Author: Zhao Xinfang
The Sui Emperor Yang Guang was the second emperor of the Sui Dynasty. The era name was "Daye", and he reigned for fourteen years before finally dying at the hands of his generals. "炀" was given by the Tang Dynasty to Yang Guang. The "Tanfa" says: Good inner and far away rituals are known as stew, go to the far away people to know the scorch, against the heavens to abuse the people for the sake of the scorch. Hey, not just a low rating, it's a 100% bad review! For thousands of years, in the eyes of all generations of the world, the Sui Emperor was a tyrant of the Shang dynasty.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > (1) Yang Guang made Yin Zhao the crown prince</h1>
Yang Guang was the second son of Yang Jian, and the eldest brother Yang Yong were born to his mother Dugu. When he was a teenager, Yang Guang was handsome and lively, intelligent and studious, and was deeply loved by his parents.
Yang Guang established the Sui Dynasty as emperor, Yang Yong was made crown prince, and Yang Guang was made king of Jin. Yang Jian was well aware of the principle of practicing true knowledge, and in order to train Yang Guang, he appointed him as the governor of the Pillar State, the important northern town and prefecture (present-day Taiyuan, Shanxi), and in the eighth year of the kai emperor (588), Yang Resolutely ordered Chen to be appointed as a grand marshal. The young Yang Guangzhi was brave and commanding well, and attacked Jiankang with a single blow and destroyed the Chen Dynasty. After The Banshi returned to the dynasty, he was appointed as the governor of Yangzhou and was responsible for guarding the south.
His military exploits and honors made Yang Guang proud and complacent, and he looked down more and more on his brother Yang Yong, believing that his virtue and talent were not worthy of the throne, so he tried to replace him so that he could take over the throne in the future. First of all, he disguised himself as honest and incorruptible, not close to the sound, so that his prestige was higher than Yang Yong.d'. For many years, I have lived alone with my wife in the cold.
Secondly, he was very close to Yang Su and his mother, the LoneLy Empress, so that they often said good things about themselves in front of Yang Jian, and Yang Yong's was not. Yang Su once followed Yang Jian to fight in the world, and was Yang Jian's most favored and important minister, sealing the Duke of Yue, and was extremely noble. The LoneLy Empress was deeply favored by Yang Jian, and was a person who did not let her eyebrows be shaved, and even Yang Jian had to give her three points. In the palace, the emperor and empress were also called "two saints". Who would Yang Jian listen to if he didn't listen to Yang Su and the Lonely Empress? Over time, Yang Jian gradually alienated and became suspicious of Yang Yong, and eventually deposed Yang Yong and made Yang Guang the crown prince.
< h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > (2) The cause of Yang Jian's death is mysterious</h1>
After yang Jian established the country, in less than ten years, he successively destroyed Hou Liang and Chen, unified China, and ended the nearly three-hundred-year division since the end of the Western Jin Dynasty and the history of the division of the Northern and Southern Dynasties for a century and a half. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he implemented a series of reform measures to strengthen the centralization of power and consolidate the unity of the country, and practiced frugality, leniency of punishment, and development of agricultural production, and the whole society began to show a prosperous scene.
Emperor Yang Jian of the Sui Dynasty was a relatively enlightened emperor in China's feudal society. Maybe the years have worn away his will and produced the idea of ship-to-dock and wagon-to-station and timely fun? Since the death of empress Dowager Dugu in the second year of Renshou (602), he began to indulge in sexual pleasures, had sex with concubines all day, gradually weakened, and soon became seriously ill, Yang Guang secretly wrote to Yang Su, who was serving Yang Jian at the sickbed, asking about Yang Jian's illness and asking for countermeasures.
Unbeknownst to everyone, Yang Su's reply was mistakenly sent to Yang Jian, and coupled with Yang Jian's favorite concubine Lady Xuanhua coming to accuse Yang Guang of wanting to commit violence against him, Yang Jian was furious and immediately asked the soldiers Shangshu Liushu and Huangmen Shilang Yuanyan to draft an edict, depose Yang Guang, and re-establish Yang Yong as crown prince.
Yang Su quickly told Yang Guang the news. The two conspired to forge edicts, arrested Liu Shu and Yuan Yan, and threw them into Dali Temple Prison. These two men were the biggest threats to Yang Guang's path to power, because both of them were Yang Jian's closest people, and Liu Shu, who was the Shangshu of the Military Department, also held the power of the military attaché selection. Immediately after that, Yang Guang ordered that the entry and exit of the palace should be supervised by his close associates Yuwen Shu and Guo Yan, with the idea of splitting up all the people who had been serving the sick around Yang Jian, and sending his close confidant Zhang Heng to Yang Jian's side to replace Liu Shu, Yuan Yan, and all the servants of the palace.
Yang Jian was completely and completely isolated. Shortly after Zhang Heng entered the palace to serve the sick, The Sui Emperor Yang Jian cried out for his life. There are two theories about the cause of Yang Jian's death: one is that Yang Su and Zhang Heng were poisoned, and the other is that It was commanded by Yang Su, and Zhang Heng beat Yang Jian to death. Although these two statements are confusing, Yang Jian's death is related to Zhang Heng.
Book of Sui. Zhang Heng's biography contains: Soon after Yang Guang claimed to be emperor, he ordered Zhang Heng's execution, and Zhang Heng shouted, What do I do for people, and hope to live for a long time? From this, it can be counter-proved that Yang Guang cannot be isolated from Yang Jian's death, and Zhang Heng is the direct murderer! In order to cover up the truth, Yang Guang killed Zhang Heng and killed him.
After Yang Jian's death, Yang Guang could not wait to ascend to the emperor's throne at Renshou Palace, change his career to the Yuan Dynasty, and begin the career of a famous tyrant.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > (3) extravagant and lascivious self-destruction</h1>
Soon after Yang Guang ascended the throne, he ordered Yang Su to build the eastern capital with more than two million migrant workers, and relocated the residents of Luoyang City, as well as tens of thousands of rich merchants in various prefectures to enrich the eastern capital. He also decreed that the great master Yu Wenkai and the Neishishe people Feng Deyi would build the Xianren Palace, and send strange materials and stones, rare birds and beasts from all over the world to enrich the royal garden.
He decided to go out on a parade to investigate the customs of various places, and ordered Shangshu Right Emperor Fuyi to mobilize millions of zhuang Ding, dig the Tongji Canal, from Xiyuan to Luoshui, to the Grand Canal. It also leads the Yellow River from Banzhu into the Water, into Surabaya, and directly to the Huai River. The Han ditch was dug into the Yangtze River. The ditch is forty steps wide, and a royal road is built on the shore, and willow trees are planted next to the road. Due to the strict urging of officials to build dragon boats, more than half of the migrant workers were tortured to death... From the fourth year of Daye to the twelfth year of Daye, Yang Guang toured the capital of the river twice and toured the Great Wall once, and the extravagant pomp and circumstance was unprecedented, causing the people's resentment to boil and the people to live.
I don't know what Yang Guang thinks, maybe he is tired of playing and planning to seek greater stimulation, right? In the name of the king of Goryeo, who has not paid tribute, he sent troops to conquer Goryeo three times, wasting a lot of life and property, causing rapid social unrest and popular uprisings.
By the twelfth year of Daye (616), the situation in the whole country was beyond the control of the imperial court. Li Yuan, who had raised troops from Taiyuan, occupied Chang'an, Dou Jiande in Shandong and Liu Wuzhou in northern Jin, and the Wagang army led by Li Mi in the Central Plains was huge and supported by the broad masses of the people, and had captured the luoyang granary (that is, the state grain depot)...
At the beginning of the fourteenth year of Daye (618), Yang Guang was in Jiangdu, but due to excessive indulgence and exhaustion, various diseases occurred on his body. He knew the current situation, but there was nothing he could do but get by. Soon Jiangdu ran out of grain, and because the Central Plains had been lost and could not be returned to the north, Yang Guang planned to migrate to Danyang. Most of the soldiers accompanying the car were northerners, and people's hearts began to change. The General Sima Dejie, who led the Janissaries, conspired with the Zhige general Pei Qiantong and others to push the Right Tun Wei general Yu Wenhua as the leader, preparing to kill Yang Guang, and then lead the army west to Chang'an.
Late one night in March, Yang Guang was hanged on the throne by rebel soldiers, dying at the age of fifty.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > (iv) filler</h1>
Yang Guang is a poet who has a considerable influence on future generations, please see a poem written by him, "Spring River Flower Moon Night":
The twilight river is not moving, and the spring flowers are in full bloom. The flow waves will go to the moon, and the tide will bring the stars.
If you compare Zhang Ruoxuan with Yang Guang's poem with the same title, "Spring River Flower Moon Night", it can be clearly seen that Zhang Ruoxuan's description is inspired by this article, and Yang Guang has the ability to set a precedent. The best sentences in Yang Guang's poems are often imitated by later poets, and even copied, such as a poem contained in the "Pen Crane":
Jackdaws fly a few points, and the water flows around the isolated village. Where the sun is about to fall, a look at the eclipse of the soul.
The first 3 sentences of the poem were almost completely copied by the famous Song Dynasty lyricist Qin Guan in the famous work "Man Ting Fang". Yuan dynasty poet Ma Zhiyuan's noun "Tianjing Sha Qiusi", in which "dead vines and old trees are dimwives, small bridges and flowing water people's homes, and ancient road west wind skinny horses." As the sun sets, the broken intestines are at the end of the world. It was also influenced by the above-mentioned Yang Guang's poem.
Zhang Pu in the "Han Wei Six Dynasties Hundred and Three Families Collection Inscriptions : Sui Dynasty Emperor Collection" Yun: Chen Sui Wen Lament, the emperor has a work, with the crowd. Yang Guang's poetic style is indispensable. Although he was criticized by posterity for his governance and life, he did make achievements in literature.
【About the author】Zhao Xinfang, pen name Zhao Shi, is a member of the Chongqing Miscellaneous Literature Association and the Chongqing Nan'an District Writers Association.
Tips: If you like this article, please forward and comment.
recommend:
Why did Yang Jian's favored palace daughter in his later years make Dugu Jia Luo very jealous?
Is the world's most cattle old man lonely believer in Han Chinese? Which idiom is related to him?