Nobel Prize! It was awarded to two Google AI bosses, 39 and 48 years old.
Compilation|Li Shuiqing Editor|Moying Source|Zhidong After a day, the AI circle boss won the Nobel Prize again! Zhidong reported on October 9 that today, the Royal Sweden Academy of Sciences announced that the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry will be divided into two, and half will be awarded to David ·Baker (David Baker) in recognition of his achievements in "protein design using computers". The other half went to Google, which was awarded to Demis Hassabis, CEO of DeepMind, and John ·, a senior research scientist· John M. Jumper, M· for their "contributions to protein structure prediction."
Among them, Hassabis and Jumper used AI models to overcome a half-century-old problem of predicting the complex structure of proteins. Sweden Royal Academy of Sciences said: "The potential of these discoveries is immeasurable. "The AI circle bigwigs have a great harvest for this Nobel Prize. Just yesterday, the 2024 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to ·John J. Hopfield and Ge·offrey E. Hinton, known as the "Godfather of AI," for their foundational discoveries and inventions that led to machine learning using artificial neural networks. ("A rare scene for the Nobel Prize in Physics!") The diversity of life is a testament to the use of proteins as a tool for excellence in chemistry. They control and drive all the chemical reactions that animate life. In addition, proteins play multiple roles as hormones, signaling molecules, antibodies, and building blocks of tissues.
This year's two remarkable discoveries are how to build amazingly personalized proteins; The second is the realization of a 50-year-old dream of being able to predict the structure of proteins based on amino acid sequences alone. Proteins, made up of 20 different types of amino acids, are indispensable for life. Back in 2003, Baker cleverly used this set of "building blocks" to design a completely new protein that was radically different from all known proteins. Since then, his team has continued to innovate and create proteins with functions such as drugs, vaccines, nanomaterials, and miniature sensors. Another major discovery is that scientists are able to predict the structure of proteins. The amino acids in proteins are linked together like long strings of beads and folded into a complex three-dimensional structure that is essential for the function of the protein. Since the 70s of the 20th century, scientists have been trying to predict the structure of proteins based on amino acid sequences, but this has been a huge challenge. Four years ago, however, there was a major breakthrough in this area. In 2020, Hassabis and Jumper proposed an AI model called AlphaFold 2. With this model, they were able to predict the structure of almost all of the 200 million proteins known to scientists. Since this breakthrough, AlphaFold2 has been used by more than 2 million people in 190 countries around the world. In addition, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of antibiotic resistance and create images of enzymes capable of breaking down plastics. In May of this year, Google launched a revolutionary model, AlphaFold 3, which appeared in the top international journal Nature. AlphaFold 3 is able to predict the structure and interactions of all living molecules. AlphaFold 3 is at least 50% more accurate than existing methods in predicting protein interactions with other molecules, and even 1x better for some interaction classes. AlphaFold 3 is based on its 2020 launch of AlphaFold 2. To date, millions of researchers around the world have used AlphaFold 2 to make important discoveries in areas such as malaria vaccines, cancer treatments, and enzyme design, and AlphaFold has been cited more than 20,000 times. This makes AlphaFold 3 the first AI system to go beyond a tool for predicting the structure of real biomolecules. AlphaFold 3 is not limited to proteins and will explore a wider range of biomolecules. This leap could impact everything from the development of biorenewable materials and more resilient crops, to the acceleration of drug design and genomics research, bringing about a revolution in bioscience research. ("AI Predicts All Life Molecules!") Google's AlphaFold 3 model is listed in Nature, free and open to save hundreds of millions of years of research time)
▲ AlphaFold 3 predicts protein structure
The 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry is worth 11 million Sweden kronor (about 7.4986 million yuan), half of which is owned by Baker and the other half by Hassabis and Jumper.
·Born in 1962 in Seattle, Washington, United States, David Baker received his Ph.D. from United States University of California, Berkeley in 1989 and is currently a professor at the University of Washington Seattle United States. Born in London, United Kingdom · 1976, Demis Hassabis received his Ph.D. from University College London, United Kingdom 2009, and is currently the CEO of Google DeepMind. John · Born in 1985 in Little Rock, Arkansas, United States, John M. Jumper, M· received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in United States Illinois in 2017 and is currently a senior research scientist at Google DeepMind in London, United Kingdom.
Source: Official website of the Royal Sweden Academy of Sciences, Zhidong
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