and cadres were withdrawn, leaving only one office in Shanghai, with General Chu Jifu in charge, Xu Qiang in charge of intelligence work, and Li Yun as Xu Qiang's wife.
Xu Qiang ordered people to find out the whereabouts of Mao Anying's brothers, including his wife Li Yun. Of course, he did not say that he was looking for Mao Zedong's children, but only the children of two martyrs.
Li Yun
05
Here I would like to introduce Li Yun.
At that time, Li Yun was only 20 years old, and now, she is just a little girl chasing dramas and visiting shopping malls. But that era was different from now, and many people dedicated their youth to the revolution very early on and fought for the revolutionary cause, and Li Yun was one of them.
At the age of fourteen, Li Yun joined the Chinese Communist Youth League and was elected president of the student council, in charge of student affairs. After graduating from elementary school the following year, at the age of fifteen, she threw herself into the vigorous revolution and became an underground worker.
After Gu Shunzhang's rebellion in 1931, Teco was temporarily put in charge of Chen Yun. In order to make the work go smoothly, Chen Yun decided to use a batch of fresh blood that Gu Shunzhang did not master to supplement Teco, and It was at this time that Li Yun joined Teco.
Li Yun, who had just joined the Central Special Branch, was curious about the CCP's most mysterious organization, but his one-line leader, and later her husband Xu Qiang, told her:
"The most important discipline of Teco is that you should know, and your superiors will tell you that you shouldn't know and ask anything."
At that time, Li Yun was still a young girl under the age of eighteen, but the most important criterion of "keeping your mouth shut and resolutely obeying" was already deeply rooted in her bones. In her future intelligence work, she has always taken this as the first criterion of her work.
So, when her husband Xu Qiang told her to look for two hours, she accepted the task without saying a word. Later, Li Yun recalled:
"At that time, the situation was quite grim, the Shanghai Central Bureau was repeatedly destroyed, and most of the members of the 'Special Branch' withdrew from Shanghai, leaving us unexposed comrades to insist on fighting, the chief responsible person was Churchiff, and my husband Xu Qiang was in charge of intelligence work and was also my direct leader. One day, Xu Qiang suddenly asked me to help find two boys, the eldest was about thirteen or fourteen years old, and the younger was about eleven or twelve years old. Regarding the identity of the child, he only said that he was the son of a martyr and ran away from the family of the adopter. ”
Teko judged that Mao Anying and Mao Should have wandered around the neighborhood and did not go far. Therefore, people were arranged to search for the area near Huang Huiguang's home, and the area where Li Yun was assigned was the area around the old West Gate. In this way, Li Yun risked his life to start the search for people.
Some people may say that there is any danger in finding someone, but to say that it is not deep enough to understand the era. At that time, Shanghai was shrouded in white terror, and the eyeliner of Kuomintang agents was everywhere. Xiang Zhongfa came out of his home and was so good at taking a taxi on the street that he was discovered by the agents and was arrested.
And Li Yun, a 20-year-old little girl with glasses and quiet text, is going to look for two children with Hunan accents, and you can imagine how dangerous it is.
Li Yun later recalled this search process and said:
"I was also confused, so I could only look for it in a place where there were many wandering children." For example, there is a 'rice bag' specially delivered to people near the Baxian Bridge small vegetable market, often taking leftovers to give alms to beggars, and at noon the wandering children flock to grab rice to eat; there are also trampoline bridges, where many stray children who help rickshaw drivers push carts to the bridge to earn copper plates ... .
In the end how many places have been found, I can't remember clearly, I only remember that in order not to expose my identity, I don't dare to inquire casually, I can only stand on the side of the road to secretly observe, and one stop is half a day. In this way, I ran back and forth for more than half a year, but I didn't look for it. I had doubted whether the child had been kidnapped by the enemy, but Xu Qiang said that he had checked the police station and patrol room in Shanghai through the internal line to confirm that the child had not been arrested and should still be wandering. ”
Finally, in the summer of 1936, there was a clue that two children lived in a ruined temple, and their ages, appearance, and accents were basically in line. Li Yun went to see it, but he couldn't be sure, so he reported it to Teko, and Teco sent Feng Xuefeng to contact it.
Regarding the specific situation at that time, Mao Xinyu described it as follows in the book "My Uncle Mao Anying":
On this day, an elderly man in the broken temple dressed as a worker came, and he talked to the two children in Hunan dialect, always chatting around "Where are you from?" "Where are the parents?" "Why aren't you at home?" Wait for family circumstances and life to turn around.
The little brothers were very alert because they had encountered too many things in their wanderings, and my uncle (Mao Anying) even quietly prepared two bricks behind him... But gradually, he felt that this old worker's uncle not only had a kind face and a kind tone, but also had a very kind heart, and he finally understood that this man was sent by his relatives to find their brothers...
In this way, the two Mao Anying brothers were finally re-found by the organization after nearly a year of wandering.
At that time, General Li Du of the Northeast Army was about to go to the Soviet Union under the pretext of going to Europe to investigate and gather the old headquarters of the Northeast Army. Therefore, the party organization entrusted the Mao Anying brothers to General Li Du and brought the two children to the Soviet Union.
Since then, Mao Anying and Mao Anying have finally ended their wandering life of displacement and fear.
06
Mao Zedong knew the suffering of the Mao Anying brothers, but the revolutionary cause had a long way to go, and as the leader of the party, he could only silently put his thoughts and concerns about his sons in his heart.
Shortly after Mao Anying arrived in the Soviet Union, someone sent Mao Zedong several photos of their brothers, and when Mao Zedong received them, he was very happy and immediately wrote to them:
"Dear Kishi Ei, Kishi Ei,
I miss you a lot, I know that you are in a good situation, I have made progress, and I am very happy to receive your pictures. I would like to send this letter to you because of my convenience. I look forward to your letter! "
Although it is only a few words, it is not difficult to see a father's concern for his son from the words.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Mao Anying once watched the movie "Sanmao Wandering" with his lover Liu Siqi, when others left the scene, he did not move for a long time, when Liu Siqi looked at him, he found that he was already in tears, saying:
"Except for being adopted by capitalists, I have experienced all the things that Sanmao has experienced."
During his time in the Soviet Union, Mao Anying not only studied seriously, but also signed up to join the army, participated in the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, and was received by Stalin. After the end of World War II in 1945, Mao Anying returned to his homeland and was reunited with his father. But Mao Zedong did not selfishly keep Mao Anying by his side, but let him go to the grassroots level to experience, to contact the peasants and workers, to understand the most real situation in China.
After the outbreak of the Korean War, Mao Anying was the first to sign up and became the first volunteer under Peng Dehuai. A month after entering the DPRK, Mao Anying was killed in a US bombing and sacrificed his young and precious life.
The childhood experience of the Mao Anying brothers not only made us feel sympathy and sadness, but also experienced the hardships of the revolutionaries of that era. Chairman Mao has lost too much for the sake of the revolutionary cause and for the sake of New China!