<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > Yao Shunyu, the bloody Zen Rang</h1>
Text/Guo Feng (Columnist of The Book of Books)
How old was the ancient Tang Dynasty?
Its core area is also the Linfen Basin, which is 10,000 square kilometers and has a population of less than 200,000. There were about a dozen tribes below, one tribe about 1200 square kilometers, similar to a county today, with a population of 10,000. Of course, there are 20,000 people in large and small tribes, and 5,000 people in small tribes.
Below the tribe is the village community, a village community of about 50 square kilometers, equivalent to the current township, a thousand people.
At that time, the country could not be called a "country", but a tribal alliance.
The ancient Yu Kingdom, the Ancient Xia Kingdom, and the Ancient Tang Kingdom were similar in size and population to the Ancient Tang Kingdom, but their skills were inferior to those of people, and they could only submit.
Model of an ancient prehistoric village.
The relationship between the ancient Tang Dynasty and the ancient Yu Kingdom, the Ancient Xia Kingdom, and the Ancient Tang Kingdom is a bit like the relationship between the Ming and Qing Dynasties and Korea, Vietnam, and Ryukyu, which is a clan relationship.
North Korea and Vietnam recognize China as the suzerainty, they are vassal states, every New Year's Festival to send some local specialties, that is, tribute, on this point of benefit, you want to go to Vietnam to levy some taxes, levy some soldiers, there is no door.
When Japan invaded Korea, France invaded Vietnam, you had to take out the big brother's pie, otherwise how could you mix in the jianghu in the future?
"Big brother, I've been beaten, get angry with my brother."
Therefore, in the year of the Wanli Dynasty, the War of Resistance Against Japan and Aid Korea, the Year of Guangxu, the War to Resist France and Aid Vietnam, and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, there have been more such things in history.
After a long time, China has inertial thinking: we are the suzerainty, surrounded by barbarian lands, Yidi, and they have come to the heavenly kingdom to pay tribute.
In 1793, the British envoy Magalney sent an envoy to the Qing Empire to seek trade between the two countries, and the gifts brought to the Qianlong Emperor were:
Giant artillery, battleships with 110 guns (model), giant hot air balloons (model), steam engines, looms, cotton spinning machines, clocks, and celestial models, which can imitate the movement of the planets in the solar system, and even calculate solar and lunar eclipses, a total of 19 cases, more than 590 pieces, reflecting the highest technology in Europe at that time.
Magalni arrived in Tianjin, and the Qing officials said, get off the boat, your boat is too big, take our small boat.
Magalni took a court boat and walked along the canal toward Beijing. A large flag was planted at the bow of the ship, and four large characters were written on it, and the wind beckoned, and other ships avoided it when they saw it. Macartney thought, quasi is the "British Empire" 4 big words, you see how majestic our British Empire is.
Magalni was very proud and asked the Qing officials, what are those 4 words?
In fact, it is asked knowingly, and it has the meaning of showing off.
"Ying Yi Tribute Envoy."
"Huh? Protest, protest, I am not here to pay tribute, I am here for diplomacy, equal diplomacy! ”
"You red haired man, where did you come from?" You are not here to pay tribute, what are you here to do? ”
"Protest, we are equal, we british empire want to do business with your Qing empire."
"Our Qing Empire has nothing strange, what do you want, do mao business?" Shout again, believe it or not Lao Tzu kicked you in the river. ”
I think back then, our Qing Empire was also quite powerful.
Magalni sent an envoy to the Qing Empire, repeatedly pestering the little thing of kneeling and not kneeling.
Lao Guo said history, just like the Chinese football team, aimlessly carrying the ball on the field, with it, it is taken out of bounds.
Lao Guo said that this period of Magalni's mission to the Qing Empire was to allow you to more truly understand the relationship between the clan and the clan.
The relationship between the ancient Tang Kingdom and the other Three Eastern Qiang kingdoms is like this clan relationship.
In order to win over the other 3 kingdoms, the ancient Tang Kingdom and their extensive marriage, reflected in the myths and legends, is that Yao married the two daughters of Emperor E and Nüying to Shun.
The hegemony of the Tang State lasted for 200 years, from 4300 to 4100 years ago.
How do you know?
archaeology.
As mentioned earlier, there were 6 emperor-level tombs in the early days of the Tao Temple site, which is the 6 generations of Yao Kings, and each Yao King's tomb was buried with a dragon disk, which was like the Jiuding of the later generations, which was exclusive to the emperor.
A dragon plate excavated from the ruins of Tao Temple.
The dragon in the dragon's disk is not so much a dragon as a snake, and if you look at it, it is a snake.
6 generations of Yao kings, if each generation averages 30 years, it is 180 years.
Archaeology found that around 4100 years ago, 6 imperial tombs were deliberately destroyed, the tomb passage was dug up, and the burial items were smashed, but no bones were involved, and the damage was not very serious. In addition, the 560,000-square-meter city site in the early and middle period was abandoned, the city walls were pickpocketed, and the palace was destroyed. At the same time, in the southwest of this ancient city, a new city of 2 million square meters was built, and in the southwest of the new city, a new aristocratic burial area was built, with hundreds of tombs.
Obviously, the dynasty has changed.
It was the State of Yu in the Yuncheng Basin south of the ancient Tang Dynasty that came to change the dynasty.
The Linfen Basin, where the Tang Kingdom is located, and the Yuncheng Basin, where the Yu Kingdom is located, are actually one basin, the Fenhe Basin. But in the middle of the uplift is a mountain, Emei Mountain, which is not high, two or three hundred meters, like a wall, separating a basin into two basins in the north and south.
Yu, on the top is the tiger head, indicating a tiger; below is "Wu", pictographic, is a person with a big head. Together, the big-headed man is holding a tiger.
It's like the nuó drama in the south, and the Tibetans have similar dramas, wearing masks on their heads, often in the form of beasts and ghosts, very vicious and frightening.
This man is a wizard, a jumping god, and also a tribal leader, in ancient times, only the tribal leader was theosophical, talking to God, presiding over religious sacrifice ceremonies, and unifying religion and state.
Puppet mask.
Playing tricks, wearing masks on the head, is actually a "Yu".
The emperor of the Kingdom of Yu was called Shun, and was one of the emperors named Shun? Or is it that, like the ancient Tang Dynasty, all the emperors are called Shun?
I don't know, perhaps, Shun is just one of the emperors who has done something.
Shun, is a kind of grass, not ordinary grass, is an herb.
Why is herb a tribal leader?
In ancient times, there was no distinction between healers and witches, and wizards were also doctors. Now say, you are superstitious, no way, in ancient times, doctors, wizards are high-tech, cutting-edge talents, are respected.
This is like the secretary of my village, who is also the barefoot doctor in the village, the president of the yin and yang, and the temple fair, and when he was young, he also worked as a teacher. My uncle was very busy, holding a compass in one hand, a health care kit in the other, and the medicine box contained the documents of the return to the hometown government, and the big things and small things in the village were inseparable from him. When a child is born, he gives a lock; the villagers become ill, and he heals them; when he dies, he is responsible for burying, and he has to intervene from birth to death.
I think that More than 4,000 years ago, Shun was such an all-round person, a tribal leader, a wizard, a doctor, shoulder to shoulder.
The legendary Shun looks like this.
The real Shun is actually like this, and he can do things, heal diseases, and preside over the work of the tribe.
The Yu people lived by the water's edge of Tao (táo) and took Tao as their surname, which was later written Yao, and Yao and Tao pronounced the same.
Shun's name is Yao Chonghua, how can he know so much detail?
It was made up purely by later generations.
The capital of the Yu Kingdom, archaeologists have been looking for decades, but have not found, it is estimated that in Yongji, ancient called Pusaka. Gu Yanwu said: "Shundu Pusaka, present-day Puzhou (永济, in modern Pingyang Province, Shanxi). ”
Yuncheng District is 15 kilometers north, and is home to the nationally famous Tomb of Emperor Shun.
I have described the ancient Tang Kingdom in such detail, not by Lao Guo, but by the archaeological discovery of the Tao Temple site. There is not so much to say about the history of the Yu kingdom, because the capital of the Yu kingdom has not yet been found.
The State of Yu was later and more powerful than the State of Tang, and if the capital of the State of Yu was found, it would be of greater value and more clues. Unfortunately, it has not been found, and may never be found, just like yingqiu, the first capital of the State of Qi, some friends said that it was burned into bricks.
A site of astonishing value, archaeologists are slowly brushing with a brush, which takes decades, or even hundreds of years. But digging with an excavator may only take two or three days.