Today to identify the popular historical figures on the Internet, I have the honor of becoming the corpse that was whipped today, no, I mean the object of identification is - "An Emperor of the Ages, Yang Guang, the Emperor of the Sui Dynasty".
In this Internet era, sometimes I see some amazing words on the Internet, which is no longer so surprising to me, including "Yang Guang, an emperor of thousands of years, a man of great talent and a gentleman", and "Yang Guangxiong is a little more generous, but a little bit less lenient, and today he is so miserable, in fact, because the Tang Dynasty is used to tampering with history books and making every effort to smear it." Yang Guang was actually the First Emperor of the Ancient World, but now he was the most serious Ming Jun who had been smeared! ”
To some extent, Comrade Yang Guang is indeed the "Emperor of Zhaogu".
There is a famous sentence describing Comrade Yang Guang, because of its exquisite words and elegant style, it has been spread through the ages, and this sentence is called -- "The bamboo of the South Mountain, the sin of the book is not exhausted; the wave of the East China Sea is decided, and the poison is difficult to exhaust." As a golden sentence of a football commentary said, "If you don't shoot well, it's better not to shoot." As far as Yang Guang is concerned, it is really better to govern the country badly than not to rule.
First, if the cure is not good, it is better not to cure it
In 604 AD, that is, in the fourth year of Renshou, Comrade Yang Jian, who had worked diligently and diligently to take the Jiangshan from the hands of the orphans and widows of the Later Zhou Dynasty, died and drove to the west, and Comrade Yang Guang, who had always been a bad voice, a corporal of courtesy and outstanding political achievements, took over the position of Ninth Five-Year Plan and became the leader of the Sui Empire.
Emperor Wen of Sui
At this time, what kind of "difficult and dangerous" situation is Comrade Yang Guang facing?
In terms of population, the Sui Dynasty had seven million households and nearly fifty million people. Fourteen million more than the 36 million people that Emperor Wu of Han took over after the reign of Wen Jing.
In terms of grain reserves, the key granary projects built by Yang Jian, such as Xingluocang, Huiluocang, Changpingcang, Liyangcang, and Guangtongcang, have stored grain of more than one million stones.
In terms of the external environment, under the bad water of Comrade Yang Jian's stomach, the Turks were provoked and divided into east and west, and incidentally, they also beat up Tuguhun and other tribes.
It is no exaggeration to say that our Great Sui is precisely at a time when the soldiers are strong and strong, and the whole country is thriving, looking forward to building the cause of The Great Sui in the new period under the leadership of Comrade Yang Guang, who once commanded the army and was always humble and prudent.
Everyone affirms the fact that "this empire has a great future"
As a result, the thriving and powerful Sui Dynasty was destroyed after only thirteen years.
Li Shimin gave Yang Guang a big thumbs up
We can compare them from two different dimensions, horizontal and vertical, and study what a great achievement it was to let the Great Sui perish within thirteen years.
The second emperor of the Western Jin Dynasty, the famous Hui Emperor Sima Zheng, that is, the protagonist of "Why not eat meat", he took over a not so strong Jiangshan, in the case of his extremely worrying IQ, accompanied by a crazy and ugly cruel wife, manchu Wenwu did not shock the ancient and modern generation, but the Wuhu next to him became more and more majestic, the Lord god did not give a good face, under the natural disaster, Sima Zheng successfully reigned for 18 years, did not let the Western Jin perish at his own hands.
Another example is Zhao Shuo, who ascended the throne and destroyed the country, and was swept around on the map, but the small dynasty he established actually persisted for 149 years, and the time span was enough for Comrade Yang Guang to toss eleven times, and even six more years.
Yang Guang! God who rules in reverse!
Second, do not be one-dollar, but dialectical
Nowadays, a wave of whitewashing for Yang Guang has been set off on the Internet. Moreover, many netizens like to engage in monism, and the characterization of historical figures is often black and white, and those who are optimistic will sing praises and praise virtues, and those who sing decline will be completely denied.
But history and figures are often vivid and rich, and they should be used at both ends of the spectrum, which is called "looking at problems dialectically."
For example, the starting point of the construction of the Grand Canal is undoubtedly good, but under the historical conditions at that time, it was impossible to complete the construction of the Grand Canal with all its merits. And this kind of behavior, which is in a hurry to do something great regardless of the actual conditions, is called "left-leaning adventurism," and this kind of behavior is no different from Wang Mang, who wants to engage in "socialism" in feudal society, and is seriously divorced from social reality.
Chairman Mao has an article called "Against Originalism", which put forward a very famous thesis - without investigation, there is no right to speak. From this sentence, we can extend the living soul of Marxism and analyze specific problems.
Therefore, in dealing with controversial historical figures such as Yang Guang, we must conduct detailed investigations and specific analysis.
Yang Guang's historical merits are probably the destruction of Southern Chen, the opening of canals, the opening of the keju, the coming of all nations to the dynasty, the conquest of Goguryeo, and the construction of the Eastern Capital.
First, let's explain the background of the times. At that time, the unification of the north and the south was an irresistible historical trend, and the southern and northern dynasties accelerated the process of national integration since the reform of Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei, and by the Northern Zhou Dynasty, this integration had entered a climax.
With the development of time, the economy of the north and the south has developed by leaps and bounds, but the confrontation between the north and the south has hindered the further exchange and development of the economy, so the reunification of the north and the south was an inevitable trend of historical development at that time, and it was also the common aspiration of the people of all ethnic groups in the north and the south.
History was created by the masses of the people, but the Sui Emperor Yang Jian played a key role in promoting this process.
His various reforms have achieved remarkable results, including the three provinces and six ministries system implemented at the central level, the prefecture and county system implemented at the local level, and the abolition of the nine-pin Zhongzheng system in the selection system and the creation of the imperial examination system. In terms of laws, the five hundred articles of the "KaiHuang Law" were made, which became a model for the feudal legal provisions of later generations, and was always used from the Tang and Qing Dynasties. In the economic system, we will continue to promote the implementation of the equalization system and implement the system of renting and domestic servants. In addition, there is the prefectural military system, which is promoted in the military system.
It can be said that Emperor Wen of Sui's reforms covered all aspects and were fruitful, breaking the balance of power between the north and the south in one fell swoop. Compared with Yang Guang, Yang Jian is more qualified to be called "The First Emperor of the Ages". In fact, if it were not for Yang Guang's excessive crotch and the death of the Sui Dynasty II, Emperor Wen of Sui would have been regarded as a Figure of Li Shimin for completing the great cause of unification and reform.
(1) Destroy Nan Chen
The fall of Southern Chen was in 589 AD, at this time and during the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui, Yang Guang only commanded the leader in name, in fact, the real leader was another person, that is, Gao Xi and Yang Su, two handsome men, and on the front line, it was He Ruobi, Han Huhu and others who fought with real swords and guns.
If Yang Guang has no role in promoting this process at all, it is obviously not reasonable, but it is by no means a leading and main role, and it can be remembered here.
(2) Open the canal
The construction of the Grand Canal is indeed a great credit to Yang Guang. But there are two points to be aware of. First, the construction of the Grand Canal was not Yang Guang's own efforts, since the Spring and Autumn Eastern Han Dynasty, there has been a tradition of building canals everywhere, and the Hangou was originally excavated by the Spring and Autumn Wu Kingdom and repaired by Yang Jian. The canals in the Jiangnan region also used the canals opened by the Wu, Han and Six Dynasties, as well as the white ditches opened by Cao Cao.
Having said all this, it is nothing more than to show that the construction of the canal is the common effort of successive dynasties and dynasties, not Yang Guang's own efforts. In addition, when so many countries dug canals, no country was seen to have destroyed the country because of the opening of the river, only Yang Guang, the "Zhaogu Emperor", did it.
The word 炀 means in the Falun Gong - "against heaven and the people.".
"The Record of The Open River", written by the late Tang Dynasty scholar Han Wei, mentions that Yang Guangxiu requisitioned 3.6 million people for the canal. One person from five families was also drawn to be responsible for the food and cooking of the migrant workers (this kind of labor did not spare even the elderly and women). Due to the high intensity of labor and the fierce supervision of the supervision, the result is that in less than a year, 3.6 million migrant workers have died in the millions.
Generally speaking, building the canal not only failed to give credit to the Sui Emperor, but also confirmed his brutal nickname.
(3) Open the examination
It should be pointed out that during the sui wendi period, the nine-pin zhongzheng system had been abolished, and instead the local government was required to recommend talents, participate in subjects such as Xiucai and Mingjing, and recruit qualified people.
The Opening of the Jinshi Branch by the Sui Emperor was actually a further deepening of the material selection system promoted by Emperor Wen of Sui, but this was indeed a great merit of the Sui Emperor and could be recorded.
(4) All nations come to the dynasty
Obviously, this is Yang Jian's foundation playing too well.
When Yang Guang had just succeeded to the throne, the north was already showing signs of weakness under the toss of Yang Jian, who had a bad stomach. But in Yang Guang's hands, "Rong Di is fiercely strong, and Gu Wei is also there."
The Eastern Turks conquered Hetao, occupying Hexi, Longyou, northern Shaanxi and even Hebei. When the Turkic khans went south, they even allowed the Turks to invade the Central Plains, and even if the heroes were roughly like Li Shimin, they could only humiliatingly sign the Weishui Alliance.
The Turks were able to make a comeback, and the roots were broken from Yang Guang, and the memory was great.
(5) Conquest of Goguryeo
"The Song of death in the Liaodong Wave of No Direction", this is a poem written by Wang Bo, the so-called "ignoring the officers and soldiers, lifting the knife and swinging forward." For example, Liaodong died, beheading what hurt. "Going to Liaodong is also death, and being killed desperately with the officers and soldiers is also death." Why didn't the brothers fight with the officers and soldiers?
Wang Bo took this as a slogan and took the lead in launching a peasant uprising in Liaodong, but within two years, the rebel army was everywhere. The commentary on "eighteen anti-kings, sixty-four places of smoke and dust, seventy-two thieves" refers to this.
Obviously, if Yang Guang did not have the problem of good and great achievements, the large-scale peasant uprising could still come later.
Today's Koreans consider themselves to be descendants of Goguryeo, and whenever they mention the Sui Emperor, most of them are very dismissive, calling them "ugly losers". But then again, Goguryeo belongs to the minority regime in northeast China and has nothing to do with the Koreans.
Demerit.
(6) Construction of Dongdu
In 605, the eastern capital Luoyang was built, with millions of soldiers and millions of victims. However, the creation of Dongdu has a profound impact on future generations, which is difficult to say.
Yang Guang was killed by his own pro-army rebellion, and when his former subordinates broke through the door, Yang Guang calmly asked, "I am really responsible for the people, as for er, Rong Lu and Ji Ji, why is it so!" ”
When Yang Guang ascended the throne, the population was about 40 million or even 50 million, but by the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the population was only 10 million. Although not all of these 30 million people died because of Yang Guang, there is no doubt that if Yang Guang could smoothly maintain the operation of the Sui Dynasty, instead of celebrating great feats and flaunting his might, there would not be more than 30 million undead.